Needle-syringe assembly for guidewire insertion

• US 5,879,338 A
• Filed: 03/19/1996
• Issued: 03/09/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 08/23/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Sudha S. Mahurkar Trust
• Original Assignee: Sakharam D. Mahurkar
• Inventors: Mahurkar, Sakharam D.
• Primary Examiner(s): STRIGHT, RONALD K
• Application Number:
  US08/618,624
• Time in Patent Office: 1,085 Days
• Field of Search: 604/110, 604/158, 604/159, 604/161, 604/164-165, 604/167, 604/169, 604/170, 604/188, 604/181, 604/187, 604/194-198, 604/218, 604/239, 604/240-243 , 604/236-238, 606/108, 600/433-435, 600/585, 600/573, 600/576, 600/578, 600/589, 226/127, 226/129, 226/130
• US Class Current: 604/195
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/15003 for venous or arterial blood
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/150236 Pistons, i.e. cylindrical bodies that sit inside the syringe barrel, typically with an air tight seal, and slide in the barrel to create a vacuum or to expel blood
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/150244 Rods for actuating or driving the piston, i.e. the cylindrical body that sits inside the syringe barrel, typically with an air tight seal, and slides in the barrel to create a vacuum or to expel blood
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/150259 Improved gripping, e.g. with high friction pattern or projections on the housing surface or an ergonometric shape
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/150389 Hollow piercing elements, e.g. canulas, needles, for piercing the skin
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/150503 Single-ended needles hollow piercing element tip design A61B5/150396, needle sets for catheters A61M25/06, needles for bringing media into the body A61M5/32
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/150633 Protective sleeves which are axially extensible, e.g. sleeves connected to, or integrated in, the piercing or driving device; pivotable protective sleeves
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/150916 by blocking components, e.g. piston, driving device or fluid passageway
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/153 Devices specially adapted for taking samples of venous or arterial blood, e.g. with syringes
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2005/3228 the needle being retracted by a member protruding laterally through a slot in the barrel, e.g. double-ended needles
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/322 Retractable needles, i.e. disconnected from and withdrawn into the syringe barrel by the piston devices for protecting guide needles in combination with catheters A61M25/0612
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 128/919 Syringe, means to protect user

Abstract

A needle-syringe for inserting a guidewire G in a patient comprises a barrel 10 and a hollow nozzle 15 opening into the interior of the barrel 10. It comprises a plunger 11 slidably mounted in the barrel 10 and a needle holder 14 slidably mounted in the longitudinal cavity of the plunger 11. A hollow guide member is mounted between the proximal ends of the needle holder 14 and the plunger 11 for guiding a guidewire G from the proximal end of the plunger 11 to the proximal end of the needle holder 14. The needle holder 14 includes a valve member for passing a guidewire G through the needle holder 14 while preventing blood from flowing between the interiors of the needle holder 14 and the hollow guide member. The guide member engages and retracts the needle holder 14 in response to relative rotational movement between the barrel 10 and the needle holder 14.

Claims

1. A needle-syringe assembly for inserting a guidewire in a patient, comprising:

an elongated, generally cylindrical barrel forming a hollow nozzle located at the distal end of said barrel and opening into the interior of said barrel;

a plunger slidably mounted in said barrel and forming a longitudinal cavity;

a hollow needle holder slidably mounted in said longitudinal cavity of said plunger;

hollow guide means mounted between the proximal ends of said needle holder and said plunger for guiding a guidewire from the proximal end of said plunger to the proximal end of said needle holder,

said needle holder including valve means for passing a guidewire therethrough while preventing blood from flowing between the interiors of said needle holder and said hollow guide means,

guide means forming a spiral channel extending along a proximal end portion of said barrel for engaging a lateral extension of said needle holder and retracting said needle holder within the barrel in response to relative rotational movement between the barrel and the needle holder, said lateral extension extending from said longitudinal cavity; and

latching means on said barrel for latching and unlatching said lateral extension of said needle holder at the distal end of said spiral channel.

2. The needle-syringe assembly of claim 1 wherein said hollow guide means comprises first and second of telescoping tubular members extending between the proximal ends of said needle holder and said plunger to permit relative longitudinal movement between said needle holder and plunger, the distal end of said first tubular member being attached to said needle holder, and the proximal end of said second tubular member extending through the proximal end of said plunger.

3. The needle-syringe assembly of claim 2 wherein said second tubular member includes means for preventing the proximal end of said second tubular member from moving inside the plunger.

4. The needle-syringe assembly of claim 2 wherein the proximal end of said plunger forms an opening into the interior of said telescoping tubular members for permitting the insertion of a guidewire into said tubular members.

5. The needle-syringe assembly of claim 2 wherein the interior of said telescoping tubular members is longitudinally aligned with, and in communication with, the interior of said needle holder.

6. The needle-syringe assembly of claim 1 wherein said plunger includes contacting means extending transversely across the interior of said barrel and sliding along the interior surface of said guide means that forms said spiral channel so as to maintain the desired configuration of that surface and thereby ensure engagement of said needle holder with said spiral channel.

7. The needle-syringe assembly of claim 6 wherein said contacting means includes a circular plate formed as an integral part of said plunger.

8. The needle-syringe assembly of claim 6 wherein said contacting means also includes a plurality of longitudinal elements formed as integral parts of said plunger and sliding along the interior surface of said guide means to maintain the desired configuration of that surface.

9. The needle-syringe assembly of claim 1 wherein said latching means comprises a blocking element slidably mounted on said barrel for reciprocating movement between a blocking position within said spiral channel and a non-blocking position outside said spiral channel.

10. The needle-syringe assembly of claim 9 wherein said latching means includes a manually actuatable handle attached to said blocking element and exposed on the outer surface of said barrel for effecting sliding movement of said blocking element.

11. The needle-syringe assembly of claim 1 wherein said spiral channel is formed in the wall of said barrel and extends radially through the wall of said barrel.

12. The needle-syringe assembly of claim 11 which includes an outer sleeve telescoped over said barrel and covering at least a distal end portion of said spiral channel.

13. The needle-syringe assembly of claim 1 wherein said spiral channel includes means at the proximal end thereof for resisting advancing movement of said needle holder after it has been fully retracted.

14. The needle-syringe assembly of claim 13 wherein said means at the proximal end of said spiral channel is a detent.

15. The needle-syringe assembly of claim 1 wherein said valve means comprises a pair of oppositely facing dome valves.

16. The needle-syringe assembly of claim 1 wherein said lateral extension includes a lateral arm extending laterally through said plunger cavity to said barrel, and said latching means is mounted for movement in and out of said spiral channel for capturing and releasing said needle holder arm at the distal end of said spiral channel.

17. The needle-syringe assembly of claim 1 wherein said latching means is slidably mounted in a slot formed in said barrel and opening into said spiral channel at one end of the channel.

18. The needle-syringe assembly of claim 1 which includes a hollow needle attached to the distal end of said needle holder.

19. The needle-syringe assembly of claim 1 wherein said latching means includes a slidable plate which forms a distal end portion of a side wall of said spiral channel when said plate is in a retracted (open) position, and which blocks said channel and captures said needle holder at the distal end of said channel when said plate is in an advanced (closed) position.

20. A needle-syringe assembly, comprising:

an elongated, generally cylindrical barrel forming a hollow nozzle located at the distal end of said barrel and opening into the interior of said barrel;

a plunger slidably mounted in said barrel and forming a longitudinal cavity;

a needle holder slidably mounted in said longitudinal cavity of said plunger;

hollow guide means mounted between the proximal ends of said needle holder and said plunger for guiding a guidewire from the proximal ends of said plunger to the proximal end of said needle holder,

said needle holder including valve means for passing a guidewire therethrough while preventing blood from flowing between the interiors of said needle holder and said hollow guide means,

said barrel forming a spiral channel extending along a proximal end portion of said barrel for engaging a lateral extension of said needle holder and retracting said needle holder within the barrel in response to relative rotational movement between the barrel and the needle holder, said lateral extension extending from said longitudinal cavity. said spiral channel extending through the wall of said barrel.

21. The needle-syringe assembly of claim 20 which includes latching means movably mounted on said barrel for movement into and out of engagement with said lateral extension of said needle holder for latching and unlatching said needle holder at the distal end of said spiral channel.

22. The needle-syringe assembly of claim 21 wherein said latching means is slidably mounted in a slot formed in said barrel and opening into said spiral channel at one end.

23. The needle-syringe assembly of claim 20 wherein said latching means comprises a blocking element slidably mounted on said barrel for reciprocating movement between a blocking position within said spiral channel and a non-blocking position outside said spiral channel.

24. The needle-syringe assembly of claim 23 wherein said latching means includes a manually actuatable handle attached to said blocking element and exposed on the outer surface of said barrel for effecting sliding movement of said blocking element.

25. The needle-syringe assembly of claim 23 wherein said contacting means includes a circular plate formed as an integral part of said plunger.

26. The needle-syringe assembly of claim 25 wherein said contacting means also includes a plurality of longitudinal elements formed as integral parts of said plunger and sliding along the interior surface of said guide means to maintain the desired configuration of that surface.

27. The needle-syringe assembly of claim 20 which includes a solid sleeve telescoped over said barrel and attached thereto, said sleeve covering at least a distal portion of said spiral channel.

28. The needle-syringe assembly of claim 20 wherein said lateral extension includes a lateral arm extending laterally through said plunger cavity to said barrel, and which includes latching means mounted for movement in and out of said spiral channel for capturing and releasing said needle holder arm at the distal end of said spiral channel.

29. The needle-syringe assembly of claim 20 which includes a hollow needle attached to the distal end of said needle holder.

30. The needle-syringe assembly of claim 20 wherein said plunger includes contacting means extending transversely across the interior of said barrel and sliding along the interior surface of said guide means that forms said spiral channel so as to maintain the desired configuration of that surface and thereby ensure engagement of said needle holder with said spiral channel.

31. A needle-syringe assembly for inserting a guidewire in a patient, comprising

a barrel, a plunger within the barrel for sliding longitudinal movement and rotational movement relative to the barrel, and a hollow needle holder within the plunger for sliding longitudinal movement relative to the plunger, said needle holder being moveable beyond the distal end of said plunger for advancing a needle through and beyond the distal end of said barrel,

sealing means at the distal end of the needle holder for sealing the interface between the barrel and the needle holder against fluid flow when the needle holder is in its most distal position,

hollow guide means mounted between the proximal ends of said needle holder and said plunger for guiding a guidewire from the proximal ends of said plunger to the proximal end of said needle holder,

said needle holder including valve means for passing a guidewire therethrough while preventing blood from flowing between the interiors of said needle holder and said hollow guide means,

means for retracting said needle holder relative to said barrel in response to relative rotational movement between the plunger and the barrel, and

latch means for selectively locking said needle holder to said barrel to prevent relative rotational movement therebetween.

32. A needle-syringe assembly for inserting a guidewire in a patient, comprising:

an elongated, generally cylindrical barrel forming a hollow nozzle located at the distal end of said barrel and opening into the interior of said barrel;

a plunger slidably mounted in said barrel and forming a longitudinal cavity;

a hollow needle holder slidably mounted in said longitudinal cavity of said plunger;

hollow guide means mounted between the proximal ends of said needle holder and said plunger for guiding a guidewire from the proximal end of said plunger to the proximal end of said needle holder,

said needle holder including valve means for passing a guidewire therethrough while preventing blood from flowing between the interiors of said needle holder and said hollow guide means,

guide means forming a spiral channel extending along a proximal end portion of said barrel, a portion of said needle holder extending laterally into said channel for retracting said needle holder within the barrel in response to relative rotational movement between the barrel and the needle holder; and

latching means movably mounted on said barrel for movement into and out of engagement with said portion of said needle holder that extends laterally into said channel for latching and unlatching said needle holder at the distal end of said spiral channel.

33. A needle-syringe assembly, comprising:

an elongated, generally cylindrical barrel forming a hollow nozzle located at the distal end of said barrel and opening into the interior of said barrel;

a plunger slidably mounted in said barrel and forming a longitudinal cavity;

a needle holder slidably mounted in said longitudinal cavity of said plunger;

hollow guide means mounted between the proximal ends of said needle holder and said plunger for guiding a guidewire from the proximal end of said plunger to the proximal end of said needle holder,

said needle holder including valve means for passing a guidewire therethrough while preventing blood from flowing between the interiors of said needle holder and said hollow guide means,

said barrel forming a spiral channel extending along a proximal end portion of said barrel, a portion of said needle holder extending laterally into said channel for retracting said needle holder within the barrel in response to relative rotational movement between the barrel and the needle holder, said spiral channel extending through the wall of said barrel.