Temperature sensing brake lining wear indicator

• US 5,909,171 A
• Filed: 05/01/1998
• Issued: 06/01/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 07/17/1997
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Meritor Heavy Vehicle Systems, LLC (Meritor, Inc. (Nevada))
• Original Assignee: Meritor Heavy Vehicle Systems, LLC (Meritor, Inc. (Nevada))
• Inventors: Kyrtsos, Christos T.
• Primary Examiner(s): Crosland, Donnie L.
• Application Number:
  US09/071,177
• Time in Patent Office: 396 Days
• Field of Search: 340/454, 340/453, 340/588, 340/589, 188/1.11 R, 188/1.11 W, 188/1.11 L, 188/1.11 E, 116/208, 73/121, 374/7, 374/10
• US Class Current: 340/454
• CPC Class Codes: F16D 2066/001 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: F16D 2066/006 without direct measurement of the quantity monitored, e.g. wear or temperature calculated form force and duration of braking
• CPC Class Codes: F16D 66/00 Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
• CPC Class Codes: F16D 66/021 using electrical detection or indication means
• CPC Class Codes: F16D 66/024 Sensors mounted on braking members adapted to contact the brake disc or drum, e.g. wire loops severed on contact

Abstract

A brake lining wear indicator utilizes a temperature sensor assembly embedded in a brake lining of a drum brake assembly. The temperature sensor assembly includes two temperature sensors with a first temperature sensor located at a first distance X from the wear surface of the brake lining and a second temperature sensor located at a second distance X+d from the wear surface. A timing device measures the time period for the first temperature sensor to reach a first predetermined temperature and measures the time period for the second temperature sensor to reach a second predetermined temperature. The remaining useful thickness of the brake lining is determined based on the ratio of the respective time periods. Thus, the indicator provides a time-temperature based determination of when the brake linings should be replaced. This determination is easily monitored during the operation of the vehicle and can be made without requiring a physical measurement or visual inspection of the thickness of the brake lining on each brake shoe.

Claims

1. A method for indicating the remaining amount of brake lining material in a drum brake assembly comprising the steps of:

1) providing a brake actuator, a cylindrical drum, and at least one brake shoe assembly having a brake lining supported by a backing plate, the lining including a temperature assembly comprised of at least two temperature sensors;

2) actuating the brake shoe assembly against the drum;

3) producing a first time signal T₁ in response to timing the period for a first temperature sensor to reach a first predetermined temperature;

4) producing a second time signal T₂ in response to timing the period for a second temperature sensor to reach a second predetermined temperature;

5) determining an amount of remaining brake lining material based on a comparison between the first T₁ and second T₂ time signals; and

6) displaying the amount of remaining brake lining.

2. A method as set forth in claim 1 further including the step of placing the first sensor at a pre-determined distance apart from the second sensor.

3. A method as set forth in claim 2 wherein producing the first T₁ and second T₂ time signals is further defined as timing the period for the first predetermined temperature to travel a first distance into the brake lining from a wear surface and timing the period for the second predetermined temperature to travel a second distance into the brake lining from the wear surface, said second distance being greater than said first distance.

4. A method as set forth in claim 3 further including the step of calculating the first distance according to the following formula ##EQU3## wherein T₁ is the first time signal, T₂ is the second time signal, d₁ is a known constant representing the pre-determined distance between the first and second sensors, and X is the first distance representing the remaining useful thickness of the brake lining on the backing plate.

5. A method as set forth in claim 4 further including the step of producing a warning signal when the first distance X is reduced to a first predetermined amount, indicating the brake lining has reached a first change level.

6. A method as set forth in claim 1 further including the steps of producing first and second time signals for a selected number of brake actuations respectively, calculating average first and second time signals for the total number of brake actuations selected, computing a mean average distance X related to the brake lining thickness, and producing a warning signal when the mean first distance X has been reduced to a predetermined amount.

7. A method as set forth in claim 2 further including the step of placing the first sensor at an alternate distance apart from the second sensor wherein said alternate distance is less than said pre-determined distance.

8. A method as set forth in claim 7 wherein producing the first T₁ and second T₂ time signals is further defined as timing the period for the first predetermined temperature to travel a first distance into the brake lining from a wear surface and timing the period for the second predetermined temperature to travel a second distance into the brake lining from the wear surface, said second distance being greater than said first distance.

9. A method as set forth in claim 8 further including the step of calculating the first distance according to the following formula ##EQU4## wherein T₁ is the first time signal, T₂ is the second time signal, d₂ is a known constant representing a distance between the first and second sensors that is less than d₁, and X is the first distance representing the remaining useful thickness of the brake lining on the backing plate.

10. A method as set forth in claim 9 further including the step of producing a warning signal when the first distance X is reduced to a first predetermined amount, indicating the brake lining has reached a first change level.

11. An apparatus for indicating the amount of brake lining material in a brake assembly comprising:

a rotating drum to be braked and which is disposed about an axis of rotation;

at least one brake shoe assembly having a brake lining supported by a backing plate and presenting a wear surface opposite from said drum;

an actuator for actuating said wear surface against said drum;

a first sensor at a first distance in said brake lining;

a second sensor at a second distance in said brake lining;

a timing device for producing a first time signal T₁ in response to timing the period for said first sensor to reach a first predetermined temperature and for producing a second time signal T₂ in response to timing the period for said second sensor to reach a second predetermined temperature;

a processor for determining an amount of remaining brake lining material based on a comparison between the first T₁ and second T₂ time signals; and

a display for showing the amount of remaining brake lining material.

12. An apparatus as set forth in claim 11 wherein the first sensor is spaced apart from the second sensor by a pre-determined distance.

13. An apparatus as set forth in claim 11 wherein said first sensor is located at a first distance into said brake lining from its wear surface and said second sensor is located at a second distance into said brake lining from its wear surface, said second distance being greater than said first distance.

14. An apparatus as set forth in claim 13 wherein said processor calculates said first distance according to the following formula ##EQU5## wherein T₁ is the first time signal, T₂ is the second time signal, d₁ is a known constant representing the pre-determined distance between the first and second sensors, and X is the first distance representing the remaining useful thickness of the brake lining on the backing plate.

15. An apparatus as set forth in claim 14 wherein said processor produces a warning signal for activating a warning device when said first distance is reduced to a first predetermined amount which indicates said brake assembly has reached a first change level.

16. An apparatus as set forth in claim 12 wherein the first sensor is spaced apart from the second sensor by an alternate distance, said alternate distance being less than said pre-determined distance.

17. An apparatus as set forth in claim 16 wherein said first sensor is located at a first distance into said brake lining from its wear surface and said second sensor is located at a second distance into said brake lining from its wear surface, said second distance being greater than said first distance.

18. An apparatus as set forth in claim 13 wherein said processor calculates said first distance according to the following formula ##EQU6## wherein T₁ is the first time signal, T₂ is the second time signal, d₂ is a known constant representing the distance between the first and second sensors where d₂ is less than d₁, and X is the first distance representing the remaining useful thickness of the brake lining on the backing plate.