Microprocessor based simulated electronic flame

• US 5,924,784 A
• Filed: 08/15/1996
• Issued: 07/20/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 08/21/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Alex Chliwnyj, Tanya D. Chliwnyj
• Original Assignee: Alex Chliwnyj, Tanya D. Chliwnyj
• Inventors: Chliwnyj, Alex, Chliwnyj, Tanya D.
• Primary Examiner(s): TSO, LAURA K
• Application Number:
  US08/698,042
• Time in Patent Office: 1,069 Days
• Field of Search: 52/103, 52/104, 52/128, 52/129, 52/130, 52/131, 52/132, 52/133, 52/134, 362/251, 362/183, 362/191, 362/802, 362/121, 362/807, 362/132, 362/184, 362/806, 362/800, 362/307, 362/310, 362/311, 362/145, 362/153, 362/153.1, 362/190, 362/234 , 362/154, 362/253, 40/428, 307/48, 307/64, 315/86, 315/324, 315/323, 315/294, 315/224, 315/56, 315/58, 315/71
• US Class Current: 362/234
• CPC Class Codes: A61G 17/08 Urns columbaria E04H13/00
• CPC Class Codes: F21K 9/232 specially adapted for generating an essentially omnidirectional light distribution, e.g. with a glass bulb
• CPC Class Codes: F21S 10/04 simulating flames
• CPC Class Codes: F21S 10/043 by selectively switching fixed light sources
• CPC Class Codes: F21S 9/02 the power supply being a battery or accumulator
• CPC Class Codes: F21V 3/02 characterised by the shape
• CPC Class Codes: F21V 3/04 characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings
• CPC Class Codes: F21W 2121/00 Use or application of lighting devices or systems for decorative purposes, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00
• CPC Class Codes: F21Y 2115/10 Light-emitting diodes [LED]
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 39/09 in which the lamp is fed by pulses automatic circuit devices built into or on the incandescent lamp H01K1/625; vehicle winking devices B60Q1/38
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 45/31 Phase-control circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 45/325 Pulse-width modulation [PWM]
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 45/44 with an active control inside an LED matrix
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 47/155 Coordinated control of two or more light sources

Abstract

Electronic lighting devices that simulate a realistic flame are disclosed. The preferred embodiment has a plurality of lighting elements in a plurality of colors which are modulated in intensity by a control circuit with a stored program. The control program includes stored amplitude waveforms for the generation of a realistic flame simulation. The program further contains random elements to keep the flame constantly changing. The control circuit has built in power management functions that can control the mean intensity of the simulated flame based on some power management budget with the ability to measure the charge/discharge duration of the power source, when used with a rechargeable power source. The currents to the individual lighting elements are selectable from a set of discrete quantization values. Tables of amplitude modulated time waveforms are stored in the microprocessor memory, from which the real time control data streams for the individual lighting elements are synthesized. By using these stored waveforms many different flame modes can be simulated. Effects such as a random gust of wind and other disturbances are inserted into the flame simulation from time to time. After a simulated disturbance the simulated flame settles back into more of a steady state condition just like a real flame does. The net result is that the simulated flame is a slowly changing series of patterns resulting in soothing and calming effects upon the viewer.

Claims

1. A microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus, comprising:

a plurality of electrical lighting circuits, each electrical lighting circuit comprising at least one lighting device having independently controlled light illumination;

a microprocessor for processing instructions and data representing output values for signal drivers to drive lighting devices in a realistic electronic flame simulation to generate a plurality of output signals;

microprocessor-based computer instruction programs and stored data cooperatively operating in and with said microprocessor to process data representing output values for signal drivers to drive a lighting device in a realistic electronic flame simulation;

a frequency reference source coupled to said microprocessor and providing an operating frequency reference for said microprocessor;

a plurality of signal drivers, each signal drivers being controlled by the respective one of said plurality of output signals and driving a corresponding lighting device; and

DC electrical power source input terminals for connecting DC power to the electrical lighting circuits, microprocessor, and signal drivers.

2. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 1, wherein said microprocessor-based computer instruction programs and stored data cooperatively operating in and with the microprocessor comprises computer instruction programs with defined mode and waveform tables for effecting low-frequency intervals simulating a flame-pattern randomness and disturbances, individually and in concert.

3. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 2, wherein said microprocessor further comprises a set of microprocessor-resident integrated circuits for computing, processing, and generating a plurality of pulse width modulation output signals.

4. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 3, wherein said plurality of output signals are analog pulse width modulation output signals, each analog pulse width modulation output signal being coupled as a controlling input to a respective one of said plurality of signal drivers.

5. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 2, wherein said microprocessor-based computer instruction programs and stored data cooperatively operating in and with said microprocessor further computes, processes, and generates a plurality of digital pulse width modulation output data as said plurality of output signals.

6. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 5, wherein each of said plurality of signal drivers comprises a digital-to-analog converter.

7. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 6, wherein each of said plurality of signal drivers further comprises a linear current driver.

8. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 6, wherein said plurality of output signals is comprised of said plurality of digital pulse width modulation output data for digital input to each of said digital-to-analog converters.

9. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 2, wherein each of said plurality of electrical lighting circuits comprises a light emitting diode of individual illumination color and a series resistor.

10. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 9, further comprising a light diffuser to cover and diffuse lights emanating from said light emitting diodes.

11. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 2, wherein said lighting device is an incandescent lighting device.

12. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 11, further comprising a plurality of AC-powered triacs under individual AC conduction phase-angle triggering control by said microprocessor to individually drive said incandescent lighting devices.

13. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 2 further comprising a fireplace log-simulation comprising at least one simulated plastic log incorporating said electrical lighting circuits.

14. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 2 further comprising a programmed relaxation lighting device comprising a user input means and a user input means interface to provide an interface allowing for user input to control operation of the apparatus.

15. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 9, wherein said DC electrical power source providing a DC power comprises an AC-to-DC power converter electrically coupled to an internally-placed rechargeable battery pack, which AC-to-DC power converter derives its AC power from an external AC power source.

16. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 9, wherein said DC electrical power source providing a DC power comprises an AC-to-DC power converter deriving its AC power from an external AC power source.

17. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 16 further comprising a flame-simulation memorial candle, wherein said memorial candle comprises a standing base and a glass light-diffusing cover.

18. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 17, wherein said standing base has one or more recessed areas for personalized engravings.

19. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 17, wherein said glass light-diffusing cover has a decorative design etched in.

20. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 16 further comprising a flame-simulation decorative figure, wherein said high-brightness light emitting diodes serve as a simulated flame situated inside said flame-simulation decorative figure.

21. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 20, wherein said flame-simulation decorative figure is made of glass to achieve semi-transparent to translucent light diffusing qualities.

22. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 16 further comprising an urn for storage of cremated remains, wherein said light emitting diodes serve as a simulated-flame votive candle for said urn.

23. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 16 further comprising a self-contained flame-simulation light bulb with a standard base which mates with a socket of a standard lighting fixture, the self-contained flame-simulation light bulb enclosing the microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus.

24. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 23 further comprising a radio frequency interference shield situated inside said self-contained flame-simulation light bulb for effective shielding against internal electromagnetic emanations.

25. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 9, wherein said DC electrical power source providing a DC power comprises a low-voltage AC-to-DC power converter deriving its low-voltage AC power from an external low-voltage AC power source.

26. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 25 further comprising a candle fixture for placement as a lighted memorial on a front face of a prewired niche of a columbarium, which niche stores individual cremains.

27. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 26, wherein said candle fixture comprises a combination of a metal housing and one or more light diffusers, the candle fixture enclosing the microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus.

28. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 25 further comprising a candle fixture for placement as a lighted memorial on a front face of a prewired crypt of a mausoleum.

29. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 28, wherein said candle fixture comprises a combination of a metal housing and one or more light diffusers, the candle fixture enclosing the microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus.

30. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 25 further comprising a votive candle fixture for placement as a lighted memorial inside a prewired open-face style niche of a columbarium, the niche having a glass front.

31. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 10, wherein said DC electrical power source providing a DC power comprises one or more solar panels and one or more rechargeable and replaceable batteries.

32. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 31, wherein said microprocessor-based computer instruction programs and stored data cooperatively operating in and with the microprocessor further comprises computer instruction programs with stored data for effecting a microprocessor-controlled power management and illumination control by incorporating power budget estimates, electricity reserve capacity estimates, and measurements of time-dependent electricity discharge duration.

33. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 32 further comprising a low charge cutoff circuit.

34. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 32, further comprising a comparator to sense a solar-cell voltage and a battery voltage and derive a difference voltage.

35. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 32 further comprising a memorial for above-ground placement.

36. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 32 further comprising a memorial for in-ground placement.

37. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 6, wherein each of said plurality of signal drivers further comprises a linear voltage driver.

38. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 2 further comprising a fireplace log-simulation comprising at least one simulated ceramic log incorporating said electrical lighting circuits.

39. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 16 further comprising a flame-simulation memorial candle, wherein said memorial candle comprises a standing base and a plastic light-diffusing cover.

40. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 39, wherein said plastic light-diffusing cover has a decorative design etched in.

41. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 39, wherein said or plastic light-diffusing cover has a decorative design molded in.

42. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 17, wherein said glass light-diffusing cover has a decorative design molded in.

43. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 20, wherein said flame-simulation decorative figure is made of porcelain to achieve semi-transparent to translucent light diffusing qualities.

44. The microprocessor-based electronic flame simulation apparatus of claim 20, wherein said flame-simulation decorative figure is made of plastic to achieve semi-transparent to translucent light diffusing qualities.

45. A microprocessor-based electronic light pattern apparatus, comprising:

a plurality of electrical lighting circuits, each electrical lighting circuit comprising at least one lighting device having independently controlled light illumination;

a microprocessor for processing instructions and data representing output values for signal drivers to drive lighting devices in a relaxing light pattern to generate a plurality of output signals;

microprocessor-based computer instruction programs and stored data cooperatively operating in and with said microprocessor to process data representing output values for signal drivers to drive a lighting device in a relaxing light pattern;

a frequency reference source coupled to said microprocessor and providing an operating frequency reference for said microprocessor;

a plurality of signal drivers, each signal drivers being controlled by the respective one of said plurality of output signals and driving a corresponding lighting device; and

DC electrical power source input terminals for connecting DC power to the electrical lighting circuits, microprocessor, and signal drivers.

46. The microprocessor-based electronic light pattern apparatus of claim 45, wherein said microprocessor-based computer instruction programs and stored data cooperatively operating in and with the microprocessor comprises computer instruction programs with defined mode and waveform tables for effecting low-frequency intervals to generate a relaxing light pattern having randomness and disturbances, individually and in concert.

47. The microprocessor-based electronic light pattern apparatus of claim 46 further comprising a user input means and a user input means interface to provide an interface allowing for user input to control light patterns generated by the apparatus.