Control system for a phacoemulsification handpiece

• US 5,938,677 A
• Filed: 10/15/1997
• Issued: 08/17/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 10/15/1997
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Alcon Research Limited (Nestle SA)
• Original Assignee: Alcon Laboratories Incorporated (Alcon Incorporated)
• Inventors: Salehi, Ahmad, Boukhny, Mikhail
• Primary Examiner(s): Dawson, Glenn K.
• Application Number:
  US08/950,162
• Time in Patent Office: 671 Days
• Field of Search: 310/311, 310/316-322, 310/36, 318/631, 318/636, 318/638, 331/1 R, 331/13, 331/16, 331/154, 606/1, 606/107, 606/167, 606/169, 604/19, 604/22, 604/35
• US Class Current: 606/169
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00017 Electrical control of surgical instruments
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00725 Calibration or performance testing
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 9/00745 using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
• CPC Class Codes: B06B 1/0253 taken directly from the generator circuit
• CPC Class Codes: B06B 2201/40 with testing, calibrating, safety devices, built-in protection, construction details

Abstract

A system and method for tuning and controlling ultrasonic handpieces by varying the frequency of the drive signal that is fed to the handpiece by a discrete dither increment. A digital signal processor may be used to measure the response of the handpiece to the varying drive signal and compare these responses to determine the probable value of the actual series resonance. The output of the digital signal processor is used to generate control parameters embodied within an appropriate control signal, which is fed to the source of the drive signal in order to alter aspects of the drive signal.

Claims

1. A method of controlling an ultrasonic handpiece having a variable series resonance frequency, comprising the steps of:

a) generating a drive signal having,

i. a first signal at a first frequency substantially equal to a known current value of a series resonance frequency,

ii. a second signal at a second frequency greater than the first frequency and

iii. a third signal at a third frequency less than the first frequency;

b) exciting the handpiece with the drive signal;

c) measuring a first admittance at the first frequency, a second admittance at the second frequency, and a third admittance at the third frequency;

d) predicting a future series resonance frequency based on the relative values of the first admittance, the second admittance, and the third admittance; and

e) changing the first frequency by a dithering increment equal to the absolute value of the difference between the second frequency and the first frequency.

2. The method of claim 1, in wherein the step of changing the first frequency further comprises:

a. reducing the first frequency if;

i. the third admittance is less than the first admittance and the first admittance is less than or equal to the second admittance or

ii. the third admittance is less than the second admittance and the second admittance is less than the first admittance;

b. maintaining the first frequency substantially constant if the third admittance substantially equals the second admittance and the third and second admittances are less than the first admittance; and

c. increasing the first frequency if;

i. the second admittance is less than the third admittance and the third admittance is less than or equal to the first admittance or

ii. the second admittance is less than the first admittance and the first admittance is less than the third admittance.

3. The method of claim 2, in which each of the reducing and increasing steps further comprises determining the dithering increment by which the first frequency is reduced or increased, respectively.

4. The method of claim 3, in which the dithering increment is between approximately 0.001 and 0.1 times the difference between an initial value of a series resonance frequency and an initial value of a parallel resonance frequency of the handpiece.

5. The method of claim 4, in which the dithering increment is approximately 0.01 times the difference between the initial value of the series resonance and the initial value of the parallel resonance of the handpiece.

6. The method of claim 3, further comprising the step of adjusting the dithering increment.

7. A method of controlling during a surgical procedure an ultrasonic phacoemulsification handpiece having a characteristic unloaded series resonance frequency, comprising the steps of:

a) generating a first drive signal at a first frequency substantially equal to the unloaded series resonance frequency of the handpiece;

b) exciting the handpiece with the first drive signal;

c) measuring a first admittance at the first frequency;

d) determining a second frequency that differs from the first frequency by a dithering increment;

e) generating a second drive signal at the second frequency;

f) exciting the handpiece with the second drive signal;

g) measuring a second admittance at the second frequency;

h) predicting a future series resonance frequency at a third frequency based on a comparison of the first admittance to the second admittance and the first frequency to the second frequency;

i) setting the first frequency equal to the second frequency and the first admittance equal to the second admittance;

j) setting the second frequency equal to the third frequency; and

k) repeating steps e-j until the surgical procedure is completed.

8. The method of claim 7, in which the determining step further comprises:

i. setting the third frequency to a value greater than the second frequency if;

A. the second admittance is less than the first admittance and the first frequency is less than the second frequency or

B. the second frequency is greater than or equal to the first frequency and the second admittance is greater than or equal to the first admittance;

or

ii. setting the third frequency to a value less than the second frequency if;

A. the second admittance is less than the first admittance and the first frequency is greater than or equal to the second frequency or

B. the second admittance is greater than or equal to the first admittance and the second frequency is less than the first frequency.