Integrated image reject mixer

• US 5,870,670 A
• Filed: 09/23/1996
• Issued: 02/09/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 09/23/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. (NXP Semiconductors NV)
• Original Assignee: Motorola, Inc. (Motorola Solutions, Inc.)
• Inventors: Waldie, William T., Ripley, David Steven
• Primary Examiner(s): LE, THANH C
• Application Number:
  US08/717,877
• Time in Patent Office: 869 Days
• Field of Search: 455/302, 455/303, 455/304, 455/305, 455/306, 455/317, 455/318, 455/319, 455/320, 455/323, 455/324, 455/325, 455/326, 455/330, 455/333, 455/126, 375/329, 375/334, 375/335, 375/336, 375/339, 375/344
• US Class Current: 455/304
• CPC Class Codes: H03D 7/165 at least two frequency changers being located in different paths, e.g. in two paths with carriers in quadrature combined with amplitude demodulation H03D1/2245, combined with angle demodulation H03D3/007; N-path filters H03H19/002
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/26 for superheterodyne receivers multiple frequency-changing H03D7/16
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/28 the receiver comprising at least one semiconductor device having three or more electrodes

Abstract

An integrated image reject mixer (150) generates precise quadrature components using highly matched local-oscillator (LO) path and intermediate frequency (IF) path resistor-capacitor (RC) phase shifting networks (131, 138). Because the LO signal from a local oscillator (127) has a constant amplitude, a phase detector (136) feedback loop easily maintains an accurate ninety-degree phase difference between the quadrature LO signals (122, 124) from the LO path phase shifting network (131). Because the two phase shifting networks are matched, the feedback control signal (137) from the phase detector (136) can also be used to maintain an accurate ninety-degree phase difference between the quadrature IF signals (123, 128) from the IF path phase shifting network (138) despite the dynamically-varying amplitude of the IF signal. Thus, this image reject mixer uses only components that may be easily integrated into an integrated circuit.

Claims

1. An image reject mixer comprising:

a local oscillator for producing a local oscillator signal;

a local oscillator phase shifting network, coupled to the local oscillator, for producing an in-phase local oscillator signal and a quadrature local oscillator signal from the local oscillator signal;

a phase detector, coupled to the local oscillator phase shifting network, for examining a phase of the in-phase local oscillator signal and a phase of the quadrature local oscillator signal and producing a control signal for adjusting the phase of the in-phase local oscillator signal and the phase of the quadrature local oscillator signal; and

an intermediate frequency phase shifting network, coupled to the phase detector, for adjusting a phase of an in-phase intermediate frequency signal and a phase of a quadrature intermediate frequency signal in response to the control signal.

2. An image reject mixer according to claim 1 further comprising:

an in-phase mixer, coupled to the in-phase local oscillator signal and adapted to receive a radio frequency signal, for mixing the in-phase local oscillator signal and the radio frequency signal.

3. An image reject mixer according to claim 2 further comprising:

a low noise amplifier, coupled between the radio frequency signal and the in-phase mixer.

4. An image reject mixer according to claim 2 further comprising:

a quadrature mixer, coupled to the quadrature local oscillator signal and adapted to receive the radio frequency signal, for mixing the quadrature local oscillator signal and the radio frequency signal.

5. An image reject mixer according to claim 4 further comprising:

a low noise amplifier, coupled between the radio frequency signal and the quadrature mixer.

6. An image reject mixer according to claim 4 wherein the intermediate frequency phase shifting network is also coupled to the inphase mixer and the quadrature mixer.

7. An image reject mixer according to claim 1 further comprising:

a summer, coupled to the in-phase intermediate frequency signal and the quadrature intermediate frequency signal.

8. An image reject mixer according to claim 1 wherein the intermediate frequency phase shifting network is adapted to receive an incoming signal, and the in-phase intermediate frequency signal and the quadrature intermediate frequency signal are produced in response to the incoming signal.

9. An image reject mixer according to claim 8 further comprising:

an in-phase mixer, coupled to the in-phase local oscillator signal and the in-phase intermediate frequency signal.

10. An image reject mixer according to claim 9 further comprising:

a quadrature mixer, coupled to the quadrature local oscillator signal and the quadrature intermediate frequency signal.

11. An image reject mixer according to claim 10 further comprising:

a summer, coupled to the in-phase mixer and the quadrature mixer.

12. An image reject mixer according to claim 1 wherein the local oscillator phase shifting network comprises:

a first capacitor, coupled to the local oscillator;

a first resistor, coupled to the local oscillator;

a second capacitor, coupled to the first resistor; and

a second resistor, coupled to the first capacitor and the second capacitor.

13. An image reject mixer according to claim 12 wherein the second capacitor is coupled between the first resistor and ground and the second resistor is coupled between the first capacitor and ground.

14. An image reject mixer according to claim 12 wherein the first resistor is a variable resistor and the second resistor is a variable resistor.

15. An image reject mixer according to claim 12 wherein the first capacitor is a variable capacitor and the second capacitor is a variable capacitor.

16. An image reject mixer according to claim 1 wherein the intermediate frequency phase shifting network comprises:

a first capacitor;

a first resistor, coupled to the first capacitor;

a second capacitor, coupled to the first resistor; and

a second resistor, coupled to the first capacitor and the second capacitor.

17. An image reject mixer according to claim 16 wherein the second capacitor is coupled between the first resistor and ground and the second resistor is coupled between the first capacitor and ground.

18. An image reject mixer according to claim 16 wherein the first resistor is a variable resistor and the second resistor is a variable resistor.

19. An image reject mixer according to claim 16 wherein the first capacitor is a variable capacitor and the second capacitor is a variable capacitor.

20. A radiotelephone comprising:

A) an antenna;

B) an image reject mixer integrated onto a single integrated circuit, coupled to the antenna, having;

1) a local oscillator for producing a local oscillator signal;

2) a local oscillator phase shifting network, coupled to the local oscillator, for producing an in-phase local oscillator signal and a quadrature local oscillator signal from the local oscillator signal including;

a) a first capacitor, coupled to the local oscillator;

b) a first resistor, coupled to the local oscillator;

c) a second capacitor, coupled to the first resistor; and

d) a second resistor, coupled to the first capacitor and the second capacitor;

3) a phase detector, coupled to the local oscillator phase shifting network, for examining a phase of the in-phase local oscillator signal and a phase of the quadrature local oscillator signal and generating a control signal for adjusting the phase of the in-phase local oscillator signal and the phase of the quadrature local oscillator signal; and

4) an intermediate frequency phase shift network, coupled to the phase detector, for adjusting a phase of an in-phase intermediate frequency signal and a phase of a quadrature intermediate frequency signal in response to the control signal including;

a) a first capacitor;

b) a first resistor, coupled to the first capacitor;

c) a second capacitor, coupled to the first resistor; and

d) a second resistor, coupled to the first capacitor and the second capacitor;

C) an audio speaker, coupled to the image reject mixer.

21. A method for image reject mixing comprising the steps of:

producing a local oscillator signal;

creating an in-phase local oscillator signal and a quadrature local oscillator signal from the local oscillator signal;

examining a phase of the in-phase local oscillator signal and a phase of the quadrature local oscillator signal and generating a control signal for adjusting the phase of the in-phase local oscillator signal in relation to the phase of the quadrature local oscillator signal; and

adjusting a phase of an in-phase intermediate frequency signal in relation to a phase of a quadrature intermediate frequency signal using the control signal.