Medical electrode

• US 5,868,136 A
• Filed: 02/20/1996
• Issued: 02/09/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 02/20/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Axelgaard Manufacturing Co. Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Axelgaard Manufacturing Co. Ltd.
• Inventors: Fox, Adrian S., Axelgaard, Jens
• Primary Examiner(s): Cohen, Lee S.
• Application Number:
  US08/603,635
• Time in Patent Office: 1,085 Days
• Field of Search: 128/639-641, 607/149, 607/152, 606/32, 252/500
• US Class Current: 600/391
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0496 characterised by using specific chemical compositions, e.g. hydrogel compositions, adhesives

Abstract

An electrode providing electrical contact with a patient'"'"'s skin includes a conductive member adapted for connection to an external electrical apparatus and a non-liquid film for electrically interfacing to said patient'"'"'s skin, the liquid film being electrically and mechanically connected to said conductive member. The non-liquid film includes an electrically conductive organic polymer plasticized with a polyhydric alcohol with said organic polymer being derived from a monomeric mixture comprising from about 15 to 30 pph acrylic acid, 0.5 to 30 pph N-vinylpyrrolidone and 0.01 to 2 pph of a crosslinking agent. The monomeric mixture may further comprise from about 0.5 to 8 pph of a thickening agent comprising a N-vinylpyrrolidone/acrylic acid copolymer.

Claims

1. An electrode providing electrical contact with a patient'"'"'s skin comprising:

a conductive member including means for connection to an external electrical apparatus; and

means for electrically interfacing to said patient'"'"'s skin being electrically and mechanically connected to said conductive member, said interfacing means being a non-liquid film and which comprises an electrically conductive organic polymer plasticized with a polyhydric alcohol with said organic polymer being derived from a monomeric mixture comprising from about 15 to 30 pph acrylic acid, 0.5 to 30 pph N-vinylpyrrolidone and 0.01 to 2 pph of a crosslinking agent and from about 0.5 to 8 pph of a thickening agent comprising a N-vinylpyrrolidone/acrylic acid copolymer.

2. The electrode of claim 1 wherein said polyhydric alcohol is glycerol.

3. The electrode of claim 2 wherein said crosslinking agent is methylene bis-acrylamide.

4. The electrode of claim 3 wherein said monomeric mixture further comprises from about 0.1 to 6 pph of a sulfonic acid-containing comonomer.

5. The electrode of claim 3 wherein said monomeric mixture further comprising from about 0.5 to 2 pph acrylamide.

6. The electrode of claim 5 comprising from 0.5 to 2 pph of acrylamide and from 0.03 to 0.1 pph methylene bis-acrylamide.

7. The electrode of claim 5 wherein said monomeric mixture further comprises from about 40 to 60 pph of glycerol.

8. The electrode of claim 7 wherein said sulfonic-acid-containing comonomer is 2-acrylamido propane sulfonic acid.

9. The electrode of claim 1 wherein said monomeric mixture further comprises from 0.05 to 3 pph of an ultraviolet sensitive curing agent.

10. The electrode of claim 9 wherein said ultraviolet sensitive curing agent is selected from the group consisting of 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propan-2-one 4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl (2-Hydroxy-2-Phenyl-2-hydroxy-2-propyl)ketone or 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenyl-acetophenone and mixtures thereof.

11. The electrode of claim 1 wherein said monomer mixture comprises from about 2 to 5 pph of a thickening agent comprising a N-vinyl pyrrolidone/acrylic acid copolymer.

12. The electrode of claim 1 wherein said monomer mixture comprises from about 0.5 to 2.5 pph of a thickening agent comprising a N-vinyl pyrrolidone/acrylic acid copolymer.

13. The electrode of claim 1 wherein said monomer mixture comprises from about 0.5 to 1.5 pph of a thickening agent comprising a N-vinyl pyrrolidone/acrylic acid copolymer.

14. An electrode providing electrical contact with a patient'"'"'s skin comprising:

a conductive member including means for connection to an external electrical apparatus; and

means for electrically interfacing to said patient'"'"'s skin being electrically and mechanically connected to said conductive member, said interfacing means being a non-liquid film which is easily separable from the skin upon removal without any noticeable residue and which consists essentially of an electrically conductive organic polymer plasticized with a polyhydric alcohol with said organic polymer being derived from a monomeric mixture comprising from about 15 to 30 pph acrylic acid, 0.5 to 15 pph N-vinylpyrrolidone, 0.5 to 2 pph acrylamide and 0.03 to 0.1 pph methylene bis-acrylamide.

15. The electrode of claim 14 wherein said monomeric mixture is admixed with from about 0.5 to 8 pph of a thickening agent.

16. The electrode of claim 15 wherein said polyhydric alcohol is glycerol.

17. The electrode of claim 16 wherein said monomeric mixture further comprises from about 0.1 to 5 pph of a sulfonic-acid-containing comonomer.

18. The electrode of claim 17 wherein said sulfonic acid-containing comonomer is 2-acrylamide propane sulfonic acid.

19. The electrode of claim 16 wherein said monomeric mixture further comprises from 0.05 to 3 pph of an ultraviolet sensitive curing agent.

20. The electrode of claim 19 wherein said ultraviolet sensitive curing agent is selected from the group consisting of 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propan-2-one 4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl (2-hydroxy-2-phenyl-(2-hydroxy-2-propyl)ketone or 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenyl-acetophenone and mixtures therefor.

21. The electrode of claim 19 wherein said monomer mixture comprises from 40 to 60 pph glycerol.