Circuit and method for driving an organic light emitting diode (O-LED) display

• US 5,903,246 A
• Filed: 04/04/1997
• Issued: 05/11/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 04/04/1997
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Hanger Solutions, LLC (IP Investments Group LLC)
• Original Assignee: Sarnoff Corporation (SRI International, Inc.)
• Inventors: Dingwall, Andrew Gordon Francis
• Primary Examiner(s): Mengistu, Amare
• Assistant Examiner(s): Osorio, Ricardo
• Application Number:
  US08/832,890
• Time in Patent Office: 767 Days
• Field of Search: 345/44, 345/46, 345/82, 345/83, 345/205, 345/206
• US Class Current: 345/82
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 2300/0842 forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 2310/027 Details of drivers for data electrodes, the drivers handling digital grey scale data, e.g. use of D/A converters
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 2320/029 by monitoring one or more pixels in the display panel, e.g. by monitoring a fixed reference pixel
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 2320/043 Preventing or counteracting the effects of ageing
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 3/2011 by amplitude modulation
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 3/3233 with pixel circuitry controlling the current through the light-emitting element
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 3/3283 in which the data driver supplies a variable data current for setting the current through, or the voltage across, the light-emitting elements

Abstract

Disclosed is a technique for driving a column of pixels implemented using O-LEDs. The technique includes separate, digitally adjustable current sources on each column conductor of the array. For each column, the digitally-programmed current flow terminates with a reference O-LED and a series NMOS transistor forming the input leg of a novel, distributed current mirror. The current is "mirrored" to the output leg of the distributed current mirror which can service any one of a plurality of active O-LEDs in the column based on a row select signal. In this way, a transistor on the output leg of the current mirror couples its respective O-LED to a source of operational power. The mirrored charge on the gate of the output leg transistor causes it to apply the same current to the active O-LED as was applied to the reference O-LED through the input leg transistor. Additionally, the voltage drop across the NMOS transistor and the reference O-LED is used to charge a capacitor associated with the selected O-LED. The charging of the capacitor, as a result of the digitally-programmed current supplied through the NMOS transistor to the reference O-LED, allows for continuous driving of the active O-LED during a cycle through. Thus, a reference O-LED in conjunction with an NMOS transistor, services all of a plurality of sequentially-loaded rows within each column.

Claims

1. A circuit, coupled to a current source, for driving a plurality of active organic light emitting diodes (O-LEDs) arranged in a column at a desired brightness comprising:

an input leg of a current mirror for establishing a reference current for driving an active O-LED;

a plurality of selecting means, responsive to a row select signal, for respectively selecting an O-LED from the plurality of active O-LEDs;

an output leg of a current mirror for supplying a mirror of the established reference current to the selected O-LED;

a plurality of charging means for respectively storing a voltage differential which is related to the established reference current in order to continuously drive the selected O-LED.

2. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the input leg of the current mirror includes a reference O-LED separate from any of the plurality of active O-LEDs.

3. The circuit of claim 2, wherein the reference O-LED substantially matches the active O-LED.

4. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the input leg of the current mirror includes a single reference O-LED separate from any of the plurality of active O-LEDs.

5. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the input leg of the current mirror includes a transistor coupled to the reference O-LED.

6. The circuit of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of selecting means includes a transistor.

7. The circuit of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of charging means includes a capacitor.

8. An array of organic light emitting diodes (O-LEDs), having improved driving circuitry comprising:

a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns of active O-LEDs;

an adjustable current source coupled to one of the plurality of columns for providing a reference current to the column of active O-LEDs, the reference current level being configured to produce a desired brightness level in a selected one of the O-LEDs in the column;

reference means, coupled to the one of the plurality of columns, for establishing the reference current level in a reference O-LED;

selecting means, responsive to a row select signal, for selecting the selected O-LED in the column;

converting means, responsive to the selecting means, for converting the established reference current in the reference O-LED into a corresponding voltage level and for storing the corresponding voltage level; and

means, responsive to the stored voltage level for driving the selected O-LED with a current substantially equal to the reference current to produce the desired brightness level in the selected O-LED.

9. The circuit of claim 8, wherein the matrix of O-LEDs includes an active area on which images are displayed and the reference O-LED is in a portion of the column outside of the active area.

10. The circuit of claim 9, wherein the reference O-LED substantially matches the selected O-LED.

11. An array of organic light emitting diodes (O-LEDs), coupled to a digital current source, having improved driving circuitry comprising:

a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns of active O-LEDs;

reference means, coupled to each of the plurality of columns, for establishing a reference current for driving each active O-LED in every row of the respective column;

a plurality of selecting means, responsive to a row select signal, for respectively selecting an active O-LED;

a plurality of converting means, responsive to the selecting means, for converting the established reference current into a predetermined voltage;

a plurality of means, responsive to the means for converting, for allowing a respectively selected O-LED to be driven at the desired brightness,

wherein the reference means includes a reference O-LED,

wherein the reference means includes an input leg of a current mirror including the reference O-LED.

12. A method of driving a plurality of active organic light emitting diodes (O-LEDs) arranged in a column at a desired brightness, the method comprising the steps of:

driving the column with a reference current level configured to produce a desired brightness level in a selected one of the O-LEDs;

establishing the reference current level in a reference O-LED;

selecting one of the O-LEDs in the column;

converting the established reference current in the reference O-LED into a corresponding voltage level;

transmitting the voltage level to the selected O-LED;

storing the corresponding voltage level;

converting the stored voltage level into a current substantially equal to the reference current; and

driving the selected O-LED with the current substantially equal to the reference current to produce the desired brightness level in the selected O-LED.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the reference current is established by way of a reference O-LED which is separate from any of the O-LEDs in the column.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the reference O-LED substantially matches the selected O-LED.

15. The method of claim 12, wherein the step of storing includes a step of storing the reference voltage on a capacitor associated with the selected O-LED.