Optical switching device comprising switchable hydrides

• US 5,905,590 A
• Filed: 08/20/1997
• Issued: 05/18/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 09/05/1996
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: US Philips Corporation (Koninklijke Philips N.V.)
• Original Assignee: US Philips Corporation (Koninklijke Philips N.V.)
• Inventors: Ouwerkerk, Martin, Van Der Sluis, Paul, Duine, Peter A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Epps, Georgia
• Assistant Examiner(s): LETENDRE, SUZANNE M
• Application Number:
  US08/916,772
• Time in Patent Office: 636 Days
• Field of Search: 359/275, 359/265, 359/251, 359/269
• US Class Current: 359/275
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/1523 comprising inorganic material
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/19 based on variable-reflection or variable-refraction elements not provided for in groups G02F1/015 - G02F1/169
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 2001/1536 additional, e.g. protective, layer inside the cell
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 2202/34 Metal hydrides materials

Abstract

A description is given of a switching device (1) comprising a transparent substrate (3), a switching film (5) including hydrides of gadolinium or other trivalent metal, and magnesium, covered with a palladium layer (7). By exchange of hydrogen, the switching film can be reversibly switched from a transparent state to a mirror-like state with zero transmission via an intermediate black absorbing state. The conversion between both states is reversible, and this phenomenon can be used, for example, in an optical switching element or sun roof.

Claims

1. An optical switching device comprising a substrate and a switching film which comprises hydrides of an alloy of trivalent metal and magnesium or a multilayer thereof, which hydrides can be reversibly switched from a low-hydrogen, mirror-like composition to a supersaturated, high-hydrogen transparent composition by an exchange of hydrogen.

2. A device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the switching film comprises 5 to 95 at. % magnesium with respect to the total metal content.

3. An optical switching device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the trivalent metal is gadolinium, lutetium, yttrium or lanthanum.

4. A device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the switching film is provided with a catalytically active layer comprising at least one metal selected from the group consisting of palladium, platinum, cobalt and nickel.

5. A device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the switching film has a thickness in the range from 20 to 1,000 nm.

6. A device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the switching film comprises a hydride of an alloy of the trivalent metal and magnesium, or a multilayer of these elements.

7. A switching device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the alloy comprises at least 50 at. % magnesium.

8. A device as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the hydrides can be reversibly switched via an intermediate opaque composition.

9. The use of a switching device as claimed in claim 1 as a display, optical switching element, mirror with variable transmission, or in architectural glass or sun roofs.

10. An optical switching device comprising a first and a second electrode separated by an ion-conducting electrolyte, the first electrode comprising a switching film of hydrides of a trivalent metal and magnesium, which switching film is provided with an electrocatalytic metal layer in contact with the electrolyte, so that by applying a potential or current between the electrodes a change in optical transmission of the switching layer is detectable when the hydride is electrochemically converted from a low-hydrogen, mirror-like state to a high-hydrogen transparent state by an exchange of hydrogen, and vice versa.