Control structure for sound synthesis
First Claim
1. A method of producing sound data for a desired sound having a temporal progression, comprising the steps of:
- applying to an adaptive function mapper control parameters including;
a time parameter, said time parameter specifying from among an ordered sequence of points a particular point within said temporal progression; and
at least one parameter selected from the set of timbre space coordinates, pitch, Δ
pitch, articulation and dynamic; and
using the adaptive function mapper, mapping from the control parameters to synthesis parameters to be applied to a sound synthesizer.
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Abstract
An improved control structure for music synthesis is provided in which: 1) the sound representation provided to the adaptive function mapper allows for a greatly increased degree of control over the sound produced; and 2) training of the adaptive function mapper is performed using an error measure, or error norm, that greatly facilitates learning while ensuring perceptual identity of the produced sound with the training example. In accordance with one embodiment of the invention, sound data is produced by applying to an adaptive function mapper control parameters including: at least one parameter selected from the set of time and timbre space coordinates; and at least one parameter selected from the set of pitch, Δpitch, articulation and dynamic. Using an adaptive function mapper, mapping is performed from the control parameters to synthesis parameters to be applied to a sound synthesizer. In accordance with another embodiment of the invention, an adaptive function mapper is trained to produce, in accordance with information stored in a mapping store, synthesis parameters to be applied to a sound synthesizer, by steps including: analyzing sounds to produce sound parameters describing the sounds; further analyzing the sound parameters to produce control parameters; applying the control parameters to the adaptive function mapper, the adaptive function mapper in response producing trial synthesis parameters comparable to the sound parameters; deriving from the sound parameters and the trial synthesis parameters an error measure in accordance with a perceptual error norm in which at least some error contributions are weighted in approximate degree to which they are perceived by the human ear during synthesis; and adapting the information stored in the mapping store in accordance with the error measure.
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Citations
30 Claims
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1. A method of producing sound data for a desired sound having a temporal progression, comprising the steps of:
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applying to an adaptive function mapper control parameters including; a time parameter, said time parameter specifying from among an ordered sequence of points a particular point within said temporal progression; and at least one parameter selected from the set of timbre space coordinates, pitch, Δ
pitch, articulation and dynamic; andusing the adaptive function mapper, mapping from the control parameters to synthesis parameters to be applied to a sound synthesizer. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
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10. A method of training an adaptive function mapper to produce, in accordance with information stored in a mapping store, synthesis parameters to be applied to a sound synthesizer, the method comprising the steps of:
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analyzing sounds to produce sound parameters describing the sounds; further analyzing the sound parameters to produce control parameters; applying the control parameters to the adaptive function mapper, the adaptive function mapper in response producing trial synthesis parameters comparable to the sound parameters; deriving from the sound parameters and the trial synthesis parameters an error measure in accordance with a perceptual error norm in which at least some error contributions are weighted in approximate degree to which an analytical model of human auditory perception predicts that they will be perceived by the human ear during synthesis; and adapting the information stored in the mapping store in accordance with the error measure. - View Dependent Claims (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21)
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22. An apparatus for producing sound data for a desired sound having a temporal progression, comprising:
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an adaptive function mapper; means for applying to the adaptive function mapper control parameters including; at least one parameter selected from the set of time and timbre space coordinates; and at least one parameter selected from the set of pitch, Δ
pitch, articulation and dynamic; andthe adaptive function mapper comprising means for mapping from the control parameters to synthesis parameters to be applied to a sound synthesizer; wherein said time parameter specifies from among an ordered sequence of points a particular point within said temporal progression.
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23. An apparatus for producing synthesis parameters to be applied to a sound synthesizer, the apparatus comprising:
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an adaptive function mapper; a mapping store coupled to the adaptive function mapper means for analyzing sounds to produce sound parameters describing the sounds; means for further analyzing the sound parameters to produce control parameters; means for applying the control parameters to the adaptive function mapper, the adaptive function mapper in response producing trial synthesis parameters comparable to the sound parameters; means for deriving from the sound parameters and the trial synthesis parameters an error measure in accordance with a perceptual error norm in which at least some error contributions are weighted in approximate degree to which an analytical model of human auditory perception predicts that they will be perceived by the human ear during synthesis; and means for adapting the information stored in the mapping store in accordance with the error measure.
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24. A method of producing sound data, comprising the steps of:
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applying to an adaptive function mapper a trigger input signal; and using the adaptive function mapper, producing synthesis parameters to be applied to a sound synthesizer, said synthesis parameters including a time constant representative of a decaying exponential function of time. - View Dependent Claims (25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30)
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Specification