Coding apparatus having adaptive coding at different bit rates and pitch emphasis

• US 5,878,387 A
• Filed: 09/29/1995
• Issued: 03/02/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 03/23/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba (Toshiba Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba (Toshiba Corporation)
• Inventors: Oshikiri, Masahiro, Miseki, Kimio, Akamine, Masami, Amada, Tadashi
• Primary Examiner(s): Hudspeth, David R.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Chawan, Vijay B.
• Application Number:
  US08/537,276
• Time in Patent Office: 1,250 Days
• Field of Search: 395/2.1, 395/2.12, 395/2.16, 395/2.18, 395/2.19, 395/2.2, 395/2.25, 395/2.28, 395/2.29, 395/2.31, 395/2.3
• US Class Current: 704/207
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 19/005 Correction of errors induced by the transmission channel, if related to the coding algorithm
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 19/06 Determination or coding of the spectral characteristics, e.g. of the short-term prediction coefficients
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 19/09 Long term prediction, i.e. removing periodical redundancies, e.g. by using adaptive codebook or pitch predictor
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 2019/0011 Long term prediction filters, i.e. pitch estimation

Abstract

The coding apparatus comprises an adaptive codebook storing excitation signals as vectors, a synthesis filter for forming a synthesis signal, referring to the vectors stored in the adaptive codebook, a similarity computation circuit for computing a similarity between the synthesis signal obtained by the synthesis filter and a target signal, and a coding scheme determining circuit for deciding one coding scheme from a plurality of coding schemes respectively having coding bit rates different from each other, on the basis of the similarity obtained by the similarity computation circuit.

Claims

1. A coding apparatus comprising:

an input terminal to which an input signal is supplied;

an adaptive codebook for storing excitation signals as vectors;

a synthesis filter for forming a synthesis signal from the vectors stored in the adaptive codebook;

similarity calculation means for calculating a similarity between the synthesis signal obtained by the synthesis filter and an input signal;

coding scheme determining means for determined one coding scheme from a plurality of coding schemes respectively having coding bit rates different from each other, on the basis of the similarity obtained by the similarity calculation means; and

coding means for coding the input signal in accordance with the coding scheme determined.

2. The coding apparatus according to claim 1, which includes pitch analysis means for analyzing a pitch of the input signal to obtain pitch information and designating said adaptive codebook by the pitch information, and wherein said adaptive codebook outputs a reference vector designated by the pitch information to said synthesis filter.

3. The coding apparatus according to claim 1, which includes means for searching all reference vectors stored in said adaptive codebook for a reference vector that the similarity obtained by said similarity calculation means indicates a maximum value, and said coding scheme determining means selects one from among the plurality of coding schemes in accordance with the similarity which is calculated by said similarity calculation means in accordance with the reference value searched by said searching means.

4. The coding apparatus according to claim 1, which includes pitch analysis means for analyzing a pitch of the input signal to obtain pitch information, and means for storing pitch information obtained from a past input signal, said adaptive codebook reads out the reference vector designated by the pitch information to said synthesis filter, said synthesis filter forms a synthesis signal corresponding to a current input signal from the reference vector read out from said adaptive codebook, and said similarity calculation means calculates a similarity between the synthesis signal and the current input signal.

5. The coding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said coding means includes a plurality of coders of different coding schemes, and means for selecting one from among the plurality of coders in accordance with the coding scheme determined by said determining means.

6. A coding apparatus comprising:

pitch analysis means for analyzing an input signal to detect a pitch period and a pitch gain;

emphasis means for emphasizing the input signal to emphasize signal components contained in the input signal in units of the pitch period, using the detected pitch period and pitch gain; and

coding means for coding the input signal emphasized by said emphasis means.

7. The coding apparatus according to claim 6, wherein said pitch analysis means includes means for predicting a current input signal, using an input signal obtained before a predetermined time, to generate a prediction signal, and means for calculating a pitch period and a pitch gain at which a prediction error signal between the prediction signal and the input signal has a maximum power.

8. The coding apparatus according to claim 6, wherein said pitch emphasis means emphasizes the input signal in units of the pitch period in accordance with the following equation to output a pitch emphasized signal;

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">b(n)=G·

a(n)+g·

ε

b(n-T)

where G;

gain, g;

pitch gain, ε

<

1, T;

pitch period.

9. A coding apparatus comprising:

LPC analysis means for LPC-analyzing an input signal to detect a pitch period and a LPC coefficient;

a prediction filter arranged on the basis of the LPC coefficient to obtain a prediction residual signal from the input signal;

pitch emphasis means for emphasizing the prediction residual signal in units of the pitch period;

a synthesis filter arranged on the basis of the LPC coefficient for forming an input signal emphasized in units of the pitch period from the prediction residual signal; and

coding means for coding the input signal emphasized in units of the pitch period.

10. The coding apparatus according to claim 9, wherein said pitch emphasis means comprises pitch analysis means for obtaining a pitch period and a pitch gain at which the prediction residual signal has a minimum power, and a pitch emphasis circuit for emphasizing the prediction residual signal in units of the pitch period, using the pitch period and pitch gain.

11. The coding apparatus according to claim 10, wherein said pitch emphasis means emphasizes the input signal in units of the pitch period in accordance with the following equation to output a pitch emphasized signal;

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">b(n)=G·

a(n)+g·

ε

b(n-T)

where G;

gain, g;

pitch gain, ε

<

1, T;

pitch period.

12. A coding method comprising the steps of:

analyzing an input signal to detect a pitch period and a pitch gain;

emphasizing the input signal in units of the pitch period, using the pitch period and pitch gain; and

coding the input signal emphasized in units of the pitch period.

13. A coding method comprising the steps of:

analyzing an input signal to obtain a LPC coefficient and a pitch period;

obtaining a prediction residual signal, using a prediction filter arranged on the basis of the LPC coefficient;

emphasizing the prediction residual signal in units of the pitch period to obtain a pitch-emphasized prediction residual signal;

forming an input signal emphasized in units of the pitch period from the pitch-emphasized prediction residual signal, using a synthesis filter arranged on the basis of the LPC coefficient; and

coding the input signal emphasized in units of the pitch period.