Methods and devices for treating pulmonary vasoconstriction and asthma
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1. A method for treating or preventing pulmonary vasoconstriction in a mammal, which method comprises identifying a mammal in need of such treatment or prevention, and providing a therapeutically-effective amount of a nitric oxide-releasing compound to a mammal for inhalation.
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Abstract
A method for treating or preventing bronchoconstriction or reversible pulmonary vasoconstriction in a mammal, which method includes causing the mammal to inhale a therapeutically-effective concentration of gaseous nitric oxide or a therapeutically-effective amount of a nitric oxide-releasing compound, and an inhaler device containing nitric oxide gas and/or a nitric oxide-releasing compound.
235 Citations
131 Claims
- 1. A method for treating or preventing pulmonary vasoconstriction in a mammal, which method comprises identifying a mammal in need of such treatment or prevention, and providing a therapeutically-effective amount of a nitric oxide-releasing compound to a mammal for inhalation.
- 7. A method for treating or preventing bronchoconstriction in a human, which method comprises identifying a human in need of such treatment or prevention, and providing a therapeutically-effective amount of a nitric oxide-releasing compound to such a human for inhalation.
- 14. A method of improving gas exchange in the lungs of a mammal, said method comprising identifying a mammal in need of said improved gas exchange, and providing a therapeutically-effective amount of a nitric oxide-releasing compound to such a mammal for inhalation.
- 17. A method of delivering a pharmacoactive compound into the lungs of a mammal, said method comprising providing said compound in the form of a liquid or solid suspended in a gas comprising a therapeutically-effective amount of nitric oxide to a mammal for inhalation, wherein the gas comprises less than 12 ppm NO2 when provided to the mammal for inhalation.
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24. An inhaler device comprising
a vessel containing pressurized gas comprising at least 1 ppm nitric oxide; -
a housing defining a lumen, said vessel being attached to said housing to deliver said gas into said lumen; and a mechanism for controllably releasing said gas from said vessel into said lumen; said lumen being configured to route said released gas into the respiratory system of a person, at which point said released gas contains less than 12 ppm NO2 ; wherein said device weighs less than approximately 5 kg. - View Dependent Claims (25, 26, 27, 28)
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29. A device comprising
a vessel containing a nitric oxide-donor compound effective for treating bronchoconstriction or reversible pulmonary vasoconstriction, said compound being suspended in a pressurized or liquified propellant gas; -
a housing defining (a) a port onto which said vessel is mounted and (b) a lumen in communication with said port; and a mechanism for controllably releasing said propellant from said vessel into said lumen, thereby releasing said suspended compound from said vessel into said lumen; said lumen being configured to route a therapeutically effective amount of said compound suspended in said released propellant into the respiratory system of a person. - View Dependent Claims (30, 31, 32)
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33. A device comprising
a vessel containing a pressurized or liquified propellant gas; -
a housing defining (a) a chamber containing a nitric oxide-donor compound effective for treating bronchoconstriction or reversible pulmonary vasoconstriction, and (b) a lumen in communication with said chamber; a mechanism for controllably releasing said gas from said vessel into said chamber, thereby suspending said compound in said gas; said lumen being configured to route a therapeutically effective amount of said compound into the respiratory system of a person. - View Dependent Claims (34, 35)
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36. An apparatus for introducing NO gas into the respiratory system of a mammal, comprising
a source of pressurized NO-containing gas; -
a source of pressurized O2 -containing gas; a gas blender; means for controllably releasing said gases from said sources into said blender, thereby forming a gas mixture which continuously flows out of said blender; a tube having a lumen in communication with said blender, said tube being configured to route said gas mixture into the respiratory system of a mammal; and a nitrogen dioxide (NO2) scavenger. - View Dependent Claims (37, 38, 39, 40, 41)
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42. An apparatus for introducing NO gas into the respiratory system of a mammal, comprising
sources of pressurized NO gas, N2 gas and O2 gas; -
a gas reservoir; means for controllably releasing said gases into said gas reservoir, thereby forming a gas mixture within said reservoir; and a tube having a lumen in communication with said reservoir, said tube being equipped with a flowmeter, wherein said tube is configured to route said gas mixture into the respiratory system of a mammal; means, including a setting on said flowmeter, for ensuring that the residence half time of NO in said reservoir during use by such a mammal is 15 seconds or less. - View Dependent Claims (43, 44, 45)
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46. An apparatus for introducing NO gas into the respiratory system of a patient, comprising:
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a source of pressurized NO gas; an NO2 scavenger; an enclosure suitable for providing an ambient atmosphere from which a patient can inhale; means for charging said atmosphere with NO from said source; and means for causing said atmosphere to have a high gas turnover rate. - View Dependent Claims (47, 48, 49, 50)
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51. An apparatus for introducing No gas into the respiratory system of a patient, comprising:
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a source of pressurized NO gas; a ventilator comprising a ventilation circuit, said ventilation circuit comprising an NO2 scavenger; and means for controllably releasing said gas into said ventilation circuit. - View Dependent Claims (52, 53, 54)
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55. An apparatus for introducing NO gas into the respiratory system of a mammal, comprising:
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a source of pressurized NO gas; a source of pressurized O2 -containing gas; a housing equipped with a flowmeter; an NO2 scavenger; and means for controllably releasing said gases from said sources into said housing to form a gas mixture; said housing being configured to route said gas mixture into the respiratory system of a mammal. - View Dependent Claims (56, 57, 58, 59, 60)
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61. A method for treating or preventing reversible pulmonary vasoconstriction in a mammal, which method comprises
providing for inhalation by a mammal in need of said treatment or prevention a therapeutically-effective amount of an oxygen-containing gas mixture comprising NO at a therapeutically-effective concentration and containing less than 12 ppm NO2 when provided to the mammal for inhalation.
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68. A method for treating or preventing reversible pulmonary vasoconstriction in a mammal, which method comprises
providing a therapeutically-effective amount of an oxygen-containing gas mixture comprising NO at a therapeutically-effective concentration; -
monitoring said gas mixture'"'"'s NO2 concentration; and following said monitoring step, providing the gas mixture for inhalation by a mammal in need of said treatment or prevention. - View Dependent Claims (69, 70, 71, 72, 73)
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74. A method for treating or preventing reversible pulmonary vasoconstriction in a mammal, which method comprises
providing an oxygen-containing gas mixture comprising NO at a therapeutically-effective concentration; -
scavenging NO2 from said gas mixture; and after said scavenging step, providing a therapeutically-effective amount of said mixture for inhalation by a mammal in need of said treatment or prevention. - View Dependent Claims (75, 76, 77, 78, 79)
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80. A method for treating or preventing bronchoconstriction in a mammal, which method comprises
providing for inhalation by a mammal in need of said treatment or prevention a therapeutically effective amount of an oxygen-containing gas mixture comprising NO at a therapeutically-effective concentration and containing less than 12 ppm NO2 when provided to the mammal for inhalation.
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85. A method for treating or preventing bronchoconstriction in a mammal, which method comprises
providing for inhalation by a mammal in need of said treatment or prevention a therapeutically-effective amount of an oxygen-containing gas mixture comprising NO at a therapeutically-effective concentration; - and
prior to the providing step, monitoring the gas mixture'"'"'s NO2 concentration. - View Dependent Claims (86, 87, 88)
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89. A method for treating or preventing bronchoconstriction in a mammal, which method comprises
providing an oxygen-containing gas mixture comprising NO at a therapeutically-effective concentration; -
scavenging NO2 from said gas mixture; and after said scavenging step, providing a therapeutically-effective amount of said gas mixture for inhalation by a mammal in need of said treatment or prevention. - View Dependent Claims (90, 91)
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92. An apparatus for introducing NO gas into the respiratory system of a mammal, comprising
a source of pressurized NO-containing gas; -
a source of pressurized O2 -containing gas; a gas blender; means for controllably releasing said gases from said sources into said blender, thereby forming a gas mixture which continuously flows out of said blender; a tube having a lumen in communication with said blender, said tube being configured to route said gas mixture into the respiratory system of a mammal; and an NO2 analyzer. - View Dependent Claims (93, 94, 95, 96)
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97. An apparatus for introducing NO gas into the respiratory system of a patient, comprising:
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a source of pressurized NO gas; an NO2 analyzer; an enclosure suitable for providing an ambient atmosphere from which a patient can inhale; means for charging said atmosphere with NO from said source; and means for causing said atmosphere to have a high gas turnover rate. - View Dependent Claims (98, 99, 100, 101)
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102. An apparatus for introducing NO gas into the respiratory system of a patient, comprising:
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a source of pressurized NO gas; a ventilator comprising a ventilation circuit, said ventilation circuit comprising an NO2 analyzer; and means for controllably releasing said gas into said ventilation circuit. - View Dependent Claims (103, 104)
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105. An apparatus for introducing NO gas into the respiratory system of a mammal, comprising:
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a source of pressurized NO gas; a source of pressurized O2 -containing gas; a housing equipped with a flowmeter; an NO2 analyzer; and means for controllably releasing said gases from said sources into said housing to form a gas mixture;
said housing being configured to route said gas mixture into the respiratory system of a mammal. - View Dependent Claims (106, 107, 108, 109)
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110. An apparatus for introducing NO gas into the respiratory system of a mammal, comprising
a source of pressurized NO-containing gas; -
a source of pressurized O2 -containing gas; a gas blender; means for controllably releasing said gases from said sources into said blender, thereby forming a gas mixture which continuously flows out of said blender; a tube having a lumen in communication with said blender, said tube being configured to route said gas mixture into the respiratory system of a mammal; wherein said gas mixture contains less than 12 ppm NO2 as it exits-the apparatus. - View Dependent Claims (111, 112, 113, 114, 115)
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116. An apparatus for introducing NO gas into the respiratory system of a patient, comprising:
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a source of pressurized NO gas; an enclosure suitable for providing an ambient atmosphere from which a patient can inhale; means for charging said atmosphere with NO from said source; and means for causing said atmosphere to have a high gas turnover rate, wherein said atmosphere'"'"'s NO2 concentration does not exceed 12 ppm. - View Dependent Claims (117, 118, 119, 120, 121)
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122. An apparatus for introducing NO gas into the respiratory system of a patient, comprising:
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a source of pressurized NO gas; a ventilator comprising a ventilation circuit; and means for controllably releasing said gas into said ventilation circuit, provided that following release of said gas into said ventilation circuit, said ventilation circuit contains less than 12 ppm NO2. - View Dependent Claims (123, 124, 125)
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126. An apparatus for introducing NO gas into the respiratory system of a mammal, comprising:
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a source of pressurized NO gas; a source of pressurized O2 -containing gas; a housing equipped with a flowmeter; and means for controllably releasing said gases from said sources into said housing to form a gas mixture; said housing being configured to route said gas mixture into the respiratory system of a mammal, wherein said gas mixture contains less than 12 ppm NO2 as it exits said apparatus. - View Dependent Claims (127, 128, 129, 130, 131)
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Specification