Apparatus for microscopic imaging of electrical and magnetic properties of room-temperature objects
First Claim
1. An apparatus for enabling a cryogenic measuring device to generate microscopic spatially resolved images of physical properties of a sample, comprisinga housing comprised of a first section for holding a cryogen or a cryogenic cooling apparatus and a second section enclosing a vacuum space, at least a portion of the second section is a thin transparent window separating the vacuum space from ambient atmosphere;
- a cryogenic measuring device for measuring the physical properties of a sample to obtain resolved images thereof, said cryogenic device is located within the housing having a measuring end disposed adjacent the thin transparent window of the housing for scanning said sample, said sample being located outside of the housing;
alignment of said sample measuring device and thin transparent window of the housing facilitated by the transparency of the window;
means for adjusting the distance between the cryogenic measuring device and the window and means for adjusting the distance between the sample and the cryogenic measuring device to allow the cryogenic sensor to be within microns of the sample; and
means for converting an output from the cryogenic measuring device measuring the sample to images from physical properties of said sample.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A cryogenic apparatus for microscopy of physical properties of an object including a thin, stiff, transparent substrate or window within the outer wall of the vacuum space of a dewar and a cryogenic sensor within the vacuum space and spaced very close distances to the window. This construction allows for positioning a sample for measurement outside of the vacuum space, at room temperature or higher and for microscopy of physical properties of the sample by monitoring the output from the cryogenic sensor as it is scanned along the surface of the sample.
61 Citations
31 Claims
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1. An apparatus for enabling a cryogenic measuring device to generate microscopic spatially resolved images of physical properties of a sample, comprising
a housing comprised of a first section for holding a cryogen or a cryogenic cooling apparatus and a second section enclosing a vacuum space, at least a portion of the second section is a thin transparent window separating the vacuum space from ambient atmosphere; -
a cryogenic measuring device for measuring the physical properties of a sample to obtain resolved images thereof, said cryogenic device is located within the housing having a measuring end disposed adjacent the thin transparent window of the housing for scanning said sample, said sample being located outside of the housing;
alignment of said sample measuring device and thin transparent window of the housing facilitated by the transparency of the window;means for adjusting the distance between the cryogenic measuring device and the window and means for adjusting the distance between the sample and the cryogenic measuring device to allow the cryogenic sensor to be within microns of the sample; and means for converting an output from the cryogenic measuring device measuring the sample to images from physical properties of said sample. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16)
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17. A method for imaging microwave, optical, UV or infrared radiation of a sample, comprising:
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scanning the sample with a cryogenic measuring device positioned within microns of the sample and capable of detecting microwave, optical, UV and infrared radiation of the sample, the cryogenic measuring device located in a housing comprised of a first section for holding a cryogen or a cryogenic cooling apparatus and a second section enclosing a vacuum space, at least a portion of the second section is a thin transparent window separating the vacuum space from ambient atmosphere;
the cryogenic measuring device having a detecting end disposed adjacent the thin transparent window of the housing for scanning the sample located outside of the housing;detecting the microwave, optical, UV or infrared radiation of the sample with the detecting end of the cryogenic measuring device, said cryogenic measuring device generating an output; and converting the output to obtain images from the microwave, optical, UV or infrared radiation properties of said sample. - View Dependent Claims (18)
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19. A method for obtaining images of magnetic fields from a sample, comprising scanning the sample with a cryogenic measuring device, the cryogenic measuring device located in an apparatus comprising a housing comprised of a first section for holding a cryogen or a cryogenic cooling apparatus and a second section enclosing a vacuum space, at least a portion of the second section is a thin transparent window separating the vacuum space from ambient atmosphere;
- the cryogenic measuring device within the housing having a measuring end disposed adjacent the thin transparent window of the housing for scanning the sample through the thin transparent window, said sample located outside of the housing;
detecting the magnetic field of the sample to spatial resolutions of 50 μ
m with the measuring end of the cryogenic measuring device, said cryogenic measuring device generating an output; andconverting the output to obtain images from the magnetic field of said sample. - View Dependent Claims (20)
- the cryogenic measuring device within the housing having a measuring end disposed adjacent the thin transparent window of the housing for scanning the sample through the thin transparent window, said sample located outside of the housing;
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21. A method for measuring electric fields from a sample, comprising scanning the sample with a cryogenic measuring device, the cryogenic measuring device located in an apparatus comprising a housing comprised of a first section for holding a cryogen or a cryogenic cooling apparatus and a second section enclosing a vacuum space, at least a portion of the second section is a thin transparent window separating the vacuum space from ambient atmosphere;
- the cryogenic measuring device within the housing having a measuring end disposed adjacent the thin transparent widow of the housing for scanning through the thin transparent window, a sample located outside of the housing; and
detecting the electrical field of the sample to spatial resolutions of 50 μ
m with the measuring end of the cryogenic measuring device, said cryogenic measuring device generating an output; andconverting the output to obtain images of the sample from the electrical field.
- the cryogenic measuring device within the housing having a measuring end disposed adjacent the thin transparent widow of the housing for scanning through the thin transparent window, a sample located outside of the housing; and
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22. An apparatus for enabling a cryogenic measuring device to generate microscopic spatially resolved images of physical properties of a sample, comprising
a housing comprised of a first section for holding a cryogen or a cryogenic cooling apparatus and a second section enclosing a vacuum space, at least a portion of the second section is a thin transparent window separating the vacuum space from ambient atmosphere; -
a cryogenic measuring device for measuring the physical properties of a sample to obtain resolved images thereof, said cryogenic measuring device is located within the housing having a measuring end disposed adjacent the transparent window for scanning a sample, said sample is located outside of the housing; means for moving the transparent window and the cryogenic measuring device relative to one another so that the sample and the cryogenic measuring device are positioned within microns of one another; means for delivering a cryogen from the first section of the housing to a thermally conducting substrate in heat exchange with the cryogenic measuring device; and means for converting an output from the cryogenic measuring device measuring the sample to obtain images of physical properties of said sample. - View Dependent Claims (23, 24)
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25. An apparatus for enabling a cryogenic measuring device to generate microscopic spatially resolved images of physical properties of a sample, the apparatus comprising:
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a housing comprising a first section for holding a cryogen or a cryogenic cooling apparatus and a second section enclosing a vacuum space, at least a portion of the second section being a thin transparent window separating the vacuum space from ambient atmosphere; a cryogenic measuring device for measuring the physical properties of the sample and for producing an output representative of the physical properties to obtain resolved images of the sample, the cryogenic device being located in the housing and having a measuring end disposed adjacent the thin transparent window of the housing for scanning the sample, the sample being located outside of the housing, alignment of the cryogenic measuring device and the thin transparent window of the housing being facilitated by a transparency of the window; sample holding means for holding the sample outside of the housing; moving means for causing relative movement between the cryogenic measuring device and the sample holding means which allow the cryogenic sensor to be within microns of the sample and so that the cryogenic measuring device and the sample holding means successively attain a plurality of relative positions; position detecting means for detecting the plurality of relative positions and for outputting a position signal representing the plurality of relative positions; and imaging means, receiving the position signal and the output from the cryogenic measuring device at each of the plurality of relative positions, for deriving the resolved images of the sample from the position signal and the output. - View Dependent Claims (26, 27)
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28. An apparatus for enabling a cryogenic measuring device to generate microscopic spatially resolved images of physical properties of a sample, comprising
a housing comprised of a first section for holding a cryogen or a cryogenic cooling apparatus and a second section enclosing a vacuum space, the second section comprises a plate defining an opening, a window support spaced apart from said plate, means for connecting the plate to the window support enabling movement of the window support relative to the plate and a thin transparent window positioned on the window support, said window, window support, means for connecting, and plate defining structure enclosing the vacuum space; -
a cryogenic measuring device for measuring the physical properties of a sample to obtain resolved images thereof, said cryogenic device is located within the second section of the housing having a measuring end disposed adjacent the thin transparent window for scanning said sample, said sample being located outside of the housing;
alignment of said sample measuring device and thin transparent window of the housing facilitated by the transparency of the window;threaded means for adjusting the distance between the cryogenic measuring device and the window, and stage means supporting the sample for adjusting the distance between the sample and the window, said threaded means and said stage means allowing the cryogenic sensor to be within microns of the sample; and means for converting an output from the cryogenic measuring device measuring the sample to images from physical properties of said sample. - View Dependent Claims (29, 30, 31)
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Specification