Wideband cylindrical UHF array

• US 5,874,915 A
• Filed: 08/08/1997
• Issued: 02/23/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 08/08/1997
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Hughes Electronics Corporation (AT&T, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Raytheon Company (Rtx Corporation)
• Inventors: Schaffer, Kenneth L., Chu, Ruey S., Lee, Jar J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Tarcza, Thomas
• Assistant Examiner(s): PHAN, DAO LINDA
• Application Number:
  US08/907,569
• Time in Patent Office: 564 Days
• Field of Search: 342/375, 342/372, 342/373, 342/374, 342/154, 342/157
• US Class Current: 342/375
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 21/067 using endfire radiating aerial units transverse to the plane of the array
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 21/205 providing an omnidirectional coverage turnstile aerials H01Q21/26
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 3/242 Circumferential scanning
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 3/247 by switching different parts of a primary active element

Abstract

A wideband electronically scanned cylindrical array includes an array of end-fire radiating elements, the elements arranged in a first plurality of columns, the columns arranged radially about a center axis of the array. A beamforming network is connected to the array of radiating elements. The beamforming network includes a power divider circuit for dividing an input RF drive signal into a second plurality of drive signals, and a matrix of electronically controlled transfer switches. A true time delay network comprising a third plurality of delay lines couples respective ones of the drive signals to the matrix of transfer switches. A third plurality of transmit amplifiers is coupled to the matrix of transfer switches, each amplifier for amplifying a respective one of the drive signals. The beamforming network further includes apparatus for coupling the amplified drive signals to selected ones of the columns of radiating elements. A beamforming controller is connected to the coupling apparatus and the matrix of transfer switches for selecting sectors of the columns of radiating elements to be driven by the drive signals to form a desired beam. The columns of radiating elements are arranged in a circularly symmetric fashion about the axis in the disclosed embodiment.

Claims

1. A wideband electronically scanned cylindrical array, comprising:

an array of end-fire radiating elements, the elements arranged in a first plurality of columns, the columns arranged radially about a center axis of the array;

a beamforming network connected to the array of radiating elements, the beamforming network including;

a power divider circuit for dividing an input RF drive signal into a second plurality of drive signals;

a matrix of electronically controlled transfer switches;

a true time delay network, comprising a third plurality of delay lines coupling respective ones of said drive signals to said matrix of transfer switches;

a fourth plurality of transmit amplifiers coupled to said matrix of transfer switches, each amplifier for amplifying a respective one of the drive signals;

apparatus for coupling said amplified drive signals to selected ones of said columns of radiating elements, said selected columns forming a fifth plurality of columns; and

a beamforming controller connected to the coupling apparatus and the matrix of transfer switches for selecting sectors of said columns of radiating elements to be driven by said drive signals to form a desired beam.

2. The array of claim 1 wherein said coupling apparatus comprises a sixth plurality of selector switches controlled by said beamforming controller, each selector switch for selectively connecting a corresponding amplified drive signal to one of said fifth plurality of said columns of radiating elements.

3. The array of claim 1 wherein said columns of radiating elements are arranged in a circularly symmetric fashion about said axis.

4. The array of claim 1 further comprising a seventh plurality of phase shifter elements, each respectively connecting said matrix of transfer switches to a corresponding transmit amplifier.

5. The array of claim 4 wherein said phase shifters are variable phase shift devices controlled by said beamforming controller to provide fine steering adjustment capability.

6. The array of claim 4 wherein said power divider circuit, said true time delay network, said matrix of transfer switches and said phase shifters are low power elements.

7. The array of claim 1 further comprising a radome for housing said columns of radiating elements.

8. The array of claim 1 wherein each of said third plurality of delay lines includes a first line end connected to a power divider output port and a second end connected to said matrix of transfer switches, and wherein said matrix of transfer switches is adapted to selectively connect each of said second line ends to an input of a selected one of said transmit amplifiers.

9. The array of claim 1 wherein said columns are arranged in a circularly symmetric fashion about said axis, and said fifth plurality of columns is equal in number to one third of the number of columns in said first plurality.

10. The array of claim 1 wherein said power divider circuit is adapted to equally divide said drive signal into said second plurality of drive signals.

11. The array of claim 1 wherein each of the delay lines is fixed in length and common to all beam positions.

12. The array of claim 1 wherein said matrix is adapted to map said third plurality of delay lines into said fifth plurality of columns to equalize the differential time delays for any beam direction.

13. A wideband electronically scanned cylindrical array, comprising:

a first array of end-fire radiating elements, the elements arranged in a first plurality of columns arranged radially about a center axis of the array;

a second array of end-fire radiating elements, the elements arranged in a second plurality of columns arranged radially about said center axis;

the first array and second arrays disposed as upper and lower decks of an antenna system;

a beamforming network connected to the first and second arrays of radiating elements, the beamforming network including;

a power divider circuit for dividing an input RF drive signal into a third plurality of drive signals;

a matrix of electronically controlled transfer switches;

a true time delay network, comprising a fourth plurality of delay lines coupling respective ones of said drive signals to said matrix of transfer switches;

a fifth plurality of transmit amplifiers coupled to said matrix of transfer switches, each amplifier for amplifying a respective one of the drive signals;

apparatus for coupling said amplified drive signals to selected ones of said first and said second pluralities of columns of radiating elements, said selected columns forming a fifth plurality of columns; and

a beamforming controller connected to the coupling apparatus and the matrix of transfer switches for selecting sectors of said columns of radiating elements to be driven by said drive signals to form a desired beam.

14. The system of claim 13 wherein said coupling apparatus comprises a sixth plurality of selector switches controlled by said beamforming controller, each selector switch for selectively connecting a corresponding amplified drive signal to one of said fifth plurality of said columns of radiating elements.

15. The system of claim 13 further comprising a radome for housing said columns of radiating elements and said beam forming network.

16. The system of claim 13 wherein each of said fourth plurality of delay lines includes a first line end connected to a power divider output port and a second end connected to said matrix of transfer switches, and wherein said matrix of transfer switches is adapted to selectively connect each of said second line ends to an input of a selected one of said transmit amplifiers.

17. The system of claim 13 wherein each of the delay lines is fixed in length and common to all beam positions.

18. The system of claim 13 wherein said matrix is adapted to map said fourth plurality of delay lines into said sixth plurality of columns to equalize the differential time delays for any beam direction.