Flat virtual displays for virtual reality

• US 5,883,606 A
• Filed: 12/17/1996
• Issued: 03/16/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 12/18/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Nytell Software LLC (Intellectual Ventures LLC)
• Original Assignee: Bell Communications Research, Inc. (Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson)
• Inventors: Smoot, Lanny Starkes
• Primary Examiner(s): Hofsass, Jeffery A.
• Assistant Examiner(s): MANNAVA, ASHOK K
• Application Number:
  US08/767,751
• Time in Patent Office: 819 Days
• Field of Search: 345/7, 345/8, 345/9, 348/761, 348/751, 348/756, 348/766, 348/115, 359/619, 359/630, 359/40-42, 359/49
• US Class Current: 345/7
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0132 comprising binocular systems
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0178 Eyeglass type eyeglass details G02C
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/017 Head mounted
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/0172 characterised by optical features
• CPC Class Codes: G09F 9/35 being liquid crystals G09F9/302 takes precedence; liquid crystal materials C09K19/00; liquid crystal panels comprising a number of electrodes in a single cell per se G02F1/13
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 3/001 using specific devices not provided for in groups G09G3/02 - G09G3/36, e.g. using an intermediate record carrier such as a film slide; Projection systems; Display of non-alphanumerical information, solely or in combination with alphanumerical information, e.g. digital display on projected diapositive as background slide projectors per se G03B23/00 = 42 HP

Abstract

Disclosed is a virtual display (300) which provides a wide field-of-view that is lightweight and may be as thin as ordinary eyeglasses. One version of the invention includes a display (302), such as an LCD, a microlens array (304), and an aperture array (306) disposed between the LCD and the microlens array. The virtual display provides a pin-point of light for each pixel (306) of a display (302). Each pin-point of light in collaboration with an associated microlens (308) generates a directed ray of light. The ensemble of these rays forms a coherent image on a viewer'"'"'s retina. Using high "f" number microlenses permits a very short focal length between the pin-points and the microlenses and thus provides a very thin virtual display. The aperture array may be provided by a plate disposed between the display and the lens, or it may be apertures configured on the back side (away from the viewer) of the microlenses or on the front (towards the viewer) of the display. Each aperture in the array receives light from one pixel and directs a pin-point of that light to a microlens in the microlens array. Each microlens receives a single pin-point and directs the resulting ray so that a coherent image is formed on the viewer'"'"'s retina.

Claims

1. A virtual display for a viewer comprising:

a microlens array having a number of microlenses;

a display having a plurality of pixels; and

an aperture array configured to generate a pin-point of light for each pixel and to direct each pin-point of light to a microlens in said microlens array;

wherein each microlens is configured to receive a pin-point of light and to direct a ray of light so that the rays of light from each microlens are directed to substantially the same focal point to generate a coherent image on the viewer'"'"'s retina and wherein said microlenses have an f value no greater than 1.

2. The virtual display of claim 1 wherein said microlens array comprises a number of spherical microlenses.

3. The virtual display of claim 1 wherein said display is a liquid crystal display.

4. The virtual display of claim 3, wherein said aperture array comprises an aperture plate positioned between said liquid crystal display and said microlens array.

5. The virtual display of claim 3 wherein said microlenses of said microlens array each have a common focal length and said microlens array is mounted at said common focal length away from said liquid crystal display.

6. The virtual display of claim 3 wherein said aperture array is disposed on a back side of said microlens array.

7. The virtual display of claim 3 wherein said aperture array is disposed on a front surface of said liquid crystal display.