Adjusting contrast in anti-aliasing

• US 5,929,866 A
• Filed: 01/25/1996
• Issued: 07/27/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 01/25/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Adobe Systems Incorporated (Adobe Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Adobe Systems Incorporated (Adobe Inc.)
• Inventors: Arnold, R. David
• Primary Examiner(s): FETTING, ANTON W
• Application Number:
  US08/591,924
• Time in Patent Office: 1,279 Days
• Field of Search: 395/167, 395/172, 395/132, 395/169, 395/170, 395/131, 395/171, 345/471
• US Class Current: 345/471
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 15/02 using printers
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 2215/006 Anti-aliasing raster data
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 11/203 Drawing of straight lines or curves
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 5/28 for enhancement of character form, e.g. smoothing

Abstract

A method and apparatus for processing a character for anti-aliased display on a raster output device. A set of density values is computed for a set of raster positions to represent the character and the density values of the set are scaled to extend their range upward toward a maximum density value, whereby generally at least one of the density values of the set becomes the maximum density value. In one embodiment, the set of density values is computed from a rendering of the character at resolution higher than the resolution of the output device. In another embodiment, the character is created by a font having font metrics including a reference dimension, and the density values are scaled by computing adjusted values as a non-decreasing function of the original values, the function being defined to compute a maximum adjusted density value for at least one non-maximum density value.

Claims

1. A computer-implemented method for processing a character for anti-aliased display on a raster output device where the character is created at a type size by a font having font metrics including a standard stem width, the method comprising:

computing a set of density values to provide one density value for each of a set of raster positions to represent the character on the raster output device; and

comparing (i) the standard stem width scaled to the type size to (ii) a threshold value, and if the threshold value is exceeded increasing at least one of the density values in the computed set of density values, thereby compensating for fading that may occur in the display of the character on the raster output device.

2. The method of claim 1 where the output device has a resolution and the set of density values is computed from a rendering of the character at resolution higher than the resolution of the output device.

3. The method of claim 1 where

the density values are scaled by computing adjusted values as a non-decreasing function of the original values, the function being defined to compute a maximum adjusted density value for at least one non-maximum density value.

4. A computer-implemented method for processing a character for anti-aliased display on a raster output device having an output resolution and one or more output pixel positions for display of the character, the character being created at a type size by a font having font metrics including a reference dimension, the method comprising:

rendering the character at a resolution higher than the output resolution;

computing a set of original density values, one for each output pixel position used to display the character, from the rendering, wherein the set of original density values includes a highest density value;

computing an adjusted density value for at least one computed original density value by applying an adjustment function to the original density value, the adjustment function being defined to compute an adjusted density value having a maximum value when the adjustment function is applied to the highest density value; and

comparing (i) the reference dimension scaled to the type size to (ii) a threshold value, and bypassing the step computing an adjusted density value if the threshold value is exceeded.

5. The method of claim 4 where

the step of rendering the character generates bit values of a bit map or of a set of run array lines having a resolution higher than the output resolution;

and

the original density value is computed as a function of bit values generated in the rendering step.

6. The method of claim 5 where

the original density value is computed as a sum of bit values generated in the rendering step for positions that correspond to the output pixel position.

7. The method of claim 4 where the reference dimension is a scalable measure of a standard stem width for a vertical or horizontal stem.

8. The method of claim 4 further comprising:

computing a pixel value for the output pixel position from the adjusted density value, where the pixel value is computed by blending a foreground color and a background color according to the adjusted density value, and where foreground and background color are a chromatic color or a gray scale value; and

displaying pixel values on the raster output device.

9. The method of claim 4 further comprising the step of

caching the adjusted density value for use if anti-aliasing needs to be performed again for the character of the font.

10. A computer-implemented method for processing a character for anti-aliased display on a raster output device having an output resolution and one or more output pixel positions for display of the character, the character being created at a type size by a font having font metrics including a reference dimension, the method comprising:

rendering the character at a resolution higher than the output resolution;

computing a set of original density values, one for each output pixel position used to display the character, from the rendering, wherein the set of original density values includes a highest density value; and

computing an adjusted density value for at least one computed original density value by applying an adjustment function to the original density value, where the adjustment function is a function of the original density value and an index value and where the index value is approximately a maximum density value times the reference dimension scaled to the type size divided by a threshold stem width, the adjustment function being defined to compute a maximum value when applied to an original density value that is greater than or equal to the index value.

11. The method of claim 10 where

the adjustment function uses the index value to select a precomputed table that maps a density derived from the higher-resolution rendering to a value, where the table defines a non-decreasing function.

12. The method of claim 10 where the threshold stem width is in the range of approximately 1.0 to 2.3 pixels.

13. A storage device readable by a machine, tangibly embodying a set of computer-readable computer program instructions comprising instructions for processing a character for anti-aliased display on a raster output device where the character is created at a type size by a font having font metrics including standard stem width, the set of instructions comprising:

instructions for computing a set of density values for a set of raster positions to represent the character; and

instructions for comparing (i) the standard stem width scaled to the type size to (ii) a threshold value, and if the threshold value is exceeded increasing at least one of the density values of the set thereby compensating for fading that may occur in the display of the character on the raster output device.

14. The apparatus of claim 13 where the output device has a resolution and the instructions for scaling the set of density values computes from a rendering of the character at resolution higher than the resolution of the output device.

15. The apparatus of claim 13 where

the instructions for scaling the set of density values compute adjusted values as a non-decreasing function of the original values, the function being defined to compute a maximum adjusted density value for at least one non-maximum density value.

16. A storage device readable by a machine, tangibly embodying a set of computer-readable computer program instructions comprising instructions for processing a character for anti-aliased display on a raster output device having an output pixel position, the character being created at a type size by a font having font metrics including a reference dimension, the set of instructions comprising:

instructions for rendering the character at a resolution higher than the output resolution;

instructions for computing a set of original density values, one for each output pixel position, from the rendering, wherein the set of original density values includes a highest density value;

instructions for computing an adjusted density value for at least one computed original density value by applying an adjustment function to the original density value, the adjustment function being defined to compute an adjusted density value having a maximum density value when the adjustment function is applied to the highest density value; and

instructions for comparing (i) the reference dimension scaled to the type size to (ii) a threshold value, and bypassing the step of computing an adjusted density value if the threshold value is exceeded.

17. The apparatus of claim 16 where

the instructions for rendering the character generates bit values of a bit map or of a set of run array lines having a resolution higher than the output resolution;

and

the instructions for computing an original density value compute a function of bit values generated by the rendering instructions.

18. The apparatus of claim 17 where

the original density value is computed as a sum of bit values generated in the rendering step for positions that correspond to the output pixel position.

19. The apparatus of claim 16 where the reference dimension is a scalable measure of a standard stem width for a vertical or horizontal stem.

20. The apparatus of claim 16 further comprising:

instructions for computing a pixel value for the output pixel position from the adjusted density value, where the pixel value is computed by blending a foreground color and a background color according to the adjusted density value, and where foreground and background color are a chromatic color or a gray scale value; and

instructions for displaying pixel values on the raster output device.

21. The apparatus of claim 16 further comprising:

instructions for caching the adjusted density value for use if anti-aliasing needs to be performed again for the character of the font.

22. A storage device readable by a machine, tangibly embodying a set of computer-readable computer Program instructions comprising instructions for processing a character for anti-aliased display on a raster output device having an output pixel position, the character being created at a type size by a font having font metrics including a reference dimension, the set of instructions comprising:

instructions for rendering the character at a resolution higher than the output resolution;

instructions for computing a set of original density values, one for each output pixel position, from the rendering, wherein the set of original density values includes a highest density value; and

instructions for computing an adjusted density value for at least one computed original density value by applying an adjustment function to the original density value, the adjustment function is a function of the original density value and an index value and where the index value is approximately a maximum density value times the reference dimension scaled to the type size divided by a threshold stem width, the adjustment function being defined to compute a maximum density value when applied to an original density value that is greater than or equal to the index value.

23. The apparatus of claim 22 where

the adjustment function uses the index value to select a precomputed table that maps a density derived from the higher-resolution rendering to a value, where the table defines a non-decreasing function.

24. The apparatus of claim 22 where the threshold stem width is in the range of approximately 1.0 to 2.3 pixels.