Pelletizing and briquetting of coal fines using binders produced by liquefaction of biomass
First Claim
1. A coal pellet mixture comprising:
- (a) a bio-binder base obtained from direct liquefaction of biomass material; and
(b) coal fineswherein the bio-binder base is about three to thirty weight percent of the mixture,wherein the bio-binder base is produced by the direct liquefaction of cellulosic bio-material in the absence of oxygen.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A coal agglomerate is produced by the combination of coal fines with a binder obtained by the direct liquefaction of biomass material. The direct liquefaction is carried out in the absence of oxygen at typical temperatures between about 450 and 700° F. and typical pressures between 200 and 3,000 psi, according to known liquefaction processes. The liquefied bio-binder base is mixed with additives, if desired, such as fast pyrolysis tars and petroleum asphalt, in order to modify its characteristics to meet specific needs of particular applications, and the resulting mixture is sprayed on coal fines preheated to at least 250° F. and allowed to react at about 300-400° F. Combustible extenders and fillers; reinforcing fibers; and cross-linking agents may be mixed with the coal prior to combination with the binder to provide additional specific properties to the mixture. The resulting well mixed mass is then pelletized by the application of pressure in conventional equipment.
162 Citations
17 Claims
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1. A coal pellet mixture comprising:
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(a) a bio-binder base obtained from direct liquefaction of biomass material; and (b) coal fines wherein the bio-binder base is about three to thirty weight percent of the mixture, wherein the bio-binder base is produced by the direct liquefaction of cellulosic bio-material in the absence of oxygen. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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2. A process for producing a coal pellet from coal fines comprising the following steps:
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(a) preparing a mixture comprising liquefied bio-binder base and coal fines, wherein the liquefied bio-binder base is about three to thirty weight percent of the mixture; (b) blending the mixture at a temperature between about 60°
C. and 260°
C. to produce a bonding reaction between the liquefied bio-binder base and the coal fines, thereby yielding a substantially uniform blend; and(c) compressively agglomerating the blend obtained from step (b) to produce a coal pellet, wherein the bio-binder base is produced by the direct liquefaction of cellulosic bio-material in the absence of oxygen. - View Dependent Claims (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11)
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Specification