Method and apparatus for echo data hiding in audio signals
First Claim
Patent Images
1. A method of embedding a data value in a host audio signal, the method comprising the steps of:
- a. defining an offset value associated with the data value;
b. defining a first echo amplitude associated with the data value; and
c. creating an encoded signal comprising the host audio signal and a first repetition of at least a portion of the host audio signal, the repetition having the first echo amplitude, and, in the encoded signal, being separated in time from the host audio signal by the offset value.
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Abstract
A method of hiding information in a host audio signal introduces one or more echoes into the signal. The separation in time between the host signal and an echo is associated with the value of a datum embedded in the signal. The identity of the embedded datum is determined by observing the delay between the host signal and the echo.
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Citations
61 Claims
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1. A method of embedding a data value in a host audio signal, the method comprising the steps of:
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a. defining an offset value associated with the data value; b. defining a first echo amplitude associated with the data value; and c. creating an encoded signal comprising the host audio signal and a first repetition of at least a portion of the host audio signal, the repetition having the first echo amplitude, and, in the encoded signal, being separated in time from the host audio signal by the offset value. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16)
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17. A method of embedding information in a host audio signal, the method comprising the steps of:
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a. defining a plurality of offset values, each offset value being associated with one of a plurality of data values; b. defining a plurality of echo amplitudes, each amplitude being associated with one of the plurality of data values; and c. creating an encoded string signal containing the host audio signal and echoes of sections of the host audio signal, each echo having one of the echo amplitudes and being separated in time from the host audio signal by one of the offset values, the echoes being ordered so as to encode a series of data values. - View Dependent Claims (18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29)
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30. A method of embedding information in a host audio signal, the method comprising the steps of:
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a. defining a pulse train comprising a copy pulse, having a copy amplitude, for reproducing the host audio signal, and a first echo pulse, having a first amplitude, for creating a first echo of the host audio signal, the copy pulse and the echo pulse being separated in time by an offset value, the offset value being associated with a data value, the ratio of the first amplitude to the copy amplitude defined to be the echo amplitude; and b. processing the pulse train with the host audio signal, thereby creating an encoded signal, comprising the host audio signal and a first echo of the host audio signal, containing the data value. - View Dependent Claims (31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43)
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44. A method for determining whether a test signal contains a datum embedded by creating an encoded signal comprising a host audio signal and a scaled repetition of the host audio signal, the scaled repetition in the encoded signal being separated in time from the host audio signal by an offset value associated with the value of the datum, the method comprising the steps of:
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a. observing the amplitude of a function of the test signal at the offset value; and b. determining whether the test signal contains the datum based on the amplitude of the function at the offset value. - View Dependent Claims (45, 46, 47)
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48. A method of decoding a string of data values embedded in an encoded string signal by defining a plurality of offset values, each offset value being associated with one of a plurality of data values, and creating an encoded string signal comprising a host audio signal, divided into encoding temporal segments, each encoding temporal segment corresponding to a position in the string, each segment containing an echo of a respective section of the host audio signal, the echo in each segment being separated in time from the host audio signal by a respective offset value, the respective segment representing the data value associated with the respective offset value, the method of decoding comprising the steps of:
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a. dividing the encoded signal into decoding temporal segments corresponding to the encoding temporal segments; b. in each segment, observing the amplitude of a function of the encoded signal at each of the plurality of offset values; and c. assigning a segment data value to the segment based on the values observed. - View Dependent Claims (49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59)
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60. An apparatus for embedding information in a host signal, the apparatus comprising:
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a. input means for accepting the host signal; b. means for associating an offset value with a bit value; and c. means for creating an encoded signal containing the host signal and an echo of the host signal, the echo being separated in time in the encoded signal from the host signal by an offset value associated with a bit value embedded in the encoded signal.
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61. An apparatus for determining whether a test signal contains a bit embedded as an echo of a host audio signal, the echo being separated in time from the host audio signal in the test signal by an offset value associated with a value of the bit, the apparatus comprising:
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a. input means for accepting the test signal b. means for computing the amplitude of a function of the test signal at the offset value; c. means for determining whether the test signal contains the bit based on the computed amplitude.
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Specification