Active implantable medical device enslaved to a signal of acceleration

• US 5,935,153 A
• Filed: 11/20/1997
• Issued: 08/10/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 11/21/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Sorin CRM USA (MicroPort Scientific Corp.)
• Original Assignee: Ela Medical S.A. (LivaNova Plc)
• Inventors: Legay, Thierry
• Primary Examiner(s): Kamm, William E.
• Assistant Examiner(s): EVANISKO, GEORGE ROBERT
• Application Number:
  US08/974,444
• Time in Patent Office: 628 Days
• Field of Search: 607/17-19
• US Class Current: 607/19
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36542 controlled by body motion, e.g. acceleration

Abstract

An active implantable medical device, particularly a cardiac pacemaker, which is enslaved to a signal representative of acceleration, having a measuring circuit (10) comprising at least one sensor (12) delivering a signal of acceleration, and circuits (22-24) to deliver, in response to the signal of acceleration, a parameter of enslavement of at least one function of the device, particularly that of a cardiac stimulation frequency. According to the invention, a circuit (24) operates to limit, in the detection of increase in acceleration, a value linked to the module of the signal of acceleration. Preferably, the limitation is operated on a value proportional to the square of the signal of acceleration, more particularly on a quadratic sum of individual acceleration components (X_i, Y_i, Z_i) according to at least two distinct axes delivered by a respective number of sensors.

Claims

1. An active implantable medical device capable of functioning in an enslaved mode, said device comprising:

a measurement circuit comprising at least one sensor responsive to an acceleration and having an acceleration signal representative of said acceleration and a derivation circuit responsive to the acceleration signal for deriving a module of the acceleration signal;

circuitry for determining, in response to the module of the acceleration signal, a parameter of enslavement (S) of at least one function of the device; and

means for detecting increases or decrease in the acceleration signal;

means for limiting the module of the signal of acceleration when an increase in the signal of acceleration is detected by the means for detecting increases or decreases in the acceleration signal, resulting in a limited module of the signal of acceleration.

2. The device of claim 1, further comprising means for deriving a square of the acceleration signal wherein the means for limiting the module of the signal of acceleration utilises the value proportional to the square of the signal of acceleration.

3. The device of claim 2, in which the measurement circuit comprises at least two sensors producing signals representative of acceleration along at least two distinct axes, the device further comprises means for deriving a quadratic sum of individual acceleration components and wherein the means for limiting the module of the signal of acceleration utilises the quadratic sum of individual acceleration components corresponding to said at least two distinct axes.

4. The device of claim 1, further comprising an analog to digital converter in which components of the signal of acceleration are sampled at a predetermined interval in a manner to calculate at each sampling instant an instantaneous square module value (M_i²).

5. The device of claim 4, in which the means for limiting further comprises means for comparing a first instantaneous square module value (M_i²) associated with a current sample and a limited instantaneous square module value (M_i-1²_-- L) associated with a preceding sample.

6. The device of claim 5, in which the means for limiting further comprises means for retaining the limited value (M_i-1²_-- L) as the current sample (M_i²) if the increase is less than a programmable threshold (SLR), and as the preceding sample, increased by the the programmable threshold (M_i-1²_-- L+SLR), if the increase is not less than the threshold.

7. The device of claim 1, in which the parameter of enslavement (S) is one of an efficient value and a quadratic average of the limited module of the signal of the acceleration.

8. The device of claim 1 wherein the function is a stimulation frequency of a cardiac pacemaker.

9. A method of controlling an active implantable medical device having an enslaved function, comprising:

detecting a signal corresponding to acceleration along at least a first axis;

determining a module of the signal of acceleration;

determining an increase in patient activity in response to an increase in said acceleration signal;

determining a parameter (S) of enslavement of at least one function of the device in response to said determined module; and

,

limiting in response to the determined increase in acceleration, the increase in acceleration signal to said function via the module.

10. The method of claim 9, in which the limiting step comprises determining a limiting value proportional to a square of the signal of acceleration.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the step of detecting a signal corresponding to acceleration comprises detecting individual signals corresponding to acceleration components detected on at least two perpendicular axes and in which the limiting step comprises calculating a quadratic sum of individual acceleration components according to said at least two axes.

12. The method of claim 9, further comprising sampling the signal of acceleration and calculating at each sampling an instantaneous square module value (M_i²).

13. The method of claim 12, in which the limiting step further comprises comparing the value (M_i²) associated with a current sample to a limited value associated with a preceding sample (M_i-1²).

14. The method of claim 13, in which the limiting step further comprises determining the limited value as the value (M_i²) associated with the current sample if the increase in acceleration is less than a programmable threshold (SLR), and determining the limited value as the value associated with the preceding sample (M_i-1²) increased by the threshold if the increase in acceleration is not less than the threshold.

15. The method of claim 9, further comprising providing the parameter of enslavement (S) as one of an efficient value and a quadratic average of the limited signal of acceleration.

16. A cardiac pacemaker having a cardiac stimulation frequency enslaved to acceleration limited according to the method of any of claims 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 or 15.

17. A pacemaker having a controllable stimulation frequency controlled by a control parameter related to the patient'"'"'s effort, comprising:

a pacemaker box having a flat surface for implanting in a vertical orientation in a patient;

first means for measuring a first signal corresponding to an acceleration due to patient effort along a first axis;

second means for measuring a second signal corresponding to acceleration due to patient effort along a second axis, wherein the first and second axes are perpendicular to one another and parallel to said flat surface of the pacemaker box;

means for providing a module of a signal of acceleration from the first and second signals;

means for computing the control parameter for controlling the stimulation frequency based on the first and second signals;

means for detecting an increase in said first and said second acceleration signals; and

means for limiting a value utilized in providing the module of the signal of acceleration in response to the detected increase in acceleration signals.

18. In a pacemaker having a controllable stimulation frequency, a method for providing a control parameter related to the effort of a patient, comprising the steps of:

providing a pacemaker box with a flat surface for implantation in a patient so that said surface is disposed in a vertical orientation;

measuring first and second signals corresponding to acceleration caused by patient effort, along first and second axes which are perpendicular to one another and parallel to said flat surface of the pacemaker box;

providing a module of a signal of acceleration from the first and second signals;

computing the control parameter based on the first and second signals; and

providing said control parameter for controlling the pacemaker stimulation frequency;

determining an increasing acceleration; and

limiting a value utilized in providing the module of the signal of acceleration in response to said determined increase in acceleration.

19. A method for calculating a control parameter related to a patient'"'"'s effort for use in controlling a stimulation frequency of a pacemaker comprising:

a) measuring first and second signals corresponding to the acceleration along first and second axes which are perpendicular to one another;

b) providing a sum of absolute values of the first and second signals as a third signal; and

c) integrating the third signal over a time period and providing said integrated third signal as the control parameter used to control the stimulation frequency of the pacemaker;

d) determining an increase in acceleration via said first and said second signals; and

e) limiting the third signal in response to the determined increase in acceleration.