Power output apparatus and method of controlling the same

• US 5,914,575 A
• Filed: 05/13/1997
• Issued: 06/22/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 09/13/1996
• Status: Expired

• Current Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Inventors: Sasaki, Shoichi
• Primary Examiner(s): IP, SHIK LUEN PAUL
• Application Number:
  US08/855,116
• Time in Patent Office: 770 Days
• Field of Search: 318/757, 318/140-150, 310/266, 310/112, 310/113, 310/114, 310/103, 310/286, 475/3, 475/5, 475/149, 322/40, 322/11, 322/13, 477/5, 477/9, 477/2, 477/3, 477/8, 180/65.2, 180/65.6, 180/65.3, 290/19, 290/21, 290/15, 290/16, 290/20, 290/23
• US Class Current: 318/150
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 1/02 comprising more than one electric motor
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 17/356 having fluid or electric motor, for driving one or more wheels disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel B60K7/00
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/445 Differential gearing distribution type
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/52 Driving a plurality of drive axles, e.g. four-wheel drive
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/007 Physical arrangements or structures of drive train converters specially adapted for the propulsion motors of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/40 DC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/423 Torque
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/16 with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/61 by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 7/003 Dynamic electric braking by short circuiting the motor
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 7/20 Braking by supplying regenerated power to the prime mover of vehicles comprising engine-driven generators
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/06 including control of combustion engines
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/08 including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/18 including control of braking systems
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/26 for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/00 Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles hybrid vehicle design, B60K6/00; electric vehicles B60L
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/10 Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/244 Charge state
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2540/12 Brake pedal position
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2710/083 Torque
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 3/727 : with at least two dynamo electric machines for creating an electric power path inside the gearing, e.g. using generator and motor for a variable power torque path special adapted for a hybrid electric vehicle B60K6/20
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 : Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 : Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/903 : having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/916 : with plurality of drive axles
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/947 : Characterized by control of braking, e.g. blending of regeneration, friction braking

Abstract

While a ring gear shaft 126 linked with a drive shaft rotates, a power output apparatus 110 applies a torque to a first motor MG1 attached to a sun gear shaft 125, thereby abruptly increasing a revolving speed of an engine 150, to which a fuel injection is stopped. A torque generated by a frictional force of, for example, a piston in the engine 150 and working as a reaction is applied as a braking torque to the ring gear shaft 126 via a planetary gear 120. The magnitude of the braking torque depends upon the frictional force of, for example, the piston and can be controlled by regulating the revolving speed of the engine 150 by means of the first motor MG1. This control procedure enables the energy consumed by the engine 150 to be output as a braking force to the drive shaft.

Claims

1. A power output apparatus for outputting power to a drive shaft, said power output apparatus comprising:

an engine having an output shaft;

a motor having a rotating shaft and inputting and outputting power to and from said rotating shaft;

three shaft-type power input/output means having three shafts respectively linking said engine and said drive shaft, said three shaft-type power input/output means inputting and outputting power to and from a residual one shaft, based on predetermined powers input to and output from any two shafts among said three shafts;

storage battery means for supplying and receiving an electrical energy required for inputting and outputting power to and from said motor; and

braking control means for controlling said engine and said motor, based on a charging state of said storage battery means, in order to enable a braking force to be applied to said drive shaft.

2. A power output apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein said braking control means comprises means for enabling said motor to carry out a regenerative operation, thereby applying a braking force to said drive shaft.

3. A power output apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein said braking control means comprises means for enabling said motor to carry out a power operation, thereby applying a braking force to said drive shaft.

4. A power output apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein said braking control means comprises means for controlling said motor, in order to enable said motor to motor said engine.

5. A power output apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein said braking control means comprises means for locking up said motor.

6. A power output apparatus in accordance with claim 1, said power output apparatus further comprising:

a second motor for inputting and outputting power to and from said drive shaft, in addition to said motor working as a first motor,

wherein said storage battery means comprises means for supplying and receiving an electrical energy required for inputting and outputting power to and from said second motor,

said braking control means comprising means for controlling said engine, said first motor, and said second motor, in order to enable a braking force to be applied to said drive shaft.

7. A power output apparatus in accordance with claim 6, said power output apparatus further comprising:

charging state detection means for detecting the charging state of said storage battery means,

wherein said braking control means comprises means for controlling said engine, said first motor, and said second motor based on the charging state of said storage battery means detected by said charging state detection means, thereby applying a braking force to said drive shaft.

8. A power output apparatus in accordance with claim 7, wherein said braking control means comprises means for regulating the charging state of said storage battery means detected by said charging state detection means to be within a predetermined range.

9. A power output apparatus in accordance with claim 6, wherein said braking control means comprises means for controlling said second motor in order to enable said second motor to apply a braking force to said drive shaft, while controlling said first motor in order to make power input to and output from said first motor equal to zero.

10. A power output apparatus in accordance with claim 6, wherein said braking control means comprises means for controlling said second motor in order to enable said second motor to apply a braking force to said drive shaft, while controlling said engine and said first motor in order to set a driving state of said engine to a predetermined operating condition.

11. A power output apparatus in accordance with claim 10, said power output apparatus further comprising:

driving state detection means for detecting a driving state of said drive shaft; and

braking-time driving state setting means for setting the redetermined operating condition based on the driving state of said drive shaft detected by said driving state detection means.

12. A power output apparatus in accordance with claim 10, wherein the driving state of said engine represents a revolving speed of said output shaft of said engine.

13. A power output apparatus in accordance with claim 6, wherein said braking control means comprises means for controlling said first motor, in order to enable said first motor to motor said engine.

14. A power output apparatus in accordance with claim 6, wherein said braking control means comprises means for controlling said first motor and said second motor, in order to enable an electrical energy regenerated by said second motor to be identical with an electrical energy consumed by said first motor.

15. A power output apparatus in accordance with claim 1, said power output apparatus further comprising:

a second motor for inputting and outputting power to and from said output shaft of said engine, in addition to said motor working as a first motor,

wherein said storage battery means comprises means for supplying and receiving an electrical energy required for inputting and outputting power to and from said second motor,

said braking control means comprising means for controlling said engine, said first motor, and said second motor, in order to enable a braking force to be applied to said drive shaft.

16. A power output apparatus in accordance with claim 15, said power output apparatus further comprising:

charging state detection means for detecting the charging state of said storage battery means,

wherein said braking control means comprises means for controlling said engine, said first motor, and said second motor based on the charging state of said storage battery means detected by said charging state detection means.

17. A power output apparatus in accordance with claim 16, wherein said braking control means comprises means for regulating the charging state of said storage battery means detected by said charging state detection means to be within a predetermined range.

18. A power output apparatus in accordance with claim 15, wherein said braking control means comprises means for controlling said first motor in order to enable said first motor to motor said engine, while controlling said second motor in order to enable said second motor to apply a braking force to said output shaft of said engine.

19. A power output apparatus in accordance with claim 15, wherein said braking control means comprises means for controlling said first motor and said second motor, in order to enable an electrical energy regenerated by said second motor to be identical with an electrical energy consumed by said first motor.

20. A method of controlling a power output apparatus for outputting power to a drive shaft, said method comprising the steps of:

(a) providing (1) an engine having an output shaft;

(2) a first motor having a rotating shaft and inputting and outputting power to and from said rotating shaft;

(3) a second motor for inputting and outputting power to and from said drive shaft; and

(4) three shaft-type power input/output means having three shafts respectively linking said engine and said drive shaft, said three shaft-type power input/output means inputting and outputting power to and from a residual one shaft, based on predetermined powers input to and output from any two shafts among said three shafts;

(b) controlling said second motor, in order to enable said second motor to apply a braking force to said drive shaft; and

(c) controlling said engine and said first motor, in order to set a driving state of said engine to a predetermined operating condition.

21. A method of controlling a power output apparatus for outputting power to a drive shaft, said method comprising the steps of:

(a) providing (1) an engine having an output shaft;

(2) a first motor having a rotating shaft and inputting and outputting power to and from said rotating shaft;

(3) a second motor for inputting and outputting power to and from said drive shaft;

(4) three shaft-type power input/output means having three shafts respectively linking said engine and said drive shaft, said three shaft-type power input/output means inputting and outputting power to and from a residual one shaft, based on predetermined powers input to and output from any two shafts among said three shafts; and

(5) storage battery means for supplying and receiving an electrical energy required for inputting and outputting power to and from said first motor, and supplying and receiving an electrical energy required for inputting and outputting power to and from said second motor; and

(b) controlling said engine, said first motor, and said second motor, in order to apply a braking force to said drive shaft while keeping a charging state of said storage battery means within a predetermined range.