Magnetic proximity switch system

• US 5,877,664 A
• Filed: 04/28/1997
• Issued: 03/02/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 05/08/1996
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Jackson Research, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Jackson Research, Inc.
• Inventors: Jackson, John T. Jr.
• Primary Examiner(s): DONOVAN, LINCOLN D
• Application Number:
  US08/844,968
• Time in Patent Office: 673 Days
• Field of Search: 335/205-7, 335/177-179
• US Class Current: 335/205
• CPC Class Codes: H01H 2036/0086 Movable or fixed contacts formed by permanent magnets
• CPC Class Codes: H01H 36/0073 actuated by relative movement between two magnets

Abstract

A proximity switch system includes a switch portion, configured to connect and disconnect at least one electrical path, and a magnetically active actuator. The switch portion has a casing formed of a magnetically noninteracting material, at least one electrical contact disposed in the casing, a magnetically active armature member moveable along the casing between a first position and a second position, wherein the armature member contacts the electrical contact when in the first position to connect the at least one electrical path and the armature member being electrically isolated from the electric contact when in the second position to disconnect the at least one electrical path, and a magnetically active biasing member disposed in the casing, wherein the biasing member magnetically interacts with the armature member to bias the armature member in one of the first and second positions. The magnetically active actuator is movable with respect to the switch portion between proximal and distal positions. The actuator magnetically interacts with the armature member when in the proximal position to move the armature to the other one of the first and second positions, and at least one of the armature member and the biasing member include a magnet.

Claims

1. A proximity switch system, comprising:

a switch portion configured to connect and disconnect at least one electrical path, the switch portion including;

an electrical contact forming part of the at least one electrical path;

a first magnetically active member moveable between a first position for contacting the electrical contact to connect the at least one electrical path and a second position for disconnecting the at least one electrical path, and

a second magnetically active member magnetically interacting with the first magnetically active member to station the first magnetically active member to one of the first and second positions; and

a magnetically active actuator movable relative to the switch portion between proximal and distal positions, wherein the actuator magnetically interacts with the first magnetically active member when in the proximal position for setting the first magnetically active member to the other one of the first and second positions,

wherein at least one of the first and second magnetically active members comprises a magnet and wherein when the magnetically active actuator is in the proximal position, the electrical contact is disposed between the first magnetically active member and at least one of the second magnetically active member and the magnetically active actuator.

2. The proximity switch system according to claim 1, wherein the first magnetically active member includes a permanent magnet.

3. The proximity switch system according to claim 1, wherein the second magnetically active member lacks a permanent magnet.

4. The proximity switch system according to claim 1, further comprising a casing defining a tubular cavity, the first magnetically active member being disposed in the tubular cavity.

5. The proximity switch system according to claim 1, further comprising an electrically conductive casing defining a tubular cavity, wherein the first magnetically active member is disposed in the tubular cavity, and wherein the first magnetically active member forms an electrical path between the electrical contact and the casing when the first magnetically active member is located in the first position.

6. The proximity switch system according to claim 1, further comprising a casing defining a tubular cavity and a second electrical contact, wherein the first magnetically active member is disposed in the tubular cavity, and wherein the first magnetically active member forms an electrical path between the electrical contact and the second electrical contact when the first magnetically active member is located in the first position.

7. The proximity switch system according to claim 1, further comprising a contact plate disposed on a surface of the first magnetically active member facing toward the first position, wherein the electrical contact is one of a pair of separated electrical contacts disposed at the first position, the contact plate forming an electrical path between the pair of separated electrical contacts when the first magnetically active member is located in the first position.

8. The proximity switch system according to claim 7, further comprising a second pair of separated electrical contacts disposed at the second position and a second contact plate disposed on a surface of the first magnetically active member facing toward the second position, wherein the contact plate forms an electrical path between the second pair of separated electrical contacts when the first magnetically active member is located in the second position.

9. The proximity switch system according to claim 1, further comprising a spacer disposed between the first and second magnetically active members.

10. The proximity switch system according to claim 1, wherein the magnet is an electro-magnet.

11. The proximity switch system according to claim 1, wherein the second magnetically active member is moveable such that the switch operates as a resettable latch.

12. The proximity switch system according to claim 1, further comprising a third magnetically active member, the third magnetically active member movable between third and fourth positions such that the switch operates as a tandem switch.

13. The proximity switch system according to claim 1, further comprising a casing defining a tubular cavity and a gas relief passage, wherein the first magnetically active member is disposed in the tubular cavity, and wherein the gas flow passage allows gas pressure to be equalized as the first magnetically active member moves between the first and second positions.

28. The proximity switch system according to claim 1, wherein when the magnetically active actuator is in the proximal position, the first magnetically active member, the second magnetically active member, and the magnetically active actuator are each disposed along an axis of the proximity switch system with the first magnetically active member disposed between the second magnetically active member and the magnetically active armature.

14. A proximity switch system, comprising:

a switch portion configured to connect and disconnect at least one electrical path, the switch portion including;

a casing formed of a magnetically noninteracting material,

at least one electrical contact disposed in the casing,

a magnetically active armature member moveable along the casing between a first position and a second position, the armature member contacting the electrical contact when in the first position to connect the at least one electrical path and the armature member being electrically isolated from the electrical contact when in the second position to disconnect the at least one electrical path, and

a magnetically active biasing member disposed in the casing, the biasing member magnetically interacting with the armature member to bias the armature member in one of the first and second positions; and

a magnetically active actuator movable with respect to the switch portion between proximal and distal positions, the actuator magnetically interacting with the armature member when in the proximal position to move the armature member to the other one of the first and second positions,

wherein at least one of the armature member and the biasing member comprise a magnet and wherein the electrical contact is disposed between the armature member and at least one of the biasing member and the actuator.

15. The proximity switch system according to claim 14, wherein the armature member includes a permanent magnet.

16. The proximity switch system according to claim 14, wherein the biasing member lacks a permanent magnet.

17. The proximity switch system according to claim 14, wherein the casing defines a tubular cavity, the armature member disposed in the tubular cavity.

18. The proximity switch system according to claim 14, wherein casing includes an electrically conductive material and defines a tubular cavity, wherein the armature member is disposed in the tubular cavity, and wherein the armature member forms the electrical path between the at least one electrical contact and the casing when the armature member is located in the first position.

19. The proximity switch system according to claim 14, wherein the casing defines a tubular cavity and includes a second electrical contact, wherein the armature member is disposed in the tubular cavity, and wherein the armature member forms the electrical path between the at least one electrical contact and the second electrical contact when the armature member is located in the first position.

20. The proximity switch system according to claim 14, wherein the at least one electrical contact includes a pair of separated electrical contacts disposed at the first position, wherein a contact plate is disposed on a surface of the armature member facing toward the first position, and wherein the contact plate forms the electrical path between the pair of separated electrical contacts when the armature member is located in the first position.

21. The proximity switch system according to claim 14, wherein the at least one electrical contact includes first and second pairs of separated electrical contacts disposed at the first and second positions, wherein first and second contact plates are respectively disposed on surfaces of the armature member facing toward the first position and toward the second position, wherein the first contact plate forms the electrical path between the first pair of separated electrical contacts when the armature member is located in the first position, and wherein the second contact plate forms the electrical path between the second pair of separated electrical contacts when the armature member is located in the second position.

22. The proximity switch system according to claim 14, further comprising a spacer disposed between the armature member and the biasing member.

23. The proximity switch system according to claim 14, wherein the magnet is an electro-magnet.

24. The proximity switch system according to claim 14, wherein the biasing member is moveable such that the switch portion operates as a resettable latch.

25. The proximity switch system according to claim 14, further comprising a second armature member, the second armature member movable between third and fourth positions such that the switch portion operates as a tandem switch.

26. The proximity switch system according to claim 14, wherein the casing defines a tubular cavity and a gas relief passage, wherein the armature member is disposed in the tubular cavity, and wherein the gas flow passage allows gas pressure to be equalized as the armature member moves between the first and second positions.

27. The proximity switch system according to claim 14, wherein when the actuator is in the proximal position, the armature member, the biasing member and actuator are each disposed along an axis of the proximity switch system with the armature member disposed between the biasing member and the actuator.

29. A proximity switch system, comprising:

a switch portion configured to connect and disconnect at least one electrical path, the switch portion including;

first and second electrical contacts forming part of the at least one electrical path;

a first magnetically active member moveable between a first position for contacting the first and second electrical contacts to connect the at least one electrical path and a second position for disconnecting the at least one electrical path, the first magnetically active member not contacting either the first electrical contact or the second electrical contact when in the second position, and

a second magnetically active member magnetically interacting with the first magnetically active member to station the first magnetically active member to one of the first and second positions; and

a magnetically active actuator movable relative to the switch portion between proximal and distal positions, wherein the actuator magnetically interacts with the first magnetically active member when in the proximal position for setting the first magnetically active member to the other one of the first and second positions,

wherein at least one of the first and second magnetically active members comprises a magnet.

30. The proximity switch system according to claim 29, wherein the first magnetically active member includes a permanent magnet.

31. The proximity switch system according to claim 29, further comprising a casing defining a tubular cavity, the first magnetically active member being disposed in the tubular cavity.

32. The proximity switch system according to claim 29, further comprising a contact plate disposed on a surface of the first magnetically active member facing toward the first position, wherein the contact plate forms an electrical path between the first and second electrical contacts when the first magnetically active member is located in the first position.

33. The proximity switch system according to claim 32, further comprising third and fourth electrical contacts disposed at the second position and a second contact plate disposed on a surface of the first magnetically active member facing toward the second position, wherein the contact plate forms an electrical path between the third and the fourth electrical contacts when the first magnetically active member is located in the second position.

34. The proximity switch system according to claim 29, further comprising a first pole piece formed of a magnetically active material attached to the switch portion and a second pole piece formed of a magnetically active material attached to the magnetically active actuator, the first and second pole pieces providing actuation when the actuator is off an axis defined by the movement of the first magnetically active member.

35. The proximity switch system according to claim 29, further comprising a third magnetically active member, the third magnetically active member movable between third and fourth positions such that the switch operates as a tandem switch.

36. The proximity switch system according to claim 29, further comprising a casing defining a tubular cavity and a gas relief passage, wherein the first magnetically active member is disposed in the tubular cavity, and wherein the gas flow passage allows gas pressure to be equalized as the first magnetically active member moves between the first and second positions.

37. A proximity switch system, comprising:

a switch portion configured to connect and disconnect at least one electrical path, the switch portion including;

a first magnetically active member moveable between a first position for connecting the at least one electrical path and a second position for disconnecting the at least one electrical path, the first magnetically active member having a contact surface that forms a part of the at least one electrical path when the first magnetically active member is in the first position, and

a second magnetically active member magnetically interacting with the first magnetically active member to station the first magnetically active member to one of the first and second positions; and

a magnetically active actuator movable relative to the switch portion between proximal and distal positions, wherein the actuator magnetically interacts with the first magnetically active member when in the proximal position for setting the first magnetically active member to the other one of the first and second positions,

wherein at least one of the first and second magnetically active members comprises a magnet.

38. The proximity switch system according to claim 37, further comprising a casing defining a tubular cavity, the first magnetically active member being disposed in the tubular cavity.

39. The proximity switch system according to claim 37, further comprising an electrically conductive casing defining a tubular cavity and an electrical contact disposed at the first position, wherein the first magnetically active member is disposed in the tubular cavity, and wherein the first magnetically active member forms an electrical path between the electrical contact and the casing when the first magnetically active member is located in the first position.

40. The proximity switch system according to claim 37, further comprising a casing defining a tubular cavity and first and second electrical contacts, wherein the first magnetically active member is disposed in the tubular cavity, the first electrical contact is disposed at the first position, and the first magnetically active member forming an electrical path between the first electrical contact and the second electrical contact when the first magnetically active member is located in the first position.

41. The proximity switch system according to claim 37, further comprising a first pole piece formed of a magnetically active material attached to the switch and a second pole piece formed of a magnetically active material attached to the actuator, the first and second pole pieces providing actuation when the actuator is off an axis defined by the movement of the first magnetically active member.

42. The proximity switch system according to claim 37, further comprising a third magnetically active member, the third magnetically active member movable between third and fourth positions such that the switch operates as a tandem switch.

43. The proximity switch system according to claim 37, further comprising a casing defining a tubular cavity and a gas relief passage, wherein the first magnetically active member is disposed in the tubular cavity, and wherein the gas flow passage allows gas pressure to be equalized as the first magnetically active member moves between the first and second positions.

44. A proximity switch system, comprising:

a switch portion configured to connect and disconnect at least one electrical path, the switch portion including;

a first magnetically active member moveable between a first position for connecting the at least one electrical path and a second position for disconnecting the at least one electrical path,

a contact portion attached to a surface of the first magnetically active member, the contact portion forming a part of the at least one electrical path when the first magnetically active member is in the first position, and

a second magnetically active member magnetically interacting with the first magnetically active member to station the first magnetically active member to one of the first and second positions; and

a magnetically active actuator movable relative to the switch portion between proximal and distal positions, wherein the actuator magnetically interacts with the first magnetically active member when in the proximal position for setting the first magnetically active member to the other one of the first and second positions,

wherein at least one of the first and second magnetically active members comprises a magnet.

45. The proximity switch system according to claim 44, further comprising a casing defining a tubular cavity, the first magnetically active member being disposed in the tubular cavity.

46. The proximity switch system according to claim 44, further comprising an electrically conductive casing defining a tubular cavity and an electrical contact disposed at the first position, wherein the first magnetically active member is disposed in the tubular cavity, and wherein the first magnetically active member forms an electrical path between the electrical contact and the casing when the first magnetically active member is located in the first position.

47. The proximity switch system according to claim 44, wherein the contact portion includes a contact plate.

48. The proximity switch system according to claim 44, further comprising a pair of separated electrical contacts disposed at the first position, wherein the contact portion forms an electrical path between the pair of separated electrical contacts when the first magnetically active member is located in the first position.

49. The proximity switch system according to claim 48, further comprising a second pair of separated electrical contacts disposed at the second position and a second contact portion disposed on a surface of the first magnetically active member, wherein the contact plate forms an electrical path between the second pair of separated electrical contacts when the first magnetically active member is located in the second position.

50. The proximity switch system according to claim 44, further comprising a first pole piece formed of a magnetically active material attached to the switch and a second pole piece formed of a magnetically active material attached to the actuator, the first and second pole pieces providing actuation when the actuator is off an axis defined by the movement of the first magnetically active member.

51. The proximity switch system according to claim 44, further comprising a third magnetically active member, the third magnetically active member movable between third and fourth positions such that the switch operates as a tandem switch.

52. A proximity switch system, comprising:

a switch portion configured to connect and disconnect at least one electrical path, the switch portion including;

an electrically conductive casing forming part of the at least one electrical path;

an electrical contact forming part of the at least one electrical path;

a first magnetically active member moveable between a first position for electrically connecting the electrical contact with the casing to connect the at least one electrical path and a second position for disconnecting the at least one electrical path, and

a second magnetically active member magnetically interacting with the first magnetically active member to station the first magnetically active member to one of the first and second positions; and

a magnetically active actuator movable relative to the switch portion between proximal and distal positions, wherein the actuator magnetically interacts with the first magnetically active member when in the proximal position for setting the first magnetically active member to the other one of the first and second positions,

wherein at least one of the first and second magnetically active members comprises a magnet.

53. The proximity switch system according to claim 52, wherein the first magnetically active member includes a contact portion on a surface thereof.

54. A proximity switch system, comprising:

a switch portion configured to connect and disconnect at least one electrical path, the switch portion including;

an electrically conductive casing formed of a magnetically noninteracting material,

at least one electrical contact disposed in the casing,

a magnetically active armature member moveable along the casing between a first position and a second position, the armature member connecting the at least one electrical path between the electrical contact and the casing when the armature member is in the first position and the armature member being electrically isolated from the electrical contact when in the second position to disconnect the at least one electrical path, and

a magnetically active biasing member disposed in the casing, the biasing member magnetically interacting with the armature member to bias the armature member in one of the first and second positions;

and

a magnetically active actuator movable with respect to the switch portion between proximal and distal positions, the actuator magnetically interacting with the armature member when in the proximal position to move the armature member to the other one of the first and second positions,

wherein at least one of the armature member and the biasing member comprise a magnet.

55. The proximity switch system according to claim 54, wherein the armature member includes a contact portion on a surface thereof.

56. A proximity switch system, comprising:

a switch portion configured to connect and disconnect at least one electrical path, the switch portion including;

a casing formed of a magnetically noninteracting material,

first and second electrical contacts disposed in the casing,

a magnetically active armature member moveable along the casing between a first position and a second position, the armature member contacting both the first and second electrical contacts when in the first position to connect the at least one electrical path and the armature member being electrically isolated from both the first and the second electrical contact when in the second position to disconnect the at least one electrical path, and

a magnetically active biasing member disposed in the casing, the biasing member magnetically interacting with the armature member to bias the armature member in one of the first and second positions;

and

a magnetically active actuator movable with respect to the switch portion between proximal and distal positions, the actuator magnetically interacting with the armature member when in the proximal position to move the armature member to the other one of the first and second positions,

wherein at least one of the armature member and the biasing member comprise a magnet.

57. The proximity switch system according to claim 56, wherein the armature member includes a permanent magnet.

58. The proximity switch system according to claim 56, wherein the armature member includes a contact plate on the surface thereof, the contact plate forming the electrical path between the first and second electrical contacts when the armature member is located in the first position.

59. The proximity switch system according to claim 58, further comprising third and fourth electrical contacts disposed in the casing, wherein a second contact plate is disposed on a surface of the armature member to form an electrical path between the third and fourth electrical contacts when the armature member is located in the second position.

60. The proximity switch system according to claim 56, further comprising a first pole piece formed of a magnetically active material attached to the switch portion and a second pole piece formed of a magnetically active material attached to the actuator, the first and second pole pieces providing actuation when the actuator is off an axis defined by the movement of the armature member.

61. The proximity switch system according to claim 56, further comprising a second armature member, the second armature member movable between third and fourth positions such that the switch portion operates as a tandem switch.

62. The proximity switch system according to claim 56, wherein the casing defines a tubular cavity and a gas relief passage, wherein the armature member is disposed in the tubular cavity, and wherein the gas flow passage allows gas pressure to be equalized as the armature member moves between the first and second positions.

63. A proximity switch system, comprising:

a switch portion configured to connect and disconnect at least one electrical path, the switch portion including;

a casing formed of a magnetically noninteracting material,

at least one electrical contact disposed in the casing,

a magnetically active armature member moveable along the casing between a first position and a second position, the armature member having a contact surface that contacts the electrical contact and forms a part of the at least one electrical path when the armature member is in the first position, the armature member being electrically isolated from the electrical contact when in the second position to disconnect the at least one electrical path, and

a magnetically active biasing member disposed in the casing, the biasing member magnetically interacting with the armature member to bias the armature member in one of the first and second positions;

and

a magnetically active actuator movable with respect to the switch portion between proximal and distal positions, the actuator magnetically interacting with the armature member when in the proximal position to move the armature member to the other one of the first and second positions,

wherein at least one of the armature member and the biasing member comprise a magnet.

64. The proximity switch system according to claim 63, wherein the casing includes an electrically conductive material and defines a tubular cavity, wherein the armature member is disposed in the tubular cavity, and wherein the armature member forms the electrical path between the at least one electrical contact and the casing when the armature member is located in the first position.

65. The proximity switch system according to claim 63, wherein the at least one electrical contact includes a pair of separated electrical contacts, and wherein the contact surface forms the electrical path between the pair of separated electrical contacts when the armature member is located in the first position.

66. The proximity switch system according to claim 63, further comprising a first pole piece formed of a magnetically active material attached to the switch portion and a second pole piece formed of a magnetically active material attached to the actuator, the first and second pole pieces providing actuation when the actuator is off an axis defined by the movement of the armature member.

67. The proximity switch system according to claim 63, further comprising a second armature member, the second armature member movable between third and fourth positions such that the switch portion operates as a tandem switch.

68. The proximity switch system according to claim 63, wherein the casing defines a tubular cavity and a gas relief passage, wherein the armature member is disposed in the tubular cavity, and wherein the gas flow passage allows gas pressure to be equalized as the armature member moves between the first and second positions.

69. A proximity switch system, comprising:

a switch portion configured to connect and disconnect at least one electrical path, the switch portion including;

a casing formed of a magnetically noninteracting material,

at least one electrical contact disposed in the casing,

a magnetically active armature member moveable along the casing between a first position and a second position,

a contact portion attached to a surface of the armature member, the contact portion contacting the electrical contact and forming a part of the at least one electrical path when the armature member is in the first position and the at least one electrical path being disconnected when the armature member is in the second position, and

a magnetically active biasing member disposed in the casing, the biasing member magnetically interacting with the armature member to bias the armature member in one of the first and second positions;

and

a magnetically active actuator movable with respect to the switch portion between proximal and distal positions, the actuator magnetically interacting with the armature member when in the proximal position to move the armature member to the other one of the first and second positions,

wherein at least one of the armature member and the biasing member comprise a magnet.

70. The proximity switch system according to claim 69, wherein the at least one electrical contact includes a pair of separated electrical contacts disposed at the first position, wherein the contact portion is disposed on a surface of the armature member facing toward the first position, and wherein the contact portion forms the electrical path between the pair of separated electrical contacts when the armature member is located in the first position.

71. The proximity switch system according to claim 69, wherein the at least one electrical contact includes first and second pairs of separated electrical contacts disposed at the first and second positions, wherein the contact portion includes first and second contact portions respectively disposed on surfaces of the armature member facing toward the first position and toward the second position, wherein the first contact portion forms the electrical path between the first pair of separated electrical contacts when the armature member is located in the first position, and wherein the second contact portion forms the electrical path between the second pair of separated electrical contacts when the armature member is located in the second position.

72. The proximity switch system according to claim 69, further comprising a first pole piece formed of a magnetically active material attached to the switch portion and a second pole piece formed of a magnetically active material attached to the actuator, the first and second pole pieces providing actuation when the actuator is off an axis defined by the movement of the armature member.

73. The proximity switch system according to claim 69, wherein the casing defines a tubular cavity and a gas relief passage, wherein the armature member is disposed in the tubular cavity, and wherein the gas flow passage allows gas pressure to be equalized as the armature member moves between the first and second positions.

74. The proximity switch system according to claim 69, wherein the contact portion includes a contact plate.

75. A magnetic proximity switch configured to connect and disconnect at least one electrical path, comprising:

first and second electrical contacts forming part of the at least one electrical path;

a magnetically active armature member moveable according to an external magnetic field between a first position and a second position, the armature member contacting both the first and second electrical contacts when in the first position to connect the at least one electrical path and the armature member being electrically isolated from both the first and the second electrical contact when in the second position to disconnect the at least one electrical path; and

a magnetically active biasing member magnetically interacting with the armature member to bias the armature member in one of the first and second positions in the absence of the external magnetic field.