Orthoester protecting groups in RNA synthesis
First Claim
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1. A protected monomer for use in stepwise oligonucleotide synthesis having a molecular formula comprising:
- ##STR1## wherein R'"'"' is an orthoester protecting group, H, ethers, alkyl ethers, esters, halogens, protected amines, and protected hydroxyl moieties;
R" comprises a phosphorous moiety;
R1, R2, and R3 include at least one alkoxy or siloxy substituent; and
BASE is a nucleic acid base.
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Abstract
Phosphoramidite oligonucleotide synthesis is facilitated by the use of fluoride-labile 5'"'"' silyl protecting groups. RNA synthesis is improved by the use of 2'"'"' orthoester protecting groups. Reactions are conducted on a solid phase support, and acidic deprotection conditions are avoided, as is the necessity of oxidizing the phosphite linkage between each coupling reaction.
266 Citations
23 Claims
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1. A protected monomer for use in stepwise oligonucleotide synthesis having a molecular formula comprising:
- ##STR1## wherein R'"'"' is an orthoester protecting group, H, ethers, alkyl ethers, esters, halogens, protected amines, and protected hydroxyl moieties;
R" comprises a phosphorous moiety;
R1, R2, and R3 include at least one alkoxy or siloxy substituent; and
BASE is a nucleic acid base. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)
- ##STR1## wherein R'"'"' is an orthoester protecting group, H, ethers, alkyl ethers, esters, halogens, protected amines, and protected hydroxyl moieties;
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9. A method for site-specific stepwise olionucleotide synthesis comprising the steps of:
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preparing a first monomer chain including at least one substituted monomer having a first silyl protecting group and a first phosphorous moiety; deprotecting said one substituted monomer by adding a fluoride ion source to remove said first silyl protecting group thereby yielding a deprotected chain; providing a second substituted monomer having a second silyl protecting group and a second phosphorous moiety at specific sites on said second substituted monomer; and reacting said second substituted monomer with said deprotected chain to yield an elongated monomer chain. - View Dependent Claims (10, 11, 12, 13)
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14. A method of synthesizing an oligonucleotide sequence, comprising the steps of:
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coupling a first nucleotide to an insoluble non-glass support, wherein a neutral to base labile silyl group is positioned at the 5'"'"' position of said first nucleotide; exposing said coupled nucleotide to a fluoride ion source thereby yielding a deprotected chain; providing a second nucleotide protected with a neutral to base labile silyl group; and reacting said deprotected chain with said second protected phosphoramidite nucleotide to form a chain two nucleotides in length having one phosphorous linkage. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22)
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23. A protected nucleoside monomer for use in a stepwise oligonucleotide polymerization reaction, wherein said protected nucleoside monomer has a plurality of protecting groups to facilitate said reaction and wherein at least one of said protecting groups is either a silyl group as shown below ##STR10## wherein at least one of substituents R1, R2 and R3 is alkoxy or siloxy;
- or an orthoester.
Specification