Power sharing device

• US 5,883,445 A
• Filed: 10/22/1996
• Issued: 03/16/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 10/22/1996
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Frank T. Holman
• Original Assignee: Frank T. Holman
• Inventors: Holman, Frank T.
• Primary Examiner(s): Shoop, Jr., William M.
• Assistant Examiner(s): PALADINI, ALBERT WILLIAM
• Application Number:
  US08/731,878
• Time in Patent Office: 875 Days
• Field of Search: 307/38, 307/3.1, 307/19, 307/41, 307/139, 307/140, 307/141, 323/267, 323/272
• US Class Current: 307/38
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/50 for selectively controlling the operation of the loads
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/14 by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/3225 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/222 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving

Abstract

A power sharing device is disclosed, having a primary utility in supplying power to automotive block heaters or other auto warming devices at a user selectable duty cycle of 12.5% or 25%. In a first mode, power is supplied to 4 outlets in a sequential manner, for 15 minutes each. In a second mode, power is supplied to the 4 outlets in a sequential manner, for 7.5 minutes each, followed by a period of 7.5 minutes in which power is not supplied. The user may elect to initiate a delay period, that is selectable between 1 and 2 hours, to precede the sequence of power distribution, allowing time for the car to cool before the power cycles begin. A test circuit, activated by a pushbutton, allows a user to distinguish between the periods of time when power is not being supplied to an outlet as a part of the sequential sharing of power between outlets and a circuit malfunction, such as a blown fuse.

Claims

1. A power sharing device, comprising:

(a) a power cord, adapted to be inserted into a standard electrical outlet, thereby providing appropriate voltages to a line current conductor, a neutral current conductor and a ground current conductor;

(b) delay period choice switch means for allowing the user to select an initial delay period, typically of either one hour or two hours;

(c) power cycle choice switch means for allowing the selection of a first or a second power cycle period;

(d) delay pushbutton switch means for initiating a delay period;

(e) power supply means, connected to the line and neutral conductors, for producing a regulated supply of low voltage direct current;

(f) microcontroller means, having at least 3 input and 4 output lines, attached to the regulated supply of low voltage direct current, where the three input lines are connected to the delay period choice switch, the power cycle choice switch and the delay pushbutton switch, for upon either power being applied to the microcontroller or activation of the delay pushbutton switch, checking to see the status of the delay period switch and the power cycle switch and for executing either a one hour or a two hour delay in response to the setting of the delay period switch, and for, following the delay, activating the output lines in sequence for either 15 minutes if the power cycle choice switch was set to a first setting or for activating the output lines in sequence for 7.5 minutes followed by a 7.5 minute period where no output line was activated if the power cycle choice switch was set to a second setting;

(g) four optoisolator means, each having as a first input one of the four output lines of the microcontroller and as a second input the ground current conductor, for isolating the microcontroller means from the line current conductor and for producing an output signal in response to the signal on the output line of the microcontroller;

(h) four triac switching means for electrically connecting and disconnecting an output line to the line current conductor, each triac associated with an optoisolator means, each triac switching means having as a first input a conductor attached to line current conductor and having as a second input the output signal of the associated optoisolator means; and

(i) four electrical outlets, each outlet associated with one of the triac switching means, each outlet having a line terminal connected to the output line of the associated triac and having a neutral terminal connected to the neutral current conductor and having a ground terminal connected to the ground current conductor.

2. The power sharing device of claim 1, further comprising a test circuit, comprising:

(a) a test pushbutton switch having a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal connected to the power supply and the second terminal is connected to the first input of each of the four optoisolators; and

(b) a signal lamp associated with each of the four electrical outlets, each signal lamp having a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal is in electrical communication with the line terminal of the electrical outlet and the second terminal is in electrical communication with the neutral terminal of the electrical outlet.

3. The power sharing device of claim 2, additionally comprising four current limiting resistors, one current limiting resistor between each of the four output lines of the microcontroller means and the first input of each of the optoisolators.

4. The power sharing device of claim 3, additionally comprising current limiting resistors in line between a collector of each optoisolator means and the line current conductor.

5. The power sharing device of claim 4, additionally comprising a fifth output line from the microcontroller, operatively attached to LED indicator means for indicating that the one hour delay or the two hour delay is in progress.

6. The power sharing device of claim 5, additionally comprising fuses, carried in line between the output line of each triac switching means and the line terminal of the electrical outlets.

7. A power sharing device, comprising:

(a) a power cord, adapted to be inserted into a standard electrical outlet, providing appropriate voltages to a line current conductor, a neutral current conductor and a ground current conductor;

(b) delay period choice switch means for allowing the user to select a delay period, typically of either one hour or two hours;

(c) power cycle choice switch means for allowing the selection of a first or a second power cycle period;

(d) delay pushbutton switch means for reseting the power sharing device;

(e) power supply means, connected to the line and neutral conductors, for producing a regulated supply of low voltage direct current;

(f) microcontroller means, having at least 3 input and 4 output lines, attached to the regulated supply of low voltage direct current, where the three input lines are connected to the delay period choice switch, the power cycle choice switch and the delay pushbutton switch, for upon either power being applied to the microcontroller or activation of the delay pushbutton switch, checking to see the status of the delay period switch and the power cycle switch and for executing either a one hour or a two hour delay in response to the setting of the delay period switch, and for, following the delay, activating the output lines in sequence for either 15 minutes if the power cycle choice switch was set to a first setting or for activating the output lines in sequence for 7.5 minutes followed by a 7.5 minute period where no output line was activated if the power cycle choice switch was set to a second setting;

(g) four optoisolator means, each having as a first input one of the four output lines of the microcontroller and as a second input the ground current conductor, for isolating the microcontroller means from the line current conductor and for producing an output signal in response to the signal on the output line of the microcontroller;

(h) four triac switching means for electrically connecting and disconnecting an output line to the line current conductor, each triac associated with an optoisolator means, each triac switching means having as a first input a conductor attached to line current conductor and having as a second input the output signal of the associated optoisolator means;

(i) four electrical outlets, each outlet associated with one of the triac switching means, each outlet having a line terminal connected to the output line of the associated triac and having a neutral terminal connected to the neutral current conductor and having a ground terminal connected to the ground current conductor,

(j) pull up resistor means, attached to the power supply means, for pulling up the voltage potential of the delay period choice switch, the power cycle choice switch and the delay pushbutton switch when the switches are in the open state;

(k) four current limiting resistors, one current limiting resistor between each of the four output lines of the microcontroller means and the first input of each of the optoisolators;

(l) current limiting resistors in line between a base of each optoisolator means and the line current conductor;

(m) a fifth output line from the microcontroller, operatively attached to LED indicator means for indicating that the one hour delay or the two hour delay is in progress;

(n) fuses, carried in line between the output line of each triac switching means and the line terminal of the associated electrical outlet; and

(o) a test circuit, comprising;

(a) a test pushbutton switch having a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal connected to the power supply means and the second terminal is connected to the first input of each of the four optoisolators; and

(b) a signal lamp associated with each of the four electrical outlets, each signal lamp having a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal is in electrical communication with the line terminal of the electrical outlet and the second terminal is in electrical communication with the neutral terminal of the electrical outlet.