Microfluidic analyzer module

• US 5,932,799 A
• Filed: 07/21/1997
• Issued: 08/03/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 07/21/1997
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: YSI Incorporated (Xylem, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: YSI Incorporated (Xylem, Inc.)
• Inventors: Moles, Donald R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Williams, Hezron
• Assistant Examiner(s): Politzer, Jay L.
• Application Number:
  US08/897,744
• Time in Patent Office: 743 Days
• Field of Search: 73/53.01, 422/56, 422/61, 435/288.4, 435/288.5, 435/288.7, 435/7.2, 251/61.1, 251/331
• US Class Current: 73/53.01
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2200/0689 Sealing
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/0887 Laminated structure
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2400/0638 membrane valves, flap valves
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 3/502707 characterised by the manufacture of the container or its components by shaping or joining plastic parts B29C59/00, B29C65/00; by laminating B32B37/00; manufacture of microstructural devices in general B81C
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 3/502738 characterised by integrated valves microvalves F16K99/0001
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 66/8264 using the thermal expansion of the parts to be joined
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/08 of synthetic resin
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/281 comprising polyimides
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/34 comprising polyamides
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 3/08 characterised by added members at particular parts layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side B32B3/14, B32B3/18
• CPC Class Codes: F16K 2099/0074 using photolithography, e.g. etching
• CPC Class Codes: F16K 2099/0084 Chemistry or biology, e.g. "lab-on-a-chip" technology
• CPC Class Codes: F16K 99/0001 Microvalves microdevices B81B1/00; manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate B81C1/00; microfluidic structures B01L3/5027; micropumps F04B19/006
• CPC Class Codes: F16K 99/0015 Diaphragm or membrane valves
• CPC Class Codes: F16K 99/0059 actuated by a pilot fluid
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2035/00247 Microvalves

Abstract

A microfluidic analyzer module. The module is constructed of a plurality of channel forming laminate layers that are directly bonded together without adhesive or other possible contaminant source located proximate the flow channels. The channel forming laminate layers define a network of fluid flow channels. A valve containing layer is directly, adhesivelessly bonded over the channel containing layers. A flexible valve member integral with the valve layer opens and closes communication between feed and sensor channels of the channel network.

Claims

1. A microfluidic analyzer module comprising:

(a) a first sheet of an adhesiveless self-bondable polyimide having a top surface and a bottom surface;

(b) a second sheet of an adhesiveless self-bondable polyimide having a top surface and a bottom surface, said first and second polyimide sheets being in superposed relation with said bottom surface of said first sheet of polyimide facing said top surface of said second sheet of polyimide, said sheets being directly bonded together at the interface of the sheets without an adhesive; and

(c) at least one fluid flow channel at the interface of said first sheet and said second sheet.

2. A microfluidic analyzer module as recited in claim 1 wherein said polyimide of said first sheet and said second sheet contains an organotin compound.

3. A microfluidic module as recited in claim 1 wherein said flow channels comprise a feed channel and a sensor channel, said module further comprising valve means operatively associated with said feed channel and said sensor channel for selectively opening and closing communication between said feed channel and said sensing channel, and a sensing element disposed in said sensor channel to detect the presence or concentration of an analyte in said sensor channel.

4. A microfluidic analyzer module as recited in claim 3 wherein said feed channel comprises a feed channel bore extending upwardly through said first sheet of polyimide and terminating in said top surface of said first sheet of polyimide, said sensor channel comprising a sensor channel bore extending upwardly through said first sheet of polyimide and terminating in said top surface of said first sheet of polyimide proximate said feed channel bore, said valve means comprising a flexible material positioned over said feed channel bore and said sensor channel bore, actuation means connected to said valve means for pressing said flexible material over said feed channel bore and said sensor channel bore to block communication therebetween and for relaxing said flexible material in spaced relation over said top surface of said first sheet of polyimide for opening communication therebetween.

5. A microfluidic analyzer module as recited in claim 4 wherein said sensing element comprises an optical sensing element.

6. A microfluidic analyzer module as recited in claim 4 wherein said sensing element comprises an electrochemical sensing element.

7. A microfluidic analyzer module as recited in claim 6 wherein said electrochemical sensing element comprises an electrode.

8. A laminated microfluidic analyzer module comprising first, second and third layers of polymeric materials, said first and second layers being interfacing layers of adhesiveless self-bondable polyimide polymer which are directly bonded together without adhesive to form a structure having a top surface and a bottom surface, said structure having a fluid flow channel formed at the interface of said layers, said fluid flow channel being in communication with said top surface of said structure, a portion of said top surface being in operative association with said fluid flow channel and constituting a valve region, said third layer of polymeric material superposed over said top surface of said structure overlying said valve region, the portion of said third polymeric material overlying said valve region constituting a valve, said third layer of polymeric material being flexible and being bonded over said top surface of said structure except at said valve region, said third layer of polymeric material retaining its flexibility at said valve region, and a valve actuator operatively associated with said third layer of polymeric material at said valve region for selectively flexing said third layer and thereby closing and opening said valve.

9. A laminated microfluidic analyzer module as recited in claim 8 wherein the polyimide of said first and second layers contains an organotin compound.

10. Laminated microfluidic analyzer module as recited in claim 8 further including a fourth layer overlying said third layer, said fourth layer comprising a concave surface portion overlying said valve in said third layer.

11. Laminated microfluidic analyzer module as recited in claim 10 wherein said valve actuator comprises a pressure source communicating with said concave surface portion.

12. A laminated microfluidic module as recited in claim 8 wherein said module includes a feed channel, a sensor channel, and valve means operatively associated with said feed-channel and said sensor channel for selectively opening and closing communication between said feed channel and said sensor channel, and a sensor disposed in said sensor channel to detect the presence or concentration of an analyte in said sensor channel.

13. A laminated microfluidic analyzer module as recited in claim 12 wherein said feed channel includes a feed channel bore extending upwardly through said first sheet of polyimide and terminating in said top surface of said first sheet of polyimide, said sensor channel includes a sensor channel bore extending upwardly through said first sheet of polyimide and terminating in said top surface of said first sheet of polyimide proximate said feed channel bore, said valve means includes a flexible material positioned over said feed channel bore and said sensor channel bore, actuation means connected to said valve means for pressing said flexible material over said feed channel bore and said sensor channel bore to block communication therebetween and for relaxing said flexible material in spaced relation over said top surface of said first sheet of polyimide for opening communication therebetween.

14. A laminated microfluidic analyzer module as recited in claim 13 wherein said sensor is an optical sensor.

15. A laminated microfluidic analyzer module as recited in claim 13 wherein said sensor is an electrochemical sensor.

16. A laminated microfluidic analyzer module as recited in claim 15 wherein said electrochemical sensor includes an electrode.