Additive compositions for lubricants and functional fluids

• US 5,902,776 A
• Filed: 05/07/1998
• Issued: 05/11/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 09/19/1995
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: The Lubrizol Corporation (Berkshire Hathaway Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: The Lubrizol Corporation (Berkshire Hathaway Incorporated)
• Inventors: Dohner, Brent R., Supp, James A.
• Primary Examiner(s): McAvoy, Ellen M.
• Application Number:
  US09/074,275
• Time in Patent Office: 369 Days
• Field of Search: 508/375, 508/376, 508/444
• US Class Current: 508/376
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/12 having amino groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/52 having a carbon chain of 30 or more atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/56 Amides; Imides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 135/04 Hydrocarbons
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 135/18 thiocarbamic type, e.g. containing the groups
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 137/10 Thio derivatives
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 137/105 not containing metal
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 141/10 at least one of them being an organic phosphorus-containing compound
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 143/00 Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular hydrocarbon or such hydrocarbon modified by oxidation
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 145/14 Acrylate; Methacrylate
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 159/04 Petroleum fractions, e.g. tars, solvents
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 159/20 Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 159/22 containing phenol radicals
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 159/24 containing sulfonic radicals
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 167/00 Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound, a non-macromolecular compound and a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution, each of these compounds being essential
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2203/10 Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2203/102 Aliphatic fractions
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2203/104 Aromatic fractions
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2203/106 Naphthenic fractions
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2203/108 Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2205/00 : Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2205/02 : containing acyclic monomers
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/028 : Overbased salts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/123 : polycarboxylic
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/129 : having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/22 : Acids obtained from polymerised unsaturated acids
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/26 : Overbased carboxylic acid salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/262 : derived from hydroxy substituted aromatic acids, e.g. salicylates
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2209/084 : Acrylate; Methacrylate
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/04 : having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/06 : having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/064 : Di- and triaryl amines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/065 : Phenyl-Naphthyl amines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/066 : Arylene diamines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/067 : Polyaryl amine alkanes
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/068 : having amino groups bound to polycyclic aromatic ring systems, i.e. systems with three or more condensed rings
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/24 : having hydrocarbon substituents containing thirty or more carbon atoms , e.g. nitrogen derivatives of substituted succinic acid
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/26 : Amines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/28 : Amides; Imides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2217/046 : Polyamines, i.e. macromoleculars obtained by condensation of more than eleven amine monomers
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2217/06 : Macromolecular compounds obtained by functionalisation op polymers with a nitrogen containing compound
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/022 : of hydrocarbons, e.g. olefines polyolefins C10M2221/041
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/046 : Overbasedsulfonic acid salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/066 : Thiocarbamic type compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/068 : Thiocarbamate metal salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/087 : containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfurised phenols
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/088 : Neutral salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/089 : Overbased salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/045 : Metal containing thio derivatives
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/047 : Thioderivatives not containing metallic elements
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/063 : Ammonium or amine salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/065 : containing sulfur
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/02 : Groups 1 or 11
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/04 : Groups 2 or 12
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/06 : Groups 3 or 13
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/08 : Groups 4 or 14
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/10 : Groups 5 or 15
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/12 : Groups 6 or 16
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/14 : Group 7
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/16 : Groups 8, 9, or 10
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/02 : Bearings
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/08 : Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/20 : Metal working
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/25 : Internal-combustion engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/251 : Alcohol fueled engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/252 : Diesel engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/253 : Small diesel engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/255 : Gasoline engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/26 : Two-strokes or two-cycle engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/28 : Rotary engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2070/02 : Concentrating of additives

Abstract

This invention relates to a composition, comprising:

(A) a metal, amine or ammonium salt of a compound represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein in Formula (A-I), X¹, X² and X³ and X⁴ are independently O or S, X¹ and X² can be NR³, a and b are independently zero or 1, and R¹, R² and R³ are independently hydrocarbyl groups and R³ can be hydrogen; and

(B) a thiocarbamate represented by the formula

R.sup.1 R.sup.2 N--C(X)S--(CR.sup.3 R.sup.4).sub.a Z       (B-I)

wherein in Formula (B-I), R¹, R², R³ and R⁴ are independently hydrogen or hydrocarbyl groups, provided that at least one of R¹ and R² is a hydrocarbyl group; X is O or S; a is 1 or 2; and Z is an activating group, a hydrocarbyl group, a hydroxy hydrocarbyl group, a hetero group, or a --SC(X)--NR¹ R² group; provided that when a is 2, Z is an activating group. These compositions are useful in providing lubricating oil compositions and functional fluids, especially engine lubricating oils, with enhanced antiwear properties, and in one embodiment enhanced antioxidant properties.

Claims

1. A lubricant or functional fluid composition, comprising a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity and a minor anti-wear amount of:

(A) a metal, amine or ammonium salt of a compound represented by the formula ##STR14## wherein in Formula (A-I), X¹, X² and X³ and X⁴ are independently O or S, X¹ and X² can be NR³, a and b are independently zero or 1, and R¹, R² and R³ are independently hydrocarbyl groups and R³ can be hydrogen; and

(B) a thiocarbamate compound represented by the formula ##STR15## wherein in Formula (B-I), R¹, R², and R³ are independently alkyl groups of 1 to about 4 carbon atoms;

said lubricant or functional fluid being characterized by a phosphorus content of up to about 0. 1% by weight.

2. The composition of claim 1 wherein in Formula (A-I), X¹ and X² are oxygen, X³ and X⁴ are sulfur, and R¹ and R² are independently hydrocarbyl groups of 1 to about 30 carbon atoms.

3. The composition of claim 1 wherein in Formula (A-I), R¹ and R² are independently isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, amyl, 4-methyl-2-pentyl, isooctyl, decyl, dodecyl, tetradecyl, 2-pentenyl, dodecenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, alkylphenyl, alkylnaphthyl, phenylalkyl, naphthylalkyl, alkylphenylalkyl or alkylnaphthylalkyl.

4. The composition of claim 1 wherein (A) is a metal salt, said metal being a Group IA, IIA or IIB metal, aluminum, tin, iron, cobalt, lead, molybdenum, manganese, nickel, antimony, bismuth, or a mixture of two or more thereof.

5. The composition of claim 1 wherein (A) is a metal salt, said metal being zinc.

6. The composition of claim 1 wherein (B) is a compound represented by the formula ##STR16##

7. The composition of claim 1 further comprising a corrosion-inhibiting agent, detergent, dispersant, antioxidant, viscosity-index improving agent, antiwear agent, extreme-pressure agent, pour-point depressant, friction-modifier, fluidity-modifier, anti-foam agent, or mixture of two or more thereof.

12. The composition of claim 1 wherein said composition has a phosphorus content in the range of about 0.02% to about 0.1% by weight.

13. The composition of claim 1 wherein said composition has a phosphorus content of up to about 0.08% by weight.

8. A lubricant or functional fluid composition, comprising a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity and a minor antiwear amount of:

(A) a zinc salt of a compound represented by the formula ##STR17## wherein in Formula (A-IA), R¹ and R² are independently isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, amyl, 4-methyl-2-pentyl, isooctyl, decyl, dodecyl, tetradecyl, 2-pentenyl, dodecenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, alkylphenyl, alkylnaphthyl, phenylalkyl, naphthylalkyl, alkylphenylalkyl, alkylnaphthylalkyl; and

(B) a compound represented by the formula ##STR18## wherein in Formula (B-IA), R¹, R² and R³ are independently alkyl groups of 1 to about 18 carbon atoms;

said lubricant or functional fluid being characterized by a phosphorus content of up to about 0. 1% by weight.

9. A process for making a lubricant or functional fluid, comprising mixing a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity and a minor antiwear amount of:

(A) a metal salt of a compound represented by the formula ##STR19## wherein in Formula (A-I), X¹, X² and X³ and X⁴ are independently O or S, X¹ and X² can be NR³, a and b are independently zero or 1, and R¹, R² and R³ are independently hydrocarbyl groups and R³ can be hydrogen; and

(B) a thiocarbamate compound represented by the formula ##STR20## wherein in Formula (B-I), R¹, R², and R³ are independently alkyl groups of 1 to about 4 carbon atoms;

said lubricant or functional fluid being characterized by a phosphorus content of up to about 0.1% by weight.

10. A process for making a lubricant or functional fluid, comprising mixing a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity and a minor antiwear amount of:

(A) a zinc salt of a compound represented by the formula ##STR21## wherein in Formula (A-IA), R¹ and R² are independently isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, amyl, 4-methyl-2-pentyl, isooctyl, decyl, dodecyl, tetradecyl, 2-pentyl, dodecenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, alkylphenyl, alkylnaphthyl, phenylalkyl, naphthylalkyl, alkylphenylalkyl, alkylnaphthylalkyl; and

(B) a compound represented by the formula ##STR22## wherein in Formula (B-IA), R¹ and R² are independently alkyl groups of 4 carbon atoms and R³ is methyl;

said lubricant or functional fluid being characterized by a phosphorus content of up to about 0.1% by weight.

11. A process for making a lubricant or functional fluid, comprising mixing a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity and a minor antiwear amount of:

(A) a zinc salt of a compound represented by the formula ##STR23## wherein in Formula (A-IA), R¹ and R² are independently isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, amyl, 4-methyl-2-pentyl, isooctyl, decyl, dodecyl, tetradecyl, 2-pentenyl, dodecenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, alkylphenyl, alkylnaphthyl, phenylalkyl, naphthylalkyl, alkylphenylalkyl, alkylnaphthylalkyl; and

(B) a compound represented by the formula ##STR24## wherein in Formula (-IA), R¹ and R² are alkyl groups of 4 carbon atoms and R³ is methyl;

said lubricant or functional fluid being characterized by a phosphorus content of up to about 0.1% by weight.