Interactive rule based system with selection feedback that parameterizes rules to constrain choices for multiple operations

• US 5,874,955 A
• Filed: 03/12/1996
• Issued: 02/23/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 02/03/1994
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Rogowitz, Bernice Ellen, Treinish, Lloyd Alan, Rabenhorst, David Alan
• Primary Examiner(s): KATBAB, ABDOLLAH
• Application Number:
  US08/615,578
• Time in Patent Office: 1,078 Days
• Field of Search: 345/326-358, 364/148.04, 364/468.1, 706/60
• US Class Current: 345/589
• CPC Class Codes: G06N 5/022 Knowledge engineering; Knowledge acquisition

Abstract

A rule based system and method interacts with a user to provide the user a series of interim results. The system has a set of one or more operations. Each of these operations in turn has a set of one or more choices, called a choice set, associated with an operation. Rule based intelligence is applied to the operations set and/or one or more operation choice set by a set of rules associated with its respective operation and/or choice set. When one or more rules in a rule set are applied to the operation set, an offered operation set is created which is a subset of the operation set. Only the operations in the offered operation set are offered to the user. When one or more rules in a rule set are applied to a choice set, an offered choice set is created which is a subset of the choice set. Only those operation choices in the offered choice set are offered to the user. The operations (operation choices) that are in the offered operation set (offered choice set) are those that conform to the constraints of the rules that are applied. The user selects operations (operation choices) from the offered operation set (offered choice set). Information about the user selections feeds back to the rules and is used to constrain the next offered operations and operation choices. The user is also permitted to change rules, rule specific metadata, and rule specific metadata algorithms as well as the data in the system. Interacting with the system this way, the user preference, knowledge, and judgment is incorporated in each of a series of interim results and is used to further develop the next interim result in the series of iterations.

Claims

1. An interactive rule based computer system comprising:

means for storing data;

an operation set of one or more operations, each operation having a choice set of one or more operation choices associated with the respective operation;

one or more rule sets, each rule set associated with one of the choice sets, and one or more of the rule sets having one or more rules that constrain the choice set to produce an offered choice set, the offered choice set having a subset of the operation choices of the choice set, the offered choice set presented to a user on an output of the computer system; and

a feed back mechanism monitoring selection information about one or more selections of operations and one or more selections of operation choices iteratively selected by the user, the selections of operation choices changing an interim result, the feed back mechanism feeding back the selection information to the rule sets, one or more rules in one or more respective rule sets parameterized by the selection information to replace the offered choice set with a new offered choice set that is constrained by the rule set parameterized by the selection information.

2. A system, as in claim 1, where the user can select which of one or more of the respective rule sets constrains the offered choice set.

3. A system, as in claim 1, where the selection information feeds back to one or more rule specific metadata means, each rule specific metadata means associated with a rule set that has one or more rules that access the selection information from the rule specific metadata means associated with the respective rule set.

4. A system, as in claims 3, where the user can change information in the metadata means that is accessed by its associated rule set.

5. A system, as in claim 3, where a metadata algorithm provides metadata to the metadata means.

6. A system, as in claim 5, where the user can change the metadata algorithm.

7. A system, as in claim 1, where the user can change one or more rules in one or more of the rule sets.

8. A system, as in claim 1, where the user selects rule weights to reflect the importance of one or more rules in one or more of the rule sets.

9. A system, as in claim 8, where the rule weights are used to resolve conflicts among the rules.

10. A system, as in claim 1, where the interim results are incomplete.

11. A system, as in claim 1, where the rules of one or more of the respective rule sets partially constrain the offered choice set so that the offered choice set has two or more operation choices.

12. A system, as in claim 1, where one or more operations, the choice set associated with the operation, and the rules constraining the choice set are an expert system.

13. An interactive rule based computer system comprising:

means for storing data;

an operation set of one or more operations, each operation having a choice set of one or more operation choices associated with the operation;

one or more rule sets, each rule set associated with a choice set and one or more rule sets having one or more rules that constrain its associated choice set to produce an offered choice set, the offered choice set having a subset of the operation choices of the choice set, the offered choice set presented to a user on an output of the computer system;

one or more operation rule sets, each operation set associated with and constraining the operation set to produce an offered operation set, the offered operation set having a subset of the operations, the offered operation set presented to a user on an output of the computer system; and

a feed back mechanism monitoring selection information about one or more selections of operations and operation choices iteratively selected by the user, the selections of operation choices changing an interim result, the feed back mechanism feeding back the selection information about the user selections to the rule sets, one or more rules in one or more rule sets using the selection information to constrain its associated choice set so that one or more of the constrained associated choice sets has some subset of its operation choices offered to the user in an offered set and the constrained operation set has some subset of its operations offered to the user in offered operation set on the output.

14. A system, as in claim 13, where the constraint on the operation set is switchable by the user.

15. A method of a user interacting with a rule based computer system comprising the steps of:

viewing a system output means that presents the user with an offered operation set having one or more operations or one or more offered choice sets, each offered choice set being a subset of a choice set and each choice set having one or more operation choices associated with an operation; and

iteratively selecting, by a user, one or more operations from the offered operation set and selecting one or more choices from one or more of the offered choice sets;

whereby the selected operations and operation choices are applied to data to produce an interim result.

16. A method, as in claim 15, further comprising the step of:

feeding back information about the selections to one or more rule sets, each rule set being associated with a choice set and one or more rules in one or more rule sets constraining its associated choice set using the selection information to produce the subset that is the offered choice set presented on the output means.

17. An interactive rule based computer system comprising:

means for storing data;

an operation set of one or more operations, each operation having a choice set of one or more operation choices associated with the operation;

one or more rule sets, each rule set associated with a choice set and one or more rule sets having one or more rules pertaining to human perception that constrain its associated choice set to produce an offered choice set, the offered choice set having a subset of the operation choices of the choice set, the offered choice set presented to a user on an output of the computer system; and

a feed back mechanism monitoring selection information about one or more selections of operations and operation choices iteratively selected by the user, the selections of operation choices changing an interim result, the feed back mechanism feeding back the selection information to the rule sets, one or more rules in one or more rule sets using the selection information to constrain its associated choice set so that one or more of the constrained associated choice sets has some subset of its operation choices offered to the user in an offered set on the output as a perceptually meaningful representation.

18. A system, as in claim 17, where the representation is one or more images with high spatial frequency and one or more of the rules constrain one or more color maps being the choice sets, the color maps constrained depending on the spatial frequency of the image so that the luminance at each point of the image varies monotonically with a data value at each respective point of the image.

19. A system, as in claim 17, where the representation is of a text and a background of the text and a luminance difference between the text and the background of the text increases as a typeface of a font of the text becomes finer.

20. A system, as in claim 17, where the representation is a text and a background of the text and a luminance difference between the text and the background of the text increases as a typeface of a font of the text becomes smaller in size.

21. A system, as in claim 17, where the representation is one or more images with low spatial frequency and one or more of the rules constrain one or more color maps being the choice sets, the color maps constrained depending on the spatial frequency of the image so that the saturation at each point of the image varies monotonically with a data value at each respective point of the image.

22. A system, as in claim 17, where the representation contains text and one or more of the rules constrain a text color of the text and a background color of a background of the text so that adequate luminance contrast is provided for legibility of the text.

23. An interactive rule based computer system comprising:

means for storing data;

an operation set of one or more operations;

one or more rule sets, each rule set associated with one of the operations, and one or more of the rule sets having one or more rules that constrain the operation to produce one or more offered operations, the offered operations being a subset of the operations, the offered operations presented to a user on an output of the computer system; and

a feed back mechanism monitoring selection information about one or more selections of operations iteratively selected by the user, the selections of operation changing an interim result, the feed back mechanism feeding back the selection information to the rule sets, one or more rules in one or more respective rule sets parameterized by the selection information to replace the offered operation set with a new offered operation set that is constrained by the rule set parameterized by the selection information.