Self-clearing bone biting instrument

• US 5,925,050 A
• Filed: 08/15/1997
• Issued: 07/20/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 08/15/1997
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: University of Iowa Research Foundation
• Original Assignee: University of Iowa Research Foundation
• Inventors: Howard, Matthew A. III
• Primary Examiner(s): Buiz, Michael
• Assistant Examiner(s): Woo, Julian W.
• Application Number:
  US08/912,182
• Time in Patent Office: 704 Days
• Field of Search: 606/83, 606/170, 606/184, 600/567, 600/562
• US Class Current: 606/83
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1611 the two jaw elements being integral with respective elongate shaft elements

Abstract

A self-clearing bone biting surgical instrument comprises a stationary lower arm, including a lower arm recess and a foot plate; and a reciprocating upper arm, including a cutting tip located at its distal end for engagement with the foot plate in order to effect cutting or punching of tissue positioned between the foot plate and the cutting tip. An ejecting unit movable within the lower arm recess forcibly ejects debris lodged against the foot plate as the upper arm reciprocates rearwardly as part of the normal operating process of the instrument. A method of making a self-clearing bone biting instrument of the invention is also disclosed.

Claims

1. An instrument comprising:

a first arm;

a second arm, said second arm and said first arm reciprocally engageable for grasping a piece of material between said second arm and said first arm;

an ejecting unit for ejecting the piece of material; and

an actuating mechanism arranged such that it both actuates one arm with respect to the other arm and operates said ejecting unit.

2. The instrument of claim 1, wherein said ejecting unit comprises a flexible ejecting rod.

3. The instrument of claim 1, wherein said ejecting unit comprises a rigid ejecting rod.

4. The instrument of claim 1, wherein said actuator actuates said second arm, said second arm reciprocating in slidable engagement with respect to said first arm when said second arm is actuated by said actuator.

5. The instrument of claim 4, wherein said ejecting unit is coupled to said actuator.

6. The instrument of claim 4, wherein said ejecting unit comprises a flexible ejecting rod, said flexible ejecting rod moving counter to said second arm when said second arm is actuated by said actuator.

7. The instrument of claim 4, wherein said actuator is coupled to said first arm by a pivot pin, said ejecting unit comprises a flexible ejecting rod, and said flexible ejecting rod is coupled to said actuator at a location below to said pivot pin.

8. The instrument of claim 6, wherein said instrument further includes a tubular housing for housing a portion of said flexible ejecting rod.

9. The instrument of claim 8, wherein said tubular housing lies external to said first arm.

10. The instrument of claim 4, wherein said ejecting unit comprises a rigid ejecting rod, said rigid ejecting rod moving in tandem with said second arm when said second arm is actuated by said actuator.

11. The instrument of claim 4, wherein said actuator is coupled to said lower arm by a pivot pin, said ejecting unit comprises a rigid ejecting rod, and said rigid ejecting rod is coupled to said actuator at a location above to said pivot pin.

12. An instrument comprising:

a first arm;

a second arm, said second arm and said first arm reciprocally engageable for grasping a piece of material between said second arm and said first arm; and

an ejecting unit movable with respect to said first arm, wherein said first arm includes a first arm recess and said ejecting unit is mounted within said first arm recess.

13. The instrument of claim 12, further comprising an actuator pivotally mounted to said first arm.

14. The instrument of claim 13, wherein the actuator is arranged so as to enable a user to both cut and operate the ejecting unit by manipulating the actuator.

15. An instrument comprising:

a first arm;

a second arm, said second arm and said first arm reciprocally engageable for grasping a piece of material between said second arm and said first arm; and

an ejecting unit movable with respect to said first arm, wherein said ejecting unit comprises an ejecting lever pivotally mounted within said first arm.

16. The instrument of claim 15, further comprising an actuator pivotally mounted to said first arm.

17. The instrument of claim 16, wherein the actuator is arranged so as to enable a user to both cut and operate the ejecting unit by manipulating the actuator.

18. An instrument comprising:

a first arm;

a second arm, said second arm and said first arm reciprocally engageable for grasping a piece of material between said second arm and said first arm; and

an ejecting unit movable with respect to said first arm, wherein said first arm includes a first arm recess and a cutting surface, and said ejecting unit comprises an ejecting lever, said ejecting lever including a pivot post, said ejecting lever is pivotally mounted within said first arm recess via said pivot post, and said ejecting lever is capable of pivoting between an open position and a closed position with respect to said cutting surface.

19. An instrument comprising:

a first arm;

a second arm, said second arm and said first arm reciprocally engageable for grasping a piece of material between said second arm and said first arm; and

an ejecting unit movable with respect to said first arm, wherein said second arm includes an elbow, and said ejecting unit comprises a pivot post, and wherein said ejecting unit is forced from an open position to a closed position by said elbow as said elbow reciprocates to a point proximal to pivot post.

20. The instrument of claim 19, further comprising an actuator pivotally mounted to said first arm.

21. The instrument of claim 20, wherein the actuator is arranged so as to enable a user to both cut and operate the ejecting unit by manipulating the actuator.

22. A self-clearing rongeur, comprising:

a lower arm including a lower arm recess and a holding unit;

an actuator pivotally coupled to said lower arm;

an upper arm, said upper arm actuated by said actuator, said upper arm reciprocating in slidable engagement with respect to said lower arm when said upper arm is actuated by said actuator; and

an ejecting unit movably mounted with respect to said lower arm.

23. The self-clearing rongeur as claimed in claim 22, wherein said ejecting unit is selected from the group consisting of a flexible ejecting rod, a rigid ejecting rod, and an ejecting lever.

24. The self-clearing rongeur as claimed in claim 22, wherein said ejecting unit comprises a flexible ejecting rod, said flexible ejecting rod coupled to said actuator.

25. The self-clearing rongeur as claimed in claim 24, wherein said actuator is pivotally coupled to said lower arm via a pivot pin, and said flexible ejecting rod is coupled to said actuator at a location below to said pivot pin.

26. The self-clearing rongeur as claimed in claim 22, wherein said ejecting unit comprises a rigid ejecting rod, and said rigid ejecting rod is coupled to said actuator.

27. The self-clearing rongeur as claimed in claim 26, wherein said actuator is pivotally coupled to said lower arm via a pivot pin, and said rigid ejecting rod is coupled to said actuator at a location above to said pivot pin.

28. A self-clearing rongeur, comprising:

a first arm including a first arm recess and a holding unit;

an actuator pivotally coupled to said first arm;

a second arm, said second arm actuated by said actuator, and reciprocating in slidable engagement with respect to said first arm when said second arm is actuated by said actuator; and

an ejecting unit movably mounted with respect to said first arm, wherein said ejecting unit comprises an ejecting lever, said ejecting lever being pivotally mounted within said first arm recess via a pivot post.

29. The self-clearing rongeur as claimed in claim 28, wherein said first arm further includes a foot plate and a cutting surface, and wherein said ejecting lever is capable of pivoting between an open position and a closed position with respect to said cutting surface.

30. A self-clearing rongeur, comprising:

a first arm including a first arm recess and a holding unit;

an actuator pivotally coupled to said first arm;

a second arm, said second arm actuated by said actuator, and reciprocating in slidable engagement with respect to said first arm when said second arm is actuated by said actuator, wherein said second arm includes an elbow and a second arm recess, said second arm recess having a second arm recess superior portion and a second arm recess inferior portion, said elbow being located between said second arm recess superior portion and said second arm recess inferior portion; and

an ejecting unit movably mounted with respect to said first arm.

31. The self-clearing rongeur as claimed in claim 30, wherein said second arm further includes a second arm interior edge and said elbow is aligned with said second arm interior edge.

32. The self-clearing rongeur as claimed in claim 30, wherein said ejecting lever is forced from the open position to the closed position by said elbow as said elbow reciprocates to a point proximal to said pivot post.

33. A self-clearing rongeur, comprising:

a stationary lower arm including a holding unit, a lower arm distal end, a lower arm engagement unit, and a lower arm recess;

an actuator pivotally coupled to said stationary lower arm;

an actuator return unit coupled to said actuator and to said holding unit;

a movable upper arm including an upper arm engagement unit, said upper arm engagement unit cooperating with said lower arm engagement unit to hold said upper arm in slidable engagement with said lower arm, said upper arm actuated by said actuator, said upper arm reciprocating in slidable engagement with respect to said lower arm when said upper arm is actuated by said actuator; and

an ejecting unit located within said lower arm recess.

34. The self-clearing rongeur as claimed in claim 33, wherein said ejecting unit is selected from the group consisting of a flexible ejecting rod, a rigid ejecting rod, and an ejecting lever.

35. The self-clearing rongeur as claimed in claim 33, wherein said ejecting unit comprises a flexible ejecting rod, said flexible ejecting rod coupled to said actuator, said flexible ejecting rod moving substantially counter to said upper arm when said upper arm is actuated by said actuator.

36. A method for making a bone biting instrument, comprising the steps of:

a) providing an upper arm of the instrument;

b) providing a lower arm of the instrument, the lower arm including a lower arm recess;

c) providing an ejecting unit;

d) coupling the upper arm and the lower arm to each other;

e) coupling the lower arm to an actuator;

f) coupling the upper arm to the actuator; and

g) mounting the ejecting unit within the lower arm recess.

37. The method for making a bone biting instrument as claimed in claim 36, further comprising the step of h) coupling the ejecting unit to the actuator.

38. The method for making a bone biting instrument as claimed in claim 37, wherein said step c) comprises providing an ejecting unit including a flexible ejecting rod, said step e) comprises coupling the lower arm to the actuator via a pivot pin, and said step h) comprises coupling the flexible ejecting rod to the actuator at a location on the actuator below to the pivot pin.

39. The method for making a bone biting instrument as claimed in claim 37, wherein said step c) comprises providing an ejecting unit including a rigid ejecting rod having a shaft and a head portion, said step e) comprises coupling the lower arm to the actuator via a pivot pin, and said step h) comprises coupling the rigid ejecting rod to the actuator at a location on the actuator above to the pivot pin.

40. The method for making a bone biting instrument as claimed in claim 36, wherein said step c) comprises providing an ejecting unit including an ejecting lever having a pivot post, a shaft, and a boot.

41. The method for making a bone biting instrument as claimed in claim 40, wherein said step g) comprises pivotally mounting the ejecting lever, via the pivot post, within the lower arm recess.

42. The method for making a bone biting instrument as claimed in claim 36, wherein said step a) comprises providing an upper arm including an elbow and an upper arm recess, wherein the upper arm recess comprises an upper arm recess superior portion and an upper arm recess inferior portion, and wherein the elbow is located between the upper arm recess superior portion and the upper arm recess inferior portion.

43. The method for making a bone biting instrument as claimed in claim 36, wherein said step b) comprises providing a lower arm further including a foot plate, and the lower arm recess extending into the foot plate.

44. The method for making a bone biting instrument as claimed in claim 40, wherein said step g) comprises pivotally mounting the ejecting lever, via the pivot post, within the lower arm recess such that, when the instrument is fully assembled, the ejecting lever is capable of pivoting within the confines of the upper arm recess and the lower arm recess.

45. The method for making a bone biting instrument as claimed in claim 36, wherein said step d) comprises coupling the lower arm and the upper arm to each other such that the upper arm is held in slidable engagement with the lower arm and the upper arm is capable of moving reciprocally against the lower arm.

46. The method for making a bone biting instrument as claimed in claim 36, further comprising the step of coupling an actuator return unit to the actuator.

47. An instrument comprising:

a non-cutting arm, said non-cutting arm including a cutting surface;

a cutting arm, said cutting arm and said non-cutting arm reciprocally engageable for grasping a piece of material between said cutting arm and said non-cutting arm;

an ejecting unit for ejecting the piece of material; and

an actuating mechanism arranged such that it both actuates one arm with respect to the other arm and operates the ejecting unit.

48. The instrument of claim 47, wherein said non-cutting arm includes a noncutting arm recess and said ejecting unit is mounted within said non-cutting arm recess.

49. The instrument of claim 47, wherein said ejecting unit comprises a rigid ejecting rod.

50. The instrument of claim 47, wherein said ejecting unit comprises a flexible ejecting rod.

51. The instrument of claim 47, wherein said ejecting unit comprises an ejecting lever pivotally mounted by a pivot post within said non-cutting arm.

52. The instrument of claim 51, wherein said cutting arm includes an elbow, and wherein said ejecting unit is forced from an open position to a closed position by said elbow as said elbow reciprocates to a point proximal to the pivot post.

53. The instrument of claim 47, wherein said actuator actuates said cutting arm, said cutting arm reciprocating in slidable engagement with respect to said non-cutting arm when said cutting arm is actuated by said actuator.

54. The instrument of claim 53, wherein said actuator is coupled to said non-cutting arm by a pivot pin, and said ejecting unit is coupled to said actuator.

55. The instrument of claim 53, wherein said ejecting unit comprises an ejecting rod, said ejecting rod moving counter to said cutting arm when said cutting arm is actuated by said actuator.

56. The instrument of claim 55, wherein said instrument further comprises a tubular housing for housing a portion of said ejecting rod.