Microprocessor having timer circuit generating complementary non-overlapped PWM signals

• US 5,933,344 A
• Filed: 03/13/1996
• Issued: 08/03/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 03/20/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Renesas Electronics Corporation
• Original Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
• Inventors: Saito, Hiroshi, Kajiwara, Hisashi, Yamagata, Hiromasa, Takechi, Kenji, Hashimura, Koichi, Mitsuishi, Naoki
• Primary Examiner(s): Gordon, Paul P.
• Assistant Examiner(s): PATEL, RAMESH B
• Application Number:
  US08/614,715
• Time in Patent Office: 1,238 Days
• Field of Search: 364/724.01, 364/724.1, 364/724.16, 364/723, 364/757, 364/758, 364/487, 364/130, 364/136, 364/141, 364/143, 364/140.08, 364/148.01, 364/148.08 , 364/486, 364/724.14, 364/224.03, 364/736.01, 375/1, 235/92 PE
• US Class Current: 700/13
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 11/28 using pulse-height modulation; using pulse-width modulation
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 23/0077 Characterised by the use of a particular software algorithm
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 27/08 with pulse width modulation

Abstract

Two up-counters and two down-counters having a time difference corresponding to a dead time are provided to realize an up-down symmetric count, such that the up-counters and the down-counters are made to count the lower limit and the upper limit (a 1/2 period+the dead time), the up-counter for counting a relatively large value and the down-counter for counting a relatively large value are made to contact at the upper limit, the up-counter for counting a relatively small value and the down-counter for counting a relatively small value are made to intersect at a count value corresponding to the 1/2 period, the up-counter for counting the relatively large value and the down-counter for counting the relatively large value are made to intersect at the count value corresponding to the dead time, and the up-counter for counting the relatively small value and the down-counter for counting the relatively small value are made to contact at the lower limit.

Claims

1. A circuit in a single chip microcomputer, comprising:

a first register storing a first value;

a second register storing a second value larger than the first value;

a third register storing a third value larger than the second value, wherein the difference between the second value and the third value corresponds to the first value;

a first counter receiving clock signals, wherein the first counter generates a count value by counting up and down between the first value and the third value by counting the clock signals;

a second counter receiving the clock signals, wherein the second counter generates a count value by counting up and down between a fourth value smaller than the first value and the second value by counting the clock signals, wherein the difference between the first value and the fourth value corresponds to the first value, wherein the difference between the count value of the first counter and the count value of the second counter corresponds to the first value, wherein the second counter counts up when the first counter counts up, and wherein the second counter counts down when the first counter counts down;

a third counter receiving the clock signals, wherein the third counter generates a count value by counting up and down between the first value and the fourth value and between the third value and the second value by counting the clock signals, wherein the third counter begins to count down from the third value when the count value of the first counter matches the second value, wherein the third counter begins to count up from the second value when the count value of the second counter matches the second value, wherein the third counter begins to count up from the fourth value when the count value of the second counter matches the first value, and wherein the third counter begins to count down from the first value when the count value of the first counter matches the first value;

a fourth register storing a fifth value between the fourth value and the third value;

an up-down control circuit coupled to the first, second and third counters and controlling up and down counting of the first, second and third counters;

a compare circuit, wherein the compare circuit compares the fifth value with the respective count values of the first and second counters when the fifth value is between the first value and the second value, wherein the compare circuit compares the fifth value with the respective count values of the first counter counting up and the third counter counting up or with the respective count values of the first counter counting down and the third counter counting down when the fifth value is larger than the second value, and wherein the compare circuit compares the fifth value with the respective count values of the second counter counting down and the third counter counting down or with the respective count values of the second counter counting up and the third counter counting up when the fifth value is smaller than the second value, wherein complementary non-overlapped PWM signals are generated.

2. A circuit according to claim 1, further comprising:

a control logic circuit coupled to receive an output of the compare circuit, and having;

a first function for producing a positive phase signal of the complementary non-overlapped PWM signals,

wherein, in a period when the fifth value is larger than the second value, the positive phase signal changes from a first state to a second state in response to the count value of the first counter matching the fifth value when the first counter is counting up, and changes from the second state to the first state in response to the count value of the first counter matching the fifth value when the first counter is counting down, and

wherein, in a period when the fifth value is smaller than the first value, the positive phase signal changes from the first state to a! the second state in response to the count value of the third counter matching the fifth value when the third counter is counting up, and changes from the second state to the first state in response to the count value of the third counter matching the fifth value when the third counter is counting down, and

a second function for producing a negative phase signal of the complementary non-overlapped PWM signals,

wherein, in the period when the fifth value is smaller than the first value, the negative phase signal changes from the second state to the first state in response to the count value of the second counter matching the fifth value when the second counter is counting up, and changes from the first state to the second state in response to the count value of the second counter matching the fifth value when the second counter is counting down,

wherein, in the period when the fifth value is larger than the second value, the negative phase signal changes from the second state to the first state in response to the count value of the second counter matching the fifth value when the third counter is counting up, and changes from the first state to the second state in response to the count value of the second counter matching the fifth value when the third counter is counting down,

first, second and third counters is compared with the sixth value during a period when the third counter is counting,

wherein the fifth value corresponds to either a count-up or count-down operation of the first, second and third counters, and the sixth value corresponds to the other of the count-up or the count-down operation of the first, second and third counters.

3. A circuit according to claim 2,

wherein the complementary non-overlapped PWM signals are coupled to drive a motor.

4. A circuit according to claim 3,

wherein the fifth value in the fourth register is compared with the respective count values of the first, second and third counters in the period when the count value of the second counter is between the fourth value and the first value and in the period when the count value of the first counter is between the second value and the third value.

5. A circuit according to claim 3, further comprising:

a fifth register storing a sixth value that is to be stored in the fourth register as a new value after a period when the third counter stops counting,

wherein, when the sixth value is set in the fifth register, the count value of the respective first, second and third counters is compared with the sixth value during a period when the third counter is counting,

wherein the fifth value corresponds to either a count-up or count-down operation of the first, second and third counters, and the sixth value corresponds to the other of the count-up or the count-down operation of the first, second and third counters.

6. A timer circuit, included in a single-chip microcomputer, for generating complementary non-overlapped pulse width modulation signals, comprising:

a first register storing a first value;

a second register storing a second value larger than the first value;

a third register storing a third value larger than the second value, wherein the difference between the second value and the third value corresponds to the first value;

a first counter receiving clock signals, wherein the first counter generates a count value by counting up and down between the first value and the third value by counting the clock signals;

a second counter receiving the clock signals, wherein the second counter generates a count value by counting up and down between a fourth value smaller than the first value and the second value by counting the clock signals, wherein the difference between the first value and the fourth value corresponds to the first value, wherein the difference between the count value of the first counter and the count value of the second counter corresponds to the first value, wherein the second counter counts up when the first counter counts up, and wherein the second counter counts down when the first counter counts down;

a third counter receiving the clock signals, wherein the third counter generates a count value by counting up and down between the first value and the fourth value and between the third value and the second value by counting the clock signals, wherein the third counter begins to count down from the third value when the count value of the first counter matches the second value, wherein the third counter begins to count up from the second value when the count value of the second counter matches the second value, wherein the third counter begins to count up from the fourth value when the count value of the second counter matches the first value, and wherein the third counter begins to count down from the first value when the count value of the first counter matches the first value;

a fourth register storing a fifth value between the fourth value and the third value, wherein the fifth value is selectively changed by a central processing unit;

an up-down control circuit coupled to the first, second and third counters and controlling up and down counting of the first, second and third counters;

a compare circuit, wherein the compare circuit compares the fifth value with the respective count value of the first and second counters when the fifth value is between the first value and the second value, wherein the compare circuit compares the fifth value with the respective count value of the first counter counting up and the third counter counting up or with the respective count value of the first counter counting down and the third counter counting down when the fifth value is greater than the second value, and wherein the compare circuit compares the fifth value with the respective count value of the second counter counting down and the third counter counting down or with the respective count value of the second counter counting up and the third counter counting up when the fifth value is less than the second value, wherein complementary non-overlapped PWM signals are generated.

7. A timer circuit according to claim 6, further comprising:

a control logic circuit coupled to receive an output of the compare circuit and having;

a first function for producing a positive phase signal of the complementary non-overlapped PWM signals,

wherein, in a period when the fifth value is greater than the second value, the positive phase signal changes from a first state to a second state in response to the count value of the first counter matching the fifth value when the first counter is counting up, and changes from the second state to the first state in response to the count value of the first counter matching the fifth value when the first counter is counting down, and

wherein, in a period when the fifth value is less than the first value, the positive phase signal changes from the first state to the second state in response to the count value of the third counter matching the fifth value when the third counter is counting up, and changes from the second state to the first state in response to the count value of the third counter matching the fifth value when the third counter is counting down; and

a second function for producing a negative phase signal of the complementary non-overlapped PWM signals,

wherein, in the period when the fifth value is less than the first value, the negative phase signal changes from the second state to the first state in response to the count value of the second counter matching the fifth value when the second counter is counting up, and changes from the first state to the second state in response to the count value of the second counter matching the fifth value when the second counter is counting down,

wherein, in the period when the fifth value is greater than the second value, the negative phase signal changes from the second state to the first state in response to the count value of the second counter matching the fifth value when the third counter is counting up, and changes from the first state to the second state in response to the count value of the second counter matching the fifth value when the third counter is counting down.

8. A timer circuit according to claim 7, wherein the complementary non-overlapped PWM signals are coupled to drive a motor.

9. A timer circuit according to claim 7,

wherein the fifth value in the fourth register is compared with the respective count values of the first, second and third counters in the period when the count value of the second counter is between the fourth value and the first value and in the period when the count value of the first counter is between the second value and the third value.

10. A timer circuit according to claim 8, further comprising:

a fifth register storing a sixth value that is to be stored in the fourth register as a new value after a period when the third counter stops counting,

wherein, when the sixth value is set in the fifth register, the count value of the respective first, second and third counters are compared with the sixth value during a period when the third counter is counting,

wherein the fifth value corresponds to either a count-up or count-down operation of the first, second and third counters, and the sixth value corresponds to the other of the count-up or count-down operation of the first, second and third counters.

11. In a semiconductor integrated circuit, a method for producing complementary non-overlapping PWM signals, comprising the steps of:

counting between a first value and a third value with a first counter;

counting between a fourth value and a second value with a second counter;

wherein the first value is greater than the fourth value, the second value is greater than the first value, and the third value is greater than the second value;

counting between the second value and the third value and between the first value and the fourth value with a third counter, wherein the third counter counts down from the third value when the count value of the first counter matches the second value, wherein the third counter counts up from the second value when the count value of the second counter matches the second value, wherein the third counter counts up from the fourth value when the count value of the second counter matches the first value, and wherein the third counter counts down from the first value when the count value of the first counter matches the first value;

storing a fifth value;

generating the complementary non-overlapped PWM signals, wherein the step of generating the complementary non-overlapped PWM signals comprises the steps of comparing the fifth value with the respective count values of the first and second counters when the fifth value is between the first value and the second value, comparing the fifth value with the respective count values of the first counter counting up and the third counter counting up or with the respective count values of the first counter counting down and the third counter counting down when the fifth value is larger than the second value, and comparing the fifth value with the respective count values of the second counter counting down and the third counter counting down or with the respective count values of the second counter counting up and the third counter counting up when the fifth value is smaller than the second value.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the fifth value is selectively changed by a central processing unit.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein the semiconductor integrated circuit comprises a single chip microcomputer.

14. The method of claim 11, wherein the complementary non-overlapping PWM signals are coupled to a motor.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the motor is applied in an air conditioner, freezer, pump or machine tool.

16. The method of claim 11, wherein the third counter comprises a single counter for counting between the second value and the third value and between the first value and the fourth value.

17. The method of claim 11, wherein the fifth value corresponds to the duty cycle of the complementary non-overlapping PWM signals.

18. The method of claim 11, wherein the difference between the count values of the first and second counters corresponds to dead time in the complementary non-overlapping PWM signals.

19. The method of claim 11, wherein the second counter counts up when the first counter counts up, and wherein the second counter counts down when the first counter counts down.