Adaptive elevational scan processor statement of government interest

• US 5,907,302 A
• Filed: 12/19/1997
• Issued: 05/25/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 12/19/1997
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: United States Air Force
• Original Assignee: United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force
• Inventors: Melvin, William L. Jr.
• Primary Examiner(s): Sotomayor, John B.
• Application Number:
  US08/994,222
• Time in Patent Office: 522 Days
• Field of Search: 342/159, 342/160, 342/161, 342/162, 342/90, 342/95, 342/96, 342/97, 342/140, 342/145, 342/146, 342/158, 342/189, 342/192, 342/194, 342/195, 342/196
• US Class Current: 342/162
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/426 Scanning radar, e.g. 3D radar G01S13/66 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/5242 with means for platform motion or scan motion compensation, e.g. airborne MTI
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/5244 Adaptive clutter cancellation specially adapted for airborne MTI, G01S13/5242

Abstract

A signal processing system applies space-time adaptive processing ("STAP") to an airborne surveillance Doppler radar comprised of a single-channel, electronically scanned antenna. The STAP substantially improves signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio ("SINR") by synthetically creating angular degrees of freedom, thereby improving the detection of weak targets.

Claims

1. In a system for processing signals that employs a single receive channel, a method for space-time adaptive processing of said signals comprising the steps of:

receiving a plurality of signals from an area potentially containing at least one target;

moving said single receive channel to combine said plurality of signals into a plurality of groups, each of said groups representing a distinct processing segment from a single coherent processing interval, each of said distinct processing segments corresponding to multiple spatial orientations;

correlating an interference component of said signals over a plurality of said distinct processing segments, whereby said step of correlating yields correlated interference for each of said distinct processing segments; and

canceling said correlated interference by adaptively combining said plurality of signals by means of an adaptive filter, whereby interference obscuring said at least one target is reduced.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein said step of moving combines said plurality of signals into at least three groups as follows:

a first group comprising a segmented coherent processing interval within which a potential target may be located;

a second group comprising segmented coherent processing intervals adjacent said first group; and

a third group comprising secondary signals used for determining adaptive weights.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein said step of correlating uses said second group to determine said interference component to be applied in said step of canceling to said first group.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein said step of receiving comprises obtaining said plurality of signals from a pulse Doppler radar with a single electronically scanned antenna.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein said plurality of signals is obtained by transmitting and receiving at a plurality of distinct time intervals each of which corresponds to a specific spatial orientation, that is, to a specific angular direction of said single electronically scanned antenna.

6. Apparatus for space-time adaptive processing of signals from which to identify one of presence and absence of at least one potential target, said apparatus including a single receive channel, which comprises:

means for receiving a plurality of signals from an area potentially containing at least one target;

means for moving said single receive channel to combine said plurality of signals into a plurality of groups, each of said groups representing a distinct processing segment from a single coherent processing interval, each of said distinct processing segments corresponding to multiple spatial orientations;

means for correlating an interference component of said signals over a plurality of said distinct processing segments, thereby yielding correlated interference for each of said distinct processing segments; and

means for canceling said correlated interference, said means including an adaptive filter for adaptively combining said plurality of signals, whereby interference obscuring said at least one potential target is reduced.

7. Apparatus as in claim 6, wherein said apparatus including a single receive channel is a pulse Doppler radar with an electronically scanned antenna.

8. Apparatus as in claim 6, wherein said means for correlating includes a steering vector generator and a covariance matrix.

9. Apparatus as in claim 6, wherein said means for canceling includes an adaptive elevational scan processor.

10. Apparatus as in claim 7, wherein said pulse-Doppler radar is airborne.

11. Apparatus as in claim 7, wherein said pulse-Doppler radar has a variable pulse repetition frequency.

12. Apparatus as in claim 6, wherein said apparatus including a single receive channel is a ground-based radar system.

13. Apparatus as in claim 6, wherein said apparatus including a single receive channel is a shipboard radar system.

14. Apparatus for space-time adaptive processing of signals from which to identify one of presence and absence of at least one potential target, which comprises:

a device having a single channel for receiving said signals;

said device being adapted for scanning continuously through a series of positions;

said device occupying said series of positions consecutively to receive, when in each of said series of positions, each of a sequence of said signals;

means for segmenting said sequence into at least two groups;

means for transforming each of said at least two groups; and

a signal combiner adapted for weighting and summing said transformed groups to cancel interference components thereof, whereby said at least one potential target is unmasked.

15. Apparatus as in claim 14, wherein said device is a pulse Doppler radar with an electronically scanned antenna.

16. Apparatus as in claim 14, wherein said signal combiner includes a steering vector generator, a covariance matrix estimator, and an adaptive elevational scan processor.

17. Apparatus as in claim 15, wherein said pulse-Doppler radar is airborne.

18. Apparatus as in claim 15, wherein said pulse-Doppler radar has a variable pulse repetition frequency.

19. Apparatus as in claim 14, wherein said device is a ground-based radar system.

20. Apparatus as in claim 14, wherein said device is a shipboard radar system.