Apparatus for and method of controlling stepping motor

• US 5,894,209 A
• Filed: 04/23/1998
• Issued: 04/13/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 04/24/1997
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Pioneer Electronic Corporation (Pioneer Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Pioneer Electronic Corporation (Pioneer Corporation)
• Inventors: Yanoguchi, Koji, Ogura, Keiji, Takagi, Keiichi
• Primary Examiner(s): Masih, Karen
• Application Number:
  US09/064,755
• Time in Patent Office: 355 Days
• Field of Search: 318/696, 318/685, 318/138, 318/254, 318/439, 318/779, 388/811, 388/815
• US Class Current: 318/696
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 19/40 Open loop systems, e.g. using stepping motor
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 2219/41326 Step motor
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 2219/42173 Acceleration deceleration

Abstract

An apparatus for controlling a stepping motor used for moving a carriage having a pickup from a first position to a second position, the apparatus having: a calculating device for calculating a moving distance between the first position and the second position; a setting device for setting an acceleration area to accelerate the stepping motor and a deceleration area to decelerate the stepping motor, on the basis of the moving distance; and a driving device for driving the stepping motor by a one-two-phase excitation method until rotation velocity of the stepping motor increases to a predetermined velocity in the acceleration area, driving the stepping motor by a two-phase excitation method after rotation velocity of the stepping motor increases to the predetermined velocity in the acceleration area, driving the stepping motor by the two-phase excitation method until rotation velocity of the stepping motor decreases to the predetermined velocity in the deceleration area, and driving the stepping motor by the one-two-phase excitation method after rotation velocity of the stepping motor decreases to the predetermined velocity in the deceleration area.

Claims

1. An apparatus for controlling a stepping motor used for moving a movable body from a first position to a second position, the apparatus comprising:

a calculating device for calculating a moving distance between the first position and the second position;

a setting device for setting an acceleration area to accelerate the stepping motor and a deceleration area to decelerate the stepping motor, on the basis of the moving distance; and

a driving device for driving the stepping motor by a one-two-phase excitation method until rotation velocity of the stepping motor increases to a predetermined velocity in the acceleration area, driving the stepping motor by a two-phase excitation method after rotation velocity of the stepping motor increases to the predetermined velocity in the acceleration area, driving the stepping motor by the two-phase excitation method until rotation velocity of the stepping motor decreases to the predetermined velocity in the deceleration area, and driving the stepping motor by the one-two-phase excitation method after rotation velocity of the stepping motor decreases to the predetermined velocity in the deceleration area.

2. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined velocity is a maximum rotation velocity of the stepping motor in case that the stepping motor is driven by the one-two-phase excitation method.

3. An apparatus for controlling a stepping motor used for moving a movable body from a first position to a second position, the apparatus comprising:

a calculating device for calculating the total number of steps between the first position and the second position;

a setting device for setting an acceleration area to accelerate the stepping motor and a deceleration area to decelerate the stepping motor, on the basis of the total number of steps; and

a driving device for driving the stepping motor by a one-two-phase excitation method until the number of steps reaches a first predetermined number in the acceleration area, driving the stepping motor by a two-phase excitation method after the number of steps reaches the first predetermined number in the acceleration area, driving the stepping motor by the two-phase excitation method until the number of steps reaches a second predetermined number in the deceleration area, and driving the stepping motor by the one-two-phase excitation method after the number of steps reaches the second predetermined number in the deceleration area.

4. An apparatus according to claim 3, wherein

the first predetermined number is the number of steps required that rotation velocity of the stepping motor increases to a predetermined velocity in the acceleration area,

the second predetermined number is the number of steps required that rotation velocity of the stepping motor decreases to the predetermined velocity in the deceleration area, and

the predetermined velocity is a maximum rotation velocity of the stepping motor in case that the stepping motor is driven by the one-two-phase excitation method.

5. An apparatus according to claim 3 further comprising:

an excitation position selecting device for selecting either one of a one-phase excitation position and a two-phase excitation position as an excitation position at a beginning of the acceleration area, on the basis of the first predetermined number; and

a rotor position adjusting device for moving a rotor of the stepping motor to the selected excitation position by using a microstep method before acceleration of the stepping motor starts.

6. An apparatus for controlling a stepping motor used for moving a movable body from a first position to a second position, the apparatus comprising:

a total number calculating device for calculating the total number of steps between the first position and the second position;

a setting device for setting an acceleration area to accelerate the stepping motor and a deceleration area to decelerate the stepping motor, on the basis of the total number of steps;

a step number calculating device for calculating the number of steps necessary for accelerating the stepping motor during the acceleration area;

a driving pattern selecting device for selecting a first driving pattern wherein the stepping motor is driven by only a one-two-phase excitation method during the acceleration area and during the deceleration area, if the calculated number of steps necessary for accelerating is less than a first predetermined number, and selecting a second driving pattern wherein the stepping motor is driven by the one-two-phase excitation method until the number of steps reaches the first predetermined number in the acceleration area, driven by a two-phase excitation method after the number of steps reaches the first predetermined velocity in the acceleration area, driven by the two-phase excitation method until the number of steps reaches a second predetermined number in the deceleration area, and driven by the one-two-phase excitation method after the number of steps reaches the second predetermined number in the deceleration area, if the calculated number of steps necessary for accelerating is not less than the first predetermined number; and

a driving device for driving the stepping motor by the selected driving pattern.

7. An apparatus according to claim 6, wherein

the first predetermined number is the number of steps required that rotation velocity of the stepping motor increases to a predetermined velocity in the acceleration area,

the second predetermined number is the number of steps required that rotation velocity of the stepping motor decreases to the predetermined velocity in the deceleration area, and

the predetermined velocity is a maximum rotation velocity of the stepping motor in case that the stepping motor is driven by the one-two-phase excitation method.

8. An apparatus for controlling a stepping motor used for moving a carriage from a first position to a second position, the carriage having a pickup to read information from a disc on which a plurality of tracks are formed, the apparatus comprising:

a calculating device for calculating the total number of tracks between the first position and the second position;

a setting device for setting an acceleration area to accelerate the stepping motor and a deceleration area to decelerate the stepping motor, on the basis of the total number of tracks; and

a driving device for driving the stepping motor by a one-two-phase excitation method until the number of tracks reaches a first predetermined number in the acceleration area, driving the stepping motor by a two-phase excitation method after the number of tracks reaches the first predetermined number in the acceleration area, driving the stepping motor by the two-phase excitation method until the number of tracks reaches a second predetermined number in the deceleration area, and driving the stepping motor by the one-two-phase excitation method after the number of tracks reaches the second predetermined number in the deceleration area.

9. An apparatus according to claim 8, wherein

the first predetermined number is the number of tracks required that rotation velocity of the stepping motor increases to a predetermined velocity in the acceleration area,

the second predetermined number is the number of tracks required that rotation velocity of the stepping motor decreases to the predetermined velocity in the deceleration area, and

the predetermined velocity is a maximum rotation velocity of the stepping motor in case that the stepping motor is driven by the one-two-phase excitation method.

10. A method of controlling a stepping motor used for moving a movable body from a first position to a second position, the method comprising the processes of:

calculating a moving distance between the first position and the second position;

setting an acceleration area to accelerate the stepping motor and a deceleration area to decelerate the stepping motor, on the basis of the moving distance;

driving the stepping motor by a one-two-phase excitation method until rotation velocity of the stepping motor increases to a predetermined velocity in the acceleration area;

changing over the excitation method from the one-two excitation method to a two-phase excitation method when rotation velocity of the stepping motor increases to the predetermined velocity in the acceleration area;

driving the stepping motor by the two-phase excitation method after rotation velocity of the stepping motor increases to the predetermined velocity in the acceleration area;

further driving the stepping motor by the two-phase excitation method until rotation velocity of the stepping motor decreases to the predetermined velocity in the deceleration area;

changing over the excitation method from the two-phase excitation method to the one-two-phase excitation method when rotation velocity of the stepping motor decreases to the predetermined velocity in the deceleration area; and

driving the stepping motor by the one-two-phase excitation method after rotation velocity of the stepping motor decreases to the predetermined velocity in the deceleration area.

11. A method according to claim 10, wherein the predetermined velocity is a maximum rotation velocity of the stepping motor in case that the stepping motor is driven by the one-two-phase excitation method.

12. A method of controlling a stepping motor used for moving a movable body from a first position to a second position, the method comprising the processes of:

calculating the total number of steps between the first position and the second position;

setting an acceleration area to accelerate the stepping motor and a deceleration area to decelerate the stepping motor, on the basis of the total number of steps;

driving the stepping motor by a one-two-phase excitation method until the number of steps reaches a first predetermined number in the acceleration area;

changing over the excitation method from the one-two excitation method to a two-phase excitation method when the number of steps reaches the first predetermined number in the acceleration area;

driving the stepping motor by the two-phase excitation method after the number of steps reaches the first predetermined number in the acceleration area;

further driving the stepping motor by the two-phase excitation method until the number of steps reaches a second predetermined number in the deceleration area;

changing over the excitation method from the two-phase excitation method to the one-two-phase excitation method when the number of steps reaches the second predetermined number in the deceleration area; and

driving the stepping motor by the one-two-phase excitation method after the number of steps reaches the second predetermined number in the deceleration area.

13. A method according to claim 12, wherein

the first predetermined number is the number of steps required that rotation velocity of the stepping motor increases to a predetermined velocity in the acceleration area,

the second predetermined number is the number of steps required that rotation velocity of the stepping motor decreases to the predetermined velocity in the deceleration area, and

the predetermined velocity is a maximum rotation velocity of the stepping motor in case that the stepping motor is driven by the one-two-phase excitation method.

14. A method according to claim 12 further comprising the processes of:

selecting either one of a one-phase excitation position and a two-phase excitation position as an excitation position at a beginning of the acceleration area, on the basis of the first predetermined number; and

moving a rotor of the stepping motor to the selected excitation position by using a microstep method before acceleration of the stepping motor starts.

15. A method of controlling a stepping motor used for moving a movable body from a first position to a second position, the method comprising the processes of:

calculating the total number of steps between the first position and the second position;

setting an acceleration area to accelerate the stepping motor and a deceleration area to decelerate the stepping motor, on the basis of the total number of steps;

calculating the number of steps necessary for accelerating the stepping motor in the acceleration area;

selecting a first driving pattern wherein the stepping motor is driven by only a one-two-phase excitation method during the acceleration area and during the deceleration area, if the calculated number of steps necessary for accelerating is less than a first predetermined number, and selecting a second driving pattern wherein the stepping motor is driven by the one-two-phase excitation method until the number of steps reaches the first predetermined number in the acceleration area, driven by a two-phase excitation method after the number of steps reaches the first predetermined velocity in the acceleration area, driven by the two-phase excitation method until the number of steps reaches a second predetermined number in the deceleration area, and driven by the one-two-phase excitation method after the number of steps reaches the second predetermined number in the deceleration area, if the calculated number of steps necessary for accelerating is not less than the first predetermined number; and

driving the stepping motor by the selected driving pattern.

16. A method according to claim 15, wherein

the first predetermined number is the number of steps required that rotation velocity of the stepping motor increases to a predetermined velocity in the acceleration area,

the second predetermined number is the number of steps required that rotation velocity of the stepping motor decreases to the predetermined velocity in the deceleration area, and

the predetermined velocity is a maximum rotation velocity of the stepping motor in case that the stepping motor is driven by the one-two-phase excitation method.

17. A method of controlling a stepping motor used for moving a carriage from a first position to a second position, the carriage having a pickup to read information from a disc on which a plurality of tracks are formed, the method comprising the processes of:

calculating the total number of tracks between the first position and the second position;

setting an acceleration area to accelerate the stepping motor and a deceleration area to decelerate the stepping motor, on the basis of the total number of tracks;

driving the stepping motor by a one-two-phase excitation method until the number of tracks reaches a first predetermined number in the acceleration area;

changing over the excitation method from the one-two excitation method to a two-phase excitation method when the number of tracks reaches the first predetermined number in the acceleration area;

driving the stepping motor by the two-phase excitation method after the number of tracks reaches the first predetermined number in the acceleration area;

further driving the stepping motor by the two-phase excitation method until the number of tracks reaches a second predetermined number in the deceleration area;

changing over the excitation method from the two-phase excitation method to the one-two-phase excitation method when the number of tracks reaches the second predetermined number in the deceleration area; and

driving the stepping motor by the one-two-phase excitation method after the number of tracks reaches the second predetermined number in the deceleration area.

18. An apparatus according to claim 17, wherein

the first predetermined number is the number of tracks required that rotation velocity of the stepping motor increases to a predetermined velocity in the acceleration area,

the second predetermined number is the number of tracks required that rotation velocity of the stepping motor decreases to the predetermined velocity in the deceleration area, and

the predetermined velocity is a maximum rotation velocity of the stepping motor in case that the stepping motor is driven by the one-two-phase excitation method.