Controlled battery charger for charging multiple batteries

• US 5,874,823 A
• Filed: 08/07/1997
• Issued: 02/23/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 09/12/1996
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Lenovo Singapore Pte Limited (Lenovo Group Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Suzuki, Keiji
• Primary Examiner(s): Tso, Edward H.
• Application Number:
  US08/908,633
• Time in Patent Office: 565 Days
• Field of Search: 320/103, 320/116, 320/118, 320/119, 320/121, 320/122, 320/123, 320/125, 320/129, 320/139, 320/160, 320/164, 320/105, 320/114, 320/120, 320/138
• US Class Current: 320/125
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0014 Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0068 Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply H02J7/0013 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/342 The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging with circuits for polarity protection H02J7/0034
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

A controlled battery charger for appropriately executing trickle charging for an electronic apparatus incorporating more than two batteries even when output terminal voltages of the incorporated batteries differ. A battery charger of the present invention includes a trickle charging circuit serially inserted between the output terminals of the first and the second batteries. An example of the trickle charging circuit is constituted by the first zener diode whose cathode is connected to the output terminal of the first battery, and the second zener diode whose cathode is connected to the output terminal of the second battery and whose anode is connected to the anode of the first zener diode, i.e., is constituted by two zener diodes serially connected in opposing directions. A resistor may be serially inserted between the anodes of the first and the second zener diodes. When the gap between the output terminal voltages Vbat1 and Vbat2 of the first and the second batteries becomes larger than the first or the second zener voltage Vz1 or Vz2, the trickle charging circuit enters the current-carrying state. For example, when the first battery is over-discharged and the gap between the output terminal voltages Vbat1 and Vbat2 is greater than the second zener voltage Vz2, the output terminals enter the current-carrying states, and a current flows from the second battery to the first battery until the gap of the voltage level is equal to or lower than the zener voltage Vz2. As a result, trickle charging for the first battery is performed by the second battery. The resistor inserted serially between the first and the second zener diodes controls the current volume that flows between the batteries in the current-carrying state into a microcurrent appropriate for trickle charging.

Claims

1. A battery charger for an electronic apparatus having a first and a second battery, comprising:

means inserted between the output terminals of the first and the second battery for entering current-carrying state only when the gap of the terminal voltage level between the batteries becomes larger than a predetermined value.

2. A battery charger for an electronic apparatus having a first and a second battery, comprising:

a first trickle charging circuit, serially inserted between output terminals of the first and the second battery, for entering current-carrying state only when the output terminal voltage of the first battery is larger by a predetermined value than the output terminal voltage of the second battery; and

a second trickle charging circuit, serially inserted between output terminals of the first and the second battery, for entering current-carrying state only when the output terminal voltage of the second battery is larger by a predetermined value than the output terminal voltage of the first battery.

3. The battery charger for an electronic apparatus having a first and a second battery, as defined in claim 2, further including a voltage converter, serially inserted between output terminals of the first and the second battery, for converting a passing current into a predetermined voltage level.

4. A battery charger for an electronic apparatus having a first and a second battery, comprising:

a first zener diode, the cathode of the first zener diode being connected to the output terminal of the first battery;

a second zener diode, the cathode of the second zener diode being connected to the output terminal of the second battery; and

a resistor serially inserted between the anodes of the first and the second zener diodes.

5. An electronic apparatus having a charging function for a first and a second battery, comprising:

means inserted between the output terminals of the first and the second battery for entering current-carrying state only when the gap of the terminal voltage level between the batteries becomes larger than a predetermined value.

6. An electronic apparatus having a charging function for a first and a second battery, comprising:

an AC adaptor for converting power from an AC power source into a DC voltage to supply the DC voltage;

a DC/DC converter for extracting an output voltage of the AC adaptor, the first or the second battery, and for converting the output voltage into a predetermined voltage and stabilizing the predetermined voltage;

a system load for receiving the output voltage by the DC/DC converter;

a charging/discharging controller for controlling charging of the first and the second batteries by the AC adaptor and discharging of the first and the second batteries;

a first trickle charging circuit, serially inserted between output terminals of the first and the second battery, for entering current-carrying state only when the output terminal voltage of the first battery is larger by a predetermined value than the output terminal voltage of the second battery; and

a second trickle charging circuit, serially inserted between output terminals of the first and the second battery, for entering current-carrying state only when the output terminal voltage of the second battery is larger by a predetermined value than the output terminal voltage of the first battery.

7. The electronic apparatus having a charging function for a first and a second battery, as defined in claim 6, further including a voltage converter, serially inserted between output terminals of the first and the second battery, for converting a passing current into a predetermined voltage level.

8. An electronic apparatus having a charging function for a first and a second battery, comprising:

an AC adaptor for converting power from an AC power source into a DC voltage tosupply the DC voltage;

a DC/DC converter for extracting an output voltage of the AC adaptor, the first or the second battery, and for converting the output voltage into a predetermined voltage and stabilizing the predetermined voltage;

a system load for receiving the output voltage by the DC/DC converter;

a charging/discharging controller for controlling charging of the first and the second batteries by the AC adaptor and discharging of the first and the second batteries;

a first zener diode, the cathode of the first zener diode being connected to the output terminal of the first battery;

a second zener diode, the cathode of the second zener diode being connected to the output terminal of the second battery; and

a resistor serially inserted between the anodes of the first and the second zener diodes.