System and method for dynamically refining PMTU estimates in a multimedia datastream internet system

• US 5,892,753 A
• Filed: 12/02/1996
• Issued: 04/06/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 12/02/1996
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Russell, Lance Warren, Wise, Larry Steven, Rao, Satyanarayana Billekal, Badt, Daniel Edward, Marquardt, David Richard
• Primary Examiner(s): Pham, Chi H.
• Assistant Examiner(s): YAO, KWANG BIN
• Application Number:
  US08/755,867
• Time in Patent Office: 855 Days
• Field of Search: 370/389, 370/390, 370/392, 370/400, 370/401, 370/402, 370/404, 370/405, 370/406, 370/410, 370/229, 370/230, 370/231, 370/232, 370/233, 370/234, 370/252, 370/253, 395/200.53, 395/200.54, 395/200.55, 395/200.61, 395/200.62, 395/200.63, 395/200.64, 395/200.65, 395/200.66, 395/200.72 , 395/200.79, 395/200.8
• US Class Current: 370/233
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/10 Flow control; Congestion control
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/36 by determining packet size, e.g. maximum transfer unit [MTU]

Abstract

A local system issues an ICMP echo request packet with a size based on an initial PMTU value corresponding to that of the local system'"'"'s interface MTU. When an ICMP needfrag error packet is received by the local system, this signifies that the initial PMTU value was too large for packets of corresponding size to be transmitted through the Internet without fragmentation. The value is accordingly decreased by the local system and a next ICMP echo request packet transmitted through the Internet. The process iterates until an ICMP echo request packet is successfully transmitted through the Internet to a target system. In response thereto, the target system transmits an ICMP echo response packet back through the Internet to the local system, thereby indicating that the last-sent ICMP echo request packet from the local system had the correct PMTU value which is thereafter assumed to be the correct PMTU. An MTU application, MTU table, and corresponding application program interfaces and controls are provided in the system for dynamically maintaining PMTU value estimates and for providing next estimates of PMTU. These next estimates are accessed from the table in next ICMP echo request packet transmissions when an ICMP needfrag error packet does not contain an MTU value returned from a router in the Internet.

Claims

1. A method for dynamically obtaining a PMTU estimate in a multimedia Internet system having a plurality of routers, said system having a local system, intermediate routers at least one of wich may include an intermediate routing table of intermediate PMTU estimates and a target system, said method comprising the following steps:

(a) maintaining a local table of common Pre-exisinq PMTU estimates at said local system;

(b) transmitting an ICMP echo request packet from said local system onto said Internet corresponding to a first PMTU estimate;

(c) receiving from one of said routers an ICMP needfrag error packet;

(d) accessing said local table in response to said receiving said needfrag error packet to select a next PMTU estimate non-functionally related to said PMTU estimates of said intermediate routing table;

(e) transmitting a next ICMP echo request packet from said local system onto said Internet corresponding to said next PMTU estimate; and

(f) repeating steps (b) through (e) sequentially, wherein each time a said ICMP echo request packet is transmitted from said local system, it corresponds to a successive said next PMTU estimate from said local table smaller or larger than that of a PMTU estimate in an immediately preceding transmitted ICMP echo request packet.

2. The method of claim 1 further including:

generating an ICMP echo response packet with said target system in response to a last one of said transmitted ICMP echo request packet corresponding to a PMTU estimate.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein said maintaining of said local table is dynamic in response to said transmitting steps 1(b) and 1(e) and said receiving step 1(c).

4. The method of claim 3 wherein said local table contains a plurality of said PMTU estimates and is updated in response to absence of PMTU values in respective said needfrag error packet.

5. The method of claim 4 further including:

establishing a plurality of application program interfaces and commands in an MMTU application;

executing said MMTU application employing said application program interfaces and commands; and

updating said local table in response to said executing.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein said application program interfaces are in a socket layer of an operating system in said multimedia Internet system and define function calls for said accessing said local table including adding a PMTU value to said local table;

deleting a said PMTU value from said local table;

getting a said PMTU value from said local table; and

getting the number of PMTU values currently in said local table.

7. An apparatus for refining a PMTU estimate in an Internet system comprising a plurality of routers, said system having a local system, intermediate routers at least one of wich may include an intermediate routine table of intermediate PMTU estimates and a target system, comprising:

(a) means for maintaining a local table of common pre-existing PMTU estimates at said local system;

(b) means for transmitting an ICMP echo request packet from said local system corresponding to a first PMTU estimate;

(c) means for receiving from one of said routers an ICMP needfrag error packet;

(d) means for accessing said local table in response to said receiving said needfrag error packet to select a next PMTU estimate non-functionally related to said PMTU estimates of said intermediate routine table;

(e) means for transmitting a next ICMP echo request packet from said local system corresponding to said next PMTU estimate; and

(f) means for repeating means (b) through (e) sequentially, wherein each time a said ICMP echo request packet is transmitted from said local system, it corresponds to a successive said next PMTU estimate from said table, smaller or larger than that of a PMTU estimate in an immediately preceding transmitted PMTU estimate.

8. The apparatus of claim 7 further including:

means for generating an ICMP echo response packet with said target system in response to a last one of said transmitted ICMP echo request packet corresponding to a PMTU estimate.

9. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein said means for maintaining of said local table is dynamic in response to said transmitting means 8(b) and 8(e) and said receiving means 8(c).

10. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein said local table contains a plurality of said PMTU estimates and wherein said system includes means for updating said local table in response to absence of PMTU values in respective said needfrag error packet.

11. The apparatus of claim 10 further including:

means for establishing a plurality of application program interfaces and commands in an MMTU application;

means for executing said MMTU application employing said application program interfaces and commands; and

means for updating said local table in response to said executing means.

12. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein said application program interfaces are in a socket layer of an operating system in said multimedia Internet system and define function calls to said local table and wherein said apparatus includes:

means for adding a PMTU value to said local table;

means for deleting a said PMTU value to said local table;

means for getting a said PMTU value from said local table; and

means for getting the number of PMTU values currently in said local table.