Protein-colloidal metal-aminodextran coated particle and methods of preparation and use
First Claim
1. A stable colloidal particle comprising:
- (a) a colloidal-sized core substrate having amine-reactive functional groups thereon;
(b) an aminodextran coating over the peripheral surface of said substrate;
(c) a layer of colloidal-sized metallic solid overlaying said aminodextran coating, wherein the metal for said metallic solid is selected from the group consisting of metals which can be reduced from the ionic state to the metal(0) state by the aminodextran coating of said core;
(d) an aminotrithiolate linker attached to said metallic solid, said linker having a free amino group; and
(e) a protein attached to said linker by covalently bonding to said free amino group.
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Abstract
A stable colloidal particle comprises a colloidal-sized core substrate having amine-reactive functional groups thereon with an aminodextran coating over its peripheral surface and a layer of colloidal-sized metallic solid overlaying the aminodextran coating. A linker comprising aminotrithiolate attached to the metallic solid has a free amino group to which a protein is attached by covalent bonding to the free amino group. Such novel particles are useful in flow cytometry, particularly useful in the simultaneous analyses of subpopulations of leukocytes. Methods of preparation of such particles, as well as methods of use are provided. These conjugates enable the simultaneous analyses of at least two different mutually exclusive subsets of white blood cells, based on the binding affinity of the conjugated protein.
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Citations
32 Claims
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1. A stable colloidal particle comprising:
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(a) a colloidal-sized core substrate having amine-reactive functional groups thereon; (b) an aminodextran coating over the peripheral surface of said substrate; (c) a layer of colloidal-sized metallic solid overlaying said aminodextran coating, wherein the metal for said metallic solid is selected from the group consisting of metals which can be reduced from the ionic state to the metal(0) state by the aminodextran coating of said core; (d) an aminotrithiolate linker attached to said metallic solid, said linker having a free amino group; and (e) a protein attached to said linker by covalently bonding to said free amino group. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
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24. A method of preparing a stable colloidal particle which comprises the steps of:
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(a) covalently binding an aminodextran to aldehyde functionalized polystyrene particles to provide aminodextran coated polystyrene particles; (b) crosslinking additional aminodextran to the particles of step (a) by the use of a selected crosslinking agent and reducing the unstable bonds with a reducing agent; (c) reacting said aminodextran-coated particles with an excess of metal salt in an aqueous medium at an elevated temperature, in the presence of a second reducing agent, resulting in colloidal metal-aminodextran coated particles; (d) attaching an aminotrithiolate linker having a free amino group to said colloidal metal-aminodextran coated particles, which linker allows conjugation of proteins to the surface of the metal-colloid coated particles; (e) activating the amino group of the linker on the colloidal metal-coated particles with a bifunctional crosslinking agent; (f) activating a selected protein with an amino binding reagent which provides a sulfhydryl group; (g) purifying each said activated component (e) and (f); and (h) mixing a sufficient amount of an aqueous solution of said activated protein to saturate reactive groups on the particle with an aqueous suspension of said activated particle at room temperature for a sufficient period of time for conjugation between said protein and particle to occur, resulting in a stable colloidal particle. - View Dependent Claims (25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32)
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Specification