Metal oxide matrix biosensors
First Claim
1. An electrode useful in chemical sensing comprising:
- (a) an electrically conductive base material(b) a thin film of a porous hydrous metal oxide conductive of both electrons and ions coated thereon and(c) one or more substances disposed within said metal oxide, said substances possessing reactive recognition properties for one or more chemicalswherein the hydrous metal oxide provides electrical contact between the electrically conductive base material and a product of said reactive recognitionsaid hydrous metal oxide being derived substantially from Ir, Ru, Pd, Pt, Zr, Ti and Rh, or mixtures thereof.
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Abstract
A thin film matrix for biomolecules, suitable for forming electrochemical and biosensors comprising a general class of materials known as hydrous metal oxides which are also conductive or semiconductive of electrons and which have been shown to have excellent stability against dissolution or irreversible reaction in aqueous and nonaqueous solutions. The composites are bifunctional, providing both amperometric and potentiometric (pH) transduction. The thin film composites of the oxides and biological molecules such as enzymes, antibodies, antigens and DNA strands can be used for both amperometric and potentiometric sensing. Hydrous Ir oxide is the preferred matrix embodiment, but conducting or semiconducting oxides, of Ru, Pd, Pt, Zr, Ti and Rh and mixtures thereof have similar features. The hydrous oxides are very stable against oxidation damage.
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Citations
24 Claims
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1. An electrode useful in chemical sensing comprising:
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(a) an electrically conductive base material (b) a thin film of a porous hydrous metal oxide conductive of both electrons and ions coated thereon and (c) one or more substances disposed within said metal oxide, said substances possessing reactive recognition properties for one or more chemicals wherein the hydrous metal oxide provides electrical contact between the electrically conductive base material and a product of said reactive recognition said hydrous metal oxide being derived substantially from Ir, Ru, Pd, Pt, Zr, Ti and Rh, or mixtures thereof. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24)
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Specification