Microfabricated differential extraction device and method
First Claim
1. A microfabricated extraction device for extracting desired particles from a sample stream containing said desired particles comprising:
- a. a sample stream inlet;
b. an extraction stream inlet;
c. an extraction channel having an aspect ratio (w/d) less than 50 joining with said sample stream inlet and said extraction stream inlet for receiving a sample stream from said sample stream inlet and an extraction stream from said extraction stream inlet, and forming parallel laminar flow therewith;
d. a by-product stream outlet in fluid communication with said extraction channel for receiving a by-product stream comprising at least a portion of said sample stream from which desired particles have been extracted; and
e. a product stream outlet in fluid communication with said extraction channel for receiving a product stream comprising at least a portion of said extraction stream and comprising desired particles extracted from said sample stream;
said device being constructed and arranged such that said parallel laminar flow is preserved throughout said extraction channel.
1 Assignment
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
This invention provides a microfabricated extraction system and methods for extracting desired particles from a sample stream containing desired and undesired particles. The sample stream is placed in laminar flow contact with an extraction stream under conditions in which inertial effects are negligible. The contact between the two streams is maintained for a sufficient period of time to allow differential transport of the desired particles from the sample stream into the extraction stream. In a preferred embodiment the differential transport mechanism is diffusion. The extraction system of this invention coupled to a microfabricated diffusion-based mixing device and/or sensing device allows picoliter quantities of fluid to be processed or analyzed on devices no larger than silicon wafers.
591 Citations
38 Claims
-
1. A microfabricated extraction device for extracting desired particles from a sample stream containing said desired particles comprising:
-
a. a sample stream inlet; b. an extraction stream inlet; c. an extraction channel having an aspect ratio (w/d) less than 50 joining with said sample stream inlet and said extraction stream inlet for receiving a sample stream from said sample stream inlet and an extraction stream from said extraction stream inlet, and forming parallel laminar flow therewith; d. a by-product stream outlet in fluid communication with said extraction channel for receiving a by-product stream comprising at least a portion of said sample stream from which desired particles have been extracted; and e. a product stream outlet in fluid communication with said extraction channel for receiving a product stream comprising at least a portion of said extraction stream and comprising desired particles extracted from said sample stream; said device being constructed and arranged such that said parallel laminar flow is preserved throughout said extraction channel. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34)
-
-
35. A microfabricated extraction device for extracting desired particles from a sample stream containing said desired particles comprising:
-
a. a sample stream inlet; b. an extraction stream inlet; c. an extraction channel having a depth less than about 100 micrometers joining with said sample stream inlet and said extraction stream inlet for receiving a sample stream from said sample stream inlet and an extraction stream from said extraction stream inlet, and forming parallel laminar flow therewith; d. a by-product stream outlet in fluid communication with said extraction channel for receiving a by-product stream comprising at least a portion of said sample stream from which desired particles have been extracted; and e. a product stream outlet in fluid communication with said extraction channel for receiving a product stream comprising at least a portion of said extraction stream and comprising desired particles extracted from said sample stream; said device being constructed and arranged such that said parallel laminar flow is preserved throughout said extraction channel.
-
-
36. An analytical system microfabricated on a silicon wafer comprising:
-
a. extraction means for extracting desired particles of an analyte comprising; (1) a sample stream inlet; (2) an extraction stream inlet; (3) an extraction channel having an aspect ratio (w/d) less than 50 joining with said sample stream inlet and said extraction stream inlet for receiving a sample stream from said sample stream inlet and an extraction stream from said extraction stream inlet, and forming parallel laminar flow therewith; (4) a by-product stream outlet in fluid communication with said extraction channel for receiving a by-product stream comprising at least a portion of said sample stream from which at least a portion of said desired analyte particles have been extracted; and (5) a product stream outlet in fluid communication with said extraction channel for receiving a product stream comprising at least a portion of said extraction stream and comprising desired analyte particles extracted from said sample stream; (6) said extraction means being constructed and arranged such that said parallel laminar flow is preserved throughout said extraction channel; b. a diffusion-based mixing device for mixing said product stream with an indicator substance capable of interacting with said desired analyte particles so as to enable their detection; c. a detection chamber wherein the presence of said desired analyte particles may be detected. - View Dependent Claims (37, 38)
-
Specification