Fluidic Oscillator

• US 5,893,383 A
• Filed: 11/25/1997
• Issued: 04/13/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 11/25/1997
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Abrado Inc
• Original Assignee: Perfclean International
• Inventors: Facteau, David M.
• Primary Examiner(s): CHAMBERS, A MICHAEL
• Application Number:
  US08/977,960
• Time in Patent Office: 504 Days
• Field of Search: 137/810, 137/811, 137/825, 137/826, 137/808, 137/834, 137/14
• US Class Current: 137/14
• CPC Class Codes: B05B 1/08 of pulsating nature, e.g. delivering liquid in successive separate quantities ; Fluidic oscillators
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 21/00 Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor freeing objects stuck in boreholes by flushing E21B31/03
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 37/08 cleaning in situ of down-hole filters, screens, e.g. casing perforations, or gravel packs E21B37/06 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F15C 1/22 Oscillators
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 137/0396 Involving pressure control
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 137/2098 Vortex generator as control for system
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 137/2104 Vortex generator in interaction chamber of device
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 137/2185 To vary frequency of pulses or oscillations

Abstract

A fluidic oscillator is disclosed for providing oscillating flow to outlet ports (172, 173). The fluid oscillator (100) in one embodiment has no fluid communication between a pair of diverging diffuser legs (163, 164) downstream of the upstream edge (169) of a splitter (165) and no fluid communication between a chamber (162) and either of the diverging diffuser legs downstream of the splitter edge. In other embodiments, a turbulent flows generator is formed by use of bump step (202), pins (220, 230), surface discontinuities (250) or a combination thereof.

Claims

1. A method of generating pulsating fluid pressures that are applied to an environment, comprising the steps of:

providing a fluidic oscillator, comprising a body forming an inlet passage, a jet nozzle, a chamber adjacent said jet nozzle, a splitter having an upstream edge with a lateral width, said upstream edge disposed substantially perpendicular to the direction of flow through said nozzle and defining a portion of a downstream wall of said chamber opposite said nozzle, first and second diffuser legs, said diffuser legs diverging laterally from one another, each said diffuser leg including an upper end and an outlet passage, each said upper end being disposed laterally adjacent said upstream edge of said splitter, said upper ends being disposed on opposite sides of said splitter from one another, each said diffuser leg running continuously between its respective upper end and its respective outlet passage and having no other fluid connection;

flowing fluid through said nozzel at a substantially continuous rate to generate vortices which are carried into one of said diffuser legs by a fluid stream which is attached to a lateral wall of said chamber causing the flow to be primarily through said one of said diffuser legs until friction pressure in said one of said diffuser legs caused by said vortices causes the main flow to shift until the flow is primarily through the other of said diffuser legs;

whereby said primary flow will continue to switch between said one of said diffuser legs and said other of said diffuser legs in an oscillating manner.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein said fluidic oscillator includes a turbulent flow generator disposed in said inlet passage and extending into said flow path.

3. A method of generating transient over-pressure pulses that are applied to an environment, comprising the steps of:

(a) providing a fluidic oscillator, comprising a body forming an inlet passage having a turbulent flow generator disposed therein, a jet nozzle, a chamber adjacent said jet nozzle, a splitter having an upstream edge with a lateral width, said upstream edge disposed substantially perpendicular to the direction of flow through said nozzle and defining a portion of a downstream wall of said chamber opposite said nozzle, first and second diffuser legs, said diffuser legs diverging laterally from one another, each said diffuser leg including an upper end and an outlet passage, each said upper end being disposed laterally adjacent said upstream edge of said splitter, said upper ends being disposed on opposite sides of said splitter from one another, each said diffuser leg running continuously between its respective upper end and its respective outlet passage and having no other fluid connection;

(b) flowing a fluid through said inlet passage of said fluidic oscillator at a first flow rate for a period of time sufficient to produce a steady oscillation of the primary flow between said diffuser legs at a first frequency;

(c) changing the flow rate at which said fluid flows through said fluidic oscillator until said steady oscillation at said first frequency stops, whereby a overpressure pulse is produced in said fluid;

(d) defining the flow rate at which said steady oscillation at said first frequency stopped as a second flow rate;

(e) flowing said fluid through said fluidic oscillator at said second flow rate for a period of time sufficient to produce a steady oscillation at a second frequency;

(f) re-defining said second flow rate as a new first flow rate and re-defining said second frequency as a new first frequency; and

(g) repeating steps (b)-(f) sequentially producing over-pressure pulses in the environment each time said steady oscillation at said first frequency stops.

16. The fluidic oscillator of claim 3 further comprising a supplemental vortex generator disposed in each said diffuser leg, each said supplemental vortex generator extending into the flow path.

18. The fluidic oscillator of claim 16, wherein at least one of said supplemental vortex generators comprises a bump step formed on a wall of said diffuser leg.

4. A fluidic oscillator, comprising:

a body forming a flow path having top, bottom, and lateral walls including an inlet passage, a jet nozzle, a chamber adjacent said jet nozzle, and a pair of laterally diverging diffuser legs, each said diffuser leg extending continuously between an upper end fluidly connected to said chamber and an outlet port and having no other fluid connection;

a splitter being disposed between said diffuser legs and having an upstream edge with a lateral width, said upstream edge disposed substantially perpendicular to the direction of flow through said nozzle and defining a portion of a downstream wall of said chamber opposite said nozzle; and

a turbulent flow generator being disposed on one of said top wall and said bottom wall of said flow path at a location up stream of said jet nozzle and extending into said flow path.

5. The fluidic oscillator of claim 4 wherein the turbulent flow generator comprises a bump step formed on one of said top wall and said bottom wall of said flow path, said bump step constituting a transition between a wall of said inlet passage and a wall of said jet nozzle where said wall of said jet nozzle does not lie along a line constituting an extension of said wall of said inlet passage, a surface of said bump step forming an angle with respect to said line constituting an extension of said wall of said inlet passage.

6. The fluidic oscillator of claim 5 wherein said surface of said bump step forms an angle between about 35°

and 90°

with respect to said line constituting an extension of said wall of said inlet passage.

7. The fluidic oscillator of claim 6 wherein the surface of said bump step forms an angle between about 45°

and 90°

with respect to said line constituting an extension of said wall of said inlet passage.

8. The fluidic oscillator of claim 4 wherein the turbulent flow generator includes a replaceable member.

9. The fluidic oscillator of claim 4 wherein the turbulent flow generator comprises a pin extending into said flow path from one of said top wall and said bottom wall.

10. The fluidic oscillator of claim 9 wherein said pin comprising said turbulent flow generator has a square cross-section.

11. The fluidic oscillator of claim 9 wherein said pin comprising said turbulent flow generator has a triangular cross-section.

12. The fluidic oscillator of claim 4 wherein the turbulent flow generator comprises surface discontinuities formed on one of said top wall and said bottom wall.

13. The fluidic oscillator of claim 4 wherein the turbulent flow generator is reconfigurable within the body of the fluidic oscillator to change oscillating conditions.

14. The fluidic oscillator of claim 13 wherein said body further defines a plurality of apertures formed in one of said top wall and said bottom wall, and said turbulent flow generator comprises at least one pin which is mountable in more than one of said plurality of apertures and which is mounted in one of said apertures such that a portion of said pin extends into said flow path.

15. The fluidic oscillator of claim 4 wherein the turbulent flow generator is formed by the combination of a bump step and a pin extending into the flow path.

17. A fluidic oscillator comprising a body forming fluid passages including an inlet passage having a turbulent flow generator, a jet nozzle downstream of said inlet passage, a chamber downstream of said nozzle, a flow splitter having a leading edge longitudinally aligned with said nozzle and forming the downstream wall of said chamber, a first and second diffuser passage connected to opposite downstream sides of said chamber, and a pair of outlet ports, each outlet port being in communication with one of said first and second diffuser passages, said turbulent flow generator producing vortices in a fluid passing through said inlet passage and into said nozzle, said vortices being entrained in the fluid flowing down one of said first and second diffuser passages which is not blocked by a blocking vortex and increasing the friction pressure of the fluid moving through said diffuser passage until said pressure overcomes the blocking pressure exerted by the blocking vortex, thereby causing the flow of fluid to switch into another of said first and second diffuser passages.

19. A fluidic oscillator, comprising:

a body forming an inlet passage, a jet nozzle, a chamber adjacent said jet nozzle, a splitter having an upstream edge with a lateral widthm, said upstream edge disposed substantially perpendicular to the direction of flow through said nozzle and defining a portion of a downstream wall of said chamber opposite said nozzle, first and second diffuser legs, said diffuser legs diverging laterally from one another, each said diffuser leg including an upper end and an outlet passage, each said upper end being disposed laterally adjacent said upstream edge of said splitter, said upper ends being disposed on opposite sides of said splitter from one another, each said diffuser leg running continuously between its respective upper end and its respective outlet passage and having no other fluid connection;

whereby fluid flowing sequentially downstream through the inlet passage, jet nozzle and chamber flows alternately through said first diffuser leg and said second diffuser leg.

20. The fluidic oscillator of claim 19 wherein the jet nozzle has a lateral width dimension and an exit, the ratio of the lateral width of the jet nozzle to the distance from the exit of the jet nozzle to the upstream edge of the splitter being in the range from about 1 to about 6.

21. A fluidic oscillator comprising:

a body forming fluid passages including an inlet passage having a turbulent flow generator, a jet nozzle downstream of said inlet passage, a chamber downstream of said nozzle, and a pair of laterally diverging diffuser passages downstream of said chamber, each said diffuser passage extending continuously between an upstream end and an outlet port and having no other fluid connection;

a flow splitter laterally disposed between said diffuser passages and having a leading edge laterally aligned with said nozzle and forming a downstream wall of said chambers;

said turbulent flow generator being disposed on one of said top wall and said bottom wall of said inlet passage and extending into said inlet passage;

whereby vortices are produced in a fluid passing through said inlet passage and into said nozzle, said vortices being entrained in the fluid flowing down one of said diffuser passages which is not blocked by a blocking vortex and increasing the friction pressure of the fluid moving through said diffuser passage until said pressure overcomes the blocking pressure exerted by the blocking vortex, thereby causing the flow of fluid to switch into another of said diffuser passages.