Method and apparatus for displaying three-dimensional image

• US 5,883,933 A
• Filed: 03/07/1997
• Issued: 03/16/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 03/29/1996
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Hitachi Medical Corporation (Hitachi, Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: Hitachi Medical Corporation (Hitachi, Ltd.)
• Inventors: Nakamura, Hisako, Nagao, Tomohiro, Goto, Yoshihiro
• Primary Examiner(s): Porta, David P.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Bruce, David Vernon
• Application Number:
  US08/813,362
• Time in Patent Office: 739 Days
• Field of Search: 378/4, 378/8, 378/62, 378/98, 378/901, 395/119, 395/120, 600/410, 600/416
• US Class Current: 378/62
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/03 Computed tomography [CT] echo-tomography A61B8/14
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 15/00 3D [Three Dimensional] image rendering
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 378/901 Computer tomography program or processor

Abstract

A three-dimensional image is displayed on a display in a central projection method based upon a viewpoint which is placed at the inside of an object and a line of sight. In this case, a plurality of tomographic images interposed between the viewpoint and a projection plane are sequentially arranged and displayed on a display screen. Polygon visual field frames are formed at points of intersection of projection lines forming a polygon pyramid and each tomographic image, and the visual field frames are displayed on the display screen. Thereby, the position of the viewpoint and the line of sight with respect to the currently-displayed three-dimensional image showing the inside of the object can be easily detected, and the part of the object which is being displayed can be easily recognized.

Claims

1. A method of displaying a three-dimensional image, comprising the steps of:

forming a first image, the first image including the three-dimensional image formed from a first plurality of tomographic images;

forming a second image, the second image including a second plurality of tomographic images that include at least one of the first plurality of tomographic images; and

displaying at least one of the first and second images.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first plurality of tomographic images include a volume image.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising shading the three-dimensional image.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the displaying step displays the first and the second images concurrently.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the displaying step displays either the first image or the second image and permits switching between the first and the second images.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the second plurality of tomographic images are sequentially arranged in the second image.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the second plurality of tomographic images are diagonally warped and inclined in the second image.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the first plurality of tomographic images are stacked to form the three-dimensional image projected onto. a projection plane from a viewpoint in a direction of a line of sight extending from the viewpoint toward the projection plane.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the second plurality of tomographic images further include at least one tomographic image behind the viewpoint relative to the line of sight and the projection plane.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the first and the second images are reformed when one of a position of the viewpoint and the direction of the line of sight is changed.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the second plurality of tomographic images are diagonally warped and inclined in the second image.

12. The method of claim 8, wherein information corresponding to at least one of a position of the viewpoint and the direction of the line of sight is added to the second image.

13. The method of claim 12, further comprising determining a plurality of projection lines between the viewpoint and the projection plane, each of the projection lines having a same preset angle relative to the line of sight, wherein the information comprises polygons, each of the polygons corresponding to one of the first plurality of tomographic images, sides of the polygons being formed by connecting intersecting positions between the projection lines and a plane corresponding to the one of the first plurality of tomographic images.

14. The method of claim 12, wherein the information comprises either an indication of the position of the viewpoint within one of the second plurality of tomographic images or a marker placed in a position on one of the second plurality of tomographic images that is closest to the position of the viewpoint.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the second plurality of tomographic images are diagonally warped and inclined in the second image.

16. The method of claim 13, wherein the polygons corresponding to the first plurality of tomographic images are squares, the squares forming a pyramid.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the second plurality of tomographic images are diagonally warped and inclined in the second image.

18. A method of displaying a three-dimensional image of an object, comprising the steps of:

forming a first image, the first image including a first pseudo three-dimensional image formed from a first plurality of tomographic images;

forming a second image, the second image including a second pseudo three-dimensional image formed from a second plurality of tomographic images including at least one of the first plurality of tomographic images; and

displaying at least one of the first and the second images.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the first plurality of tomographic images include a volume image.

20. The method of claim 18, wherein the displaying step displays either the first and the second images concurrently or one of the first and the second images, when displaying one of the first and the second images, the displaying step permitting switching between the first and the second images.

21. The method of claim 18, further comprising the step of shading the first and second pseudo three-dimensional images.

22. The method of claim 18, wherein the second pseudo three-dimensional image represents the object as a whole.

23. The method of claim 18, wherein:

the first plurality of tomographic images are stacked to form the first pseudo three-dimensional image projected onto a first projection plane from a first viewpoint in a direction of a line of sight extending from the first viewpoint toward the first projection plane; and

the second plurality of tomographic images are stacked to form the second pseudo three-dimensional image projected onto a second projection plane from a second viewpoint in the direction of the line of sight.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein the second viewpoint is behind the first viewpoint relative to the first projection plane.

25. The method of claim 23, wherein the first and second images are reformed when one of a position of the first viewpoint, a position of the second viewpoint and the direction of the line of sight is changed.

26. The method of claim 23, wherein information corresponding to at least one of a position of the first viewpoint and the direction of the line of sight is added to the second image.

27. An apparatus that displays a three-dimensional image of an object, comprising:

first image constructing means for constructing a first image, the first image including the three-dimensional image formed from a first plurality of tomographic images;

second image constructing means for constructing a second image, the second image including a second plurality of tomographic images that include at least one of the first plurality of tomographic images; and

image displaying means for displaying at least one of the first and second images.

28. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the first plurality of tomographic images include a volume image.

29. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the first image constructing means shades the three-dimensional image.

30. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the image displaying means displays the first and the second images concurrently.

31. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the image displaying means displays either the first image or the second image and permits switching between the first and the second images.

32. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the second image constructing means diagonally warps and inclines the second plurality of tomographic images in the second image.

33. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein:

the first image constructing means stacks the first plurality of tomographic images to form the three-dimensional image projected onto a projection plane from a viewpoint in a direction of a line of sight extending from the viewpoint toward the projection plane; and

the second image constructing means adds information corresponding to at least one of a position of the viewpoint and the direction of the line of sight to the second image.

34. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the second image constructing means sequentially arranges the second plurality of tomographic images in the second image.

35. An apparatus for displaying a three-dimensional image of an object, comprising:

first image constructing means for constructing a first image, the first image including a first pseudo three-dimensional image formed from a first plurality of tomographic images;

second image constructing means for constructing a second image, the second image including a second pseudo three-dimensional image formed from a second plurality of tomographic images including at least one of the first plurality of tomographic images; and

image displaying means for displaying at least one of the first and the second images.

36. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein the first plurality of tomographic images include a volume image.

37. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein the image displaying means displays either the first and the second images concurrently or one of the first and the second images, when displaying one of the first and the second images, the image displaying means permitting switching between the first and the second images.

38. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein:

the first image constructing means stacks the first plurality of tomographic images to form the first pseudo three-dimensional image projected onto a first projection plane from a first viewpoint in a direction of a line of sight extending from the first viewpoint toward the first projection plane; and

the second image constructing means stacks the second plurality of tomographic images to form the second pseudo three-dimensional image projected onto a second projection plane from a second viewpoint in the direction of the line of sight and adds information corresponding to at least one of a position of the first viewpoint and the direction of the line of sight to the second image.

39. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein the second pseudo three-dimensional image represents the object as a whole.

40. A method of displaying a three-dimensional image, comprising the steps of:

forming a first image, the first image including the three-dimensional image formed from predetermined areas of a first plurality of tomographic images, each of the predetermined areas being extracted from each of the first plurality of tomographic images, the predetermined areas being different from one another in size;

forming a second image, the second image including a second plurality of tomographic images that include at least one of the first plurality of tomographic images; and

displaying at least one of the first and second images.

41. The method of claim 40, wherein the predetermined areas of the first plurality of tomographic images are polygons similar to one another.

42. The apparatus of claim 40, wherein the second plurality of tomographic images further include at least one tomographic image behind the viewpoint relative to the line of sight and the projection plane.

43. The method of claim 40, wherein the second plurality of tomographic images are sequentially arranged in the second image.

44. The method of claim 43, wherein the second plurality of tomographic images are diagonally warped and inclined in the second image.

45. The method of claim 43, wherein information corresponding to the predetermined area in said at least one of the first plurality of tomographic images included in the second image is added to said at least one of the first plurality of tomographic images in the second image.

46. The method of claim 44, wherein:

the predetermined areas of the first plurality of tomographic images are stacked to form the three-dimensional image projected onto a projection plane from a viewpoint in a direction of a line of sight extending from the viewpoint toward the projection plane; and

information corresponding to at least one of the viewpoint, the predetermined area in said at least one of the first plurality of tomographic images included in the second image, and at least one projection line connecting the viewpoint and the projection plane and passing through sides of the predetermined areas of the first plurality of tomographic images is added to the second image.

47. An apparatus for displaying a three-dimensional image of an object, comprising:

first image constructing means for constructing a first image, the first image including the three-dimensional image formed from predetermined areas of a first plurality of tomographic images, each of the predetermined areas being extracted from each of the first plurality of tomographic images, the predetermined areas being different from one another in size;

second image constructing means for constructing a second image, the second image including a second plurality of tomographic images that include at least one of the first plurality of tomographic images; and

image displaying means for displaying at least one of the first and second images.

48. The apparatus of claim 47, wherein the second image constructing means sequentially arranges the second plurality of tomographic images in the second image and adds information corresponding to the predetermined area in said at least one of the first plurality of tomographic images included in the second image to said at least one of the first plurality of tomographic images in the second image.

49. The apparatus of claim 47, wherein:

the first image constructing means stacks the predetermined areas of the first plurality of tomographic images to form the three-dimensional image projected onto a projection plane from a viewpoint in a direction of a line of sight extending from the viewpoint toward the projection plane;

the second image constructing means diagonally warps and inclines the second plurality of tomographic images, sequentially arranges the warped and inclined second plurality of tomographic images in the second image, and adds information corresponding to at least one of the viewpoint, the predetermined area in said at least one of the first plurality of tomographic images included in the second image, and at least one projection line connecting the viewpoint and the projection plane and passing through sides of the predetermined areas of the first plurality of tomographic images to the second image.

50. An apparatus for displaying a three-dimensional image, comprising:

storage for storing first and second images, the first image including the three-dimensional image formed from a first plurality of tomographic images, the second image being formed from a second plurality of tomographic images including at least one of the first plurality of tomographic images;

a controller for receiving a command to retrieve at least one of the first and second images from the storage; and

a display coupled to the controller for displaying the image retrieved from the storage in accordance with the command received by the controller.

51. The apparatus of claim 50, further comprising:

a data bus for connecting the storage, the controller and the display with one another, data being channeled between the storage, the controller and the display through the data bus.

52. The apparatus of claim 50, wherein:

the storage stores the first image including the three-dimensional image formed by stacking the first plurality of tomographic images, the three-dimensional image being projected onto a projection plane from a viewpoint in a direction of a line of sight extending from the viewpoint toward the projection plane, and the storage stores the second image in which the second plurality of tomographic images are sequentially arranged;

the controller receives one of a command to display either the first and second images concurrently, and a command to display one of the first and second images while permitting switching between the first and second images; and

the display displays either the first and second images concurrently or one of the first and second images while permitting switching between the first and second images in accordance with the command received by the controller.

53. The apparatus of claim 50, wherein:

the storage stores the three-dimensional image being a first three-dimensional image formed by stacking the first plurality of tomographic images, the first three-dimensional image being projected onto a first projection plane from a first viewpoint in a direction of a line of sight extending from the first viewpoint toward the first projection plane, and the storage stores the second image including a second three-dimensional image formed by stacking the second plurality of tomographic images, the second three-dimensional image being projected onto a second projection plane from a second viewpoint in the direction of the line of sight;

the controller receives one of a command to display either the first and second images concurrently, and a command to display one of the first and second images while permitting switching between the first and second images; and

the display displays either the first and second images concurrently or one of the first and second images while permitting switching between the first and second images in accordance with the command received by the controller.

54. The apparatus of claim 52, wherein:

the storage stores the first image including the three-dimensional image formed from predetermined areas of the first plurality of tomographic images, each of the predetermined areas being extracted from each of the first plurality of tomographic images, the predetermined areas being similar to one another, and the storage stores information corresponding to the predetermined area of said at least one of the first plurality of tomographic images included in the second image;

the controller receives a command to add the information to said at least one of the first plurality of tomographic images in the second image; and

the display displays the second image added with the information in accordance with the command received by the controller.

55. An X-ray computerized tomography (CT) apparatus that produces a plurality of CT images of preferred slices of an object, the X-ray CT apparatus comprising:

storage for storing first and second images, the first image including a three-dimensional image formed from a first plurality of CT images, the second image being formed from a second plurality of CT images including at least one of the first plurality of CT images;

a controller for receiving a command to retrieve at least one of the first and second images from the storage; and

a display coupled to the controller for displaying the image retrieved from the storage in accordance with the command received by the controller.

56. The apparatus of claim 55, further comprising:

a data bus for connecting the storage, the controller and the display with one another, data being channeled between the storage, the controller and the display through the data bus.

57. A magnetic resonance (MR) imaging apparatus that produces a plurality of MR images of preferred slices or a volume image of an object, the plurality of MR images in a predetermined field being three-dimensionally arranged in the volume image, the MR imaging apparatus comprising:

storage for storing first and second images, the first image including a three-dimensional image formed from a first plurality of MR images or a first volume image, the second image being formed from a second plurality of MR images or a second volume image including at least one of the first plurality of MR images or the first volume image;

a controller for receiving a command to retrieve at least one of the first and second images from the storage; and

a display coupled to the controller for displaying the image retrieved from the storage in accordance with the command received by the controller.

58. The apparatus of claim 57, further comprising:

a data bus for connecting the storage, the controller and the display with one another, data being channeled between the storage, the controller and the display through the data bus.