Method for product acceptance by improving the accuracy of machines

• US 5,903,459 A
• Filed: 06/03/1997
• Issued: 05/11/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 06/06/1996
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: The Boeing Co.
• Original Assignee: The Boeing Co.
• Inventors: Greenwood, Thomas A., Pastusak, Thomas W.
• Primary Examiner(s): Grant, William
• Assistant Examiner(s): PATEL, RAMESH B
• Application Number:
  US08/869,360
• Time in Patent Office: 707 Days
• Field of Search: 364/142, 364/167.02, 364/167.03, 364/167.09, 364/167.05, 364/167.08, 364/468.15, 364/468.16, 364/468.17, 364/468.01, 356/357-363, 702/182, 702/82
• US Class Current: 700/110
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 19/401 characterised by control arrangements for measuring, e.g. calibration and initialisation, measuring workpiece for machining purposes G05B19/19 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 19/404 characterised by control arrangements for compensation, e.g. for backlash, overshoot, tool offset, tool wear, temperature, machine construction errors, load, inertia G05B19/19, G05B19/41 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 19/4083 Adapting programme, configuration
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 2219/36503 Adapt program to real coordinates, software orientation
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 2219/37036 Position normally, stop, measure position tool with second independent sensor
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 2219/37037 Remeasure workpiece regularly for deformation
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 2219/37043 Touch probe, store position of touch point on surface
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 2219/37211 Measure temperature, compensate cmm program for temperature
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 2219/37275 Laser, interferometer
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 2219/37304 Combined position measurement, encoder and separate laser, two different sensors
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 2219/39033 Laser tracking of end effector, measure orientation of rotatable mirror
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 2219/40293 Gantry, portal
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 2219/49207 Compensate thermal displacement using measured distance
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 2219/49221 Control of scale
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 2219/50057 Compensation error by probing test, machined piece, post or pre process
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 2219/50166 Extended range, machine a workpiece over a long distance
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 409/303808 including infeeding

Abstract

Product acceptance requires accurate measurement of product features. We augment machine control with true position feedback from an independent measurement system to allow such inspection to occur with conventional machine tools rather than expensive, special purpose, limited versatility Coordinate Measuring Machines.

Claims

1. A method for accepting a product by measuring its features in inspection tooling, comprising the steps of:

(a) positioning a measurement probe in a spindle of a machine;

(b) measuring selected inspection features on the product in inspection tooling as a set of inspection measurements with the probe in accordance with an inspection sequence derived from the intended configuration of the product as specified in a digital definition of the product;

(c) measuring a set of reference features at known locations in three dimensions on the product;

(d) scaling the intended configuration of the product as specified in the digital definition to adjust the relative size and position of features on the product with a dimensional scale factor to provide a scaled digital definition determined in accordance with measurement of changes in the actual configuration of the product in the inspection tooling caused by changes in factory conditions as detected by changes in the positions of the reference features; and

(e) providing delta correction commands to the machine to move the probe to improve the machine accuracy and to complete the inspection measurements with reference to the scaled digital definition.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein steps (a)-(d) are done before removing the product from manufacturing tooling and manufacturing machines associated with making the product.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the machine is a post mill or gantry milling machine, the accuracy of which is enhanced with machine control augmentation through true position feedback provided with an independent, absolute ranging, three-dimensional laser measurement device positioned remotely from the machine and associated with the machine to measure the reference features and, from that measurement, to correct for machine and factory positioning errors.

4. The method of claim 3 wherein the step of scaling includes scaling the commanded position for thermal effects as derived from the digital definition with a thermal effect scale based upon deviation of the actual temperature of the workspace from the theoretical design criteria and adjusting the delta correction command in response to the thermal effect scale.

5. The method of claim 3 wherein the scaling includes scaling the commanded position as derived from the digital definition with a configuration scale based upon measurement of a change in location of critical features on the part, assembly, or associated tooling and adjusting the delta correction command in response to the configuration scale.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein the scaling accounts for rotation, translation, growth, or other changes in the part.

7. The method of claim 3 wherein the machine control augmentation includes delta correction machine media statements of position adjustment.

8. The method of claim 1 wherein the measurement probe is a touch probe that physically contacts the part during the measurement step.

9. The method of claim 1 wherein the measurement probe is a laser probe.

10. The method of claim 1 wherein scaling includes the steps of:

(a) measuring the product in sufficient locations to identify the actual configuration in a first digital representation;

(b) remeasuring the product to produce a second digital representation of the part;

(c) comparing the second digital representation with the first digital representation to determine a scale factor; and

(d) adjusting machine media used to move the machine along the inspection sequence in accordance with the scale factor.

12. The method of claim 10 wherein measuring selected inspection features on the product includes the steps of:

(i) placing at least three reference features at selected locations on the product;

(ii) measuring the position of each reference feature with a laser interferometer and storing the position data in a computer memory; and

(iii) determining a reference plane and a coordinate system in accordance with the position data of the reference features to define the relative positions of the reference features.

13. The method of claim 10 wherein the scale factor is a first order correction that alters a dimension along any axis in a Cartesian coordinate system by a common scalar so that the scaling assumes that the product is isotropic.

11. An inspection system having improved positioning accuracy for product acceptance, comprising:

(a) a machine tool, including an end effector carrying an inspection probe adapted for performing product acceptance measurement of a part;

(b) a machine controller coupled with the machine tool for commanding movement of the machine tool to a commanded position through position control media derived from an engineering drawing or a digital dataset representation of the part;

(c) at least one independent measurement system positioned remotely from the machine tool for measuring the true position of the end effector;

(d) a computing system connected to the machine controller and measurement system for comparing the measured position of the end effector from the measurement system with the commanded position and for providing adjustment signals to the machine controller to offset a difference between the commanded position and the measured position; and

(e) means for adjusting in substantially real-time the commanded position derived from the digital dataset representation of the part for time varying factory conditions that impact size or orientation of the part.