Read/write protect scheme for a disk cartridge and drive

• US 5,949,601 A
• Filed: 06/27/1997
• Issued: 09/07/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 03/10/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: EMC Corporation (Dell Technologies Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Iomega Corporation (Dell Technologies Inc.)
• Inventors: Thompson, David A., Bruderer, Clark C., Allen, Gregory M., Braithwaite, David G.
• Primary Examiner(s): Psitos, Aristotelis M.
• Assistant Examiner(s): FABER, ALAN
• Application Number:
  US08/884,180
• Time in Patent Office: 802 Days
• Field of Search: 360/60, 360/133, 360/69, 380/3, 380/4, 707/9, 369/275, 369/2, 386/94
• US Class Current: 360/60
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 19/04 Arrangements for preventing, inhibiting, or warning against double recording on the same blank or against other recording or reproducing malfunctions
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/00086 Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy indicating unauthorised use of record carriers in general G11B23/28; scrambling for television signal recording H04N5/913; network architectures or network protocols for network security H04L63/00; cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communication H04L9/00
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/00152 involving a password
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/00695 said measures preventing that data are read from the recording medium
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/00702 said measures preventing that data are recorded on the recording medium
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/00768 wherein copy control information is used, e.g. for indicating whether a content may be copied freely, no more, once, or never, by setting CGMS, SCMS, or CCI flags
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 23/288 Protecting disks from being written or overwritten

Abstract

A method of inhibiting inadvertent and unauthorized writing and reading of information to and from a storage medium comprises the steps of (a) writing a first code in a predetermined location on the storage medium, the first code being indicative of a first protection mode of the storage medium; (b) receiving a command to change the protection mode of the storage medium from the first protection mode to a second protection mode; and, in response to the command, (c) writing in the predetermined location on the storage medium, in place of the first code, a second code indicative of the second protection mode. A protection mode can inhibit writing to the storage medium, both writing and reading to and from the medium, or neither. Changing of protection modes can also be password protected.

Claims

1. A removable disk cartridge comprising an outer casing devoid of a mechanical write protect switch and a storage medium disposed within said outer casing, said storage medium having a code stored thereon that indicates a protection mode of said storage medium, the code being rewritable so that the protection mode of the storage medium can be changed;

wherein said rewritable protection code is written in only a small, predefined number of tracks on said storage medium yet defines the protection mode of a comparatively larger number of data tracks in which said protection code is not written, whereby the protection mode of all of said larger number of data tracks in which said protection code is not written is definable by way of said protection code written in said small number of tracks.

2. The disk cartridge recited in claim 1 wherein a password is written on the storage medium, the password being associated with the code, whereby a disk drive cannot rewrite the code unless a password received by the disk drive matches the password.

3. The disk cartridge recited in claim 1 wherein the protection mode indicated by the code comprises one of a protection mode wherein writing of information to the storage medium is inhibited, a protection mode wherein writing and reading of information to and from the storage medium are not inhibited, and a protection mode wherein both writing and reading of information to and from the storage medium are inhibited.

4. The disk cartridge recited in claim 1 wherein the rewritable code is written at a plurality of positions on said storage medium.

5. The disk cartridge recited in claim 1 wherein the rewritable code is written at different locations in opposite surfaces of said storage medium.

6. The disk cartridge recited in claim 1 wherein the rewritable code is written on at least one track on said storage medium that is not accessible by a host computer interfaced to said disk drive.

7. The disk cartridge recited in claim 1 wherein said storage medium comprises one of a magnetic storage medium, a rewritable optical storage medium and a magneto-optical storage medium.

8. A disk cartridge as recited in any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7, wherein said cartridge further comprises a hub rotatably mounted in said casing, wherein said storage medium is affixed to said hub;

means for providing access to said hub to a disk drive; and

a head access opening in a front peripheral edge of said casing for providing access to said storage medium to read/write heads of the disk drive.

9. A disk cartridge as recited in claim 8, wherein the cartridge is accessible by a disk drive, when inserted therein, comprising a microprocessor and memory containing software for controlling access to said storage medium, wherein said software is programmed to prevent a user from changing said code, indicating the protection mode of the storage medium, unless the user enters a correct password.

10. A disk cartridge as recited in claim 9, wherein said head access opening is formed in a front peripheral edge of said casing.

11. A disk cartridge as recited in claim 10, further comprising a shutter slidably mounted to said casing so as to cover said head access opening when said disk cartridge is not inserted in said drive.

12. A disk cartridge as recited in claim 11, wherein said casing further comprises a rear peripheral edge opposite said front peripheral edge;

a top surface and a bottom surface; and

grooves formed in at least one of said top and bottom surfaces adjacent said rear peripheral edge.

13. A disk cartridge as recited in claim 12, wherein said casing comprises upper and lower shells that mate to form the casing.

14. A disk cartridge as recited in claim 1, wherein said cartridge is adapted for use in a disk drive of the type adapted for electronic communication with a host computer to provide the host computer with controlled access to data stored on the storage medium, said disk cartridge further comprising:

a prescribed number of accessible concentric tracks disposed on a first prescribed portion of said storage medium; and

an inaccessible concentric track disposed on a second prescribed portion of said storage medium, said inaccessible concentric track comprising a write/read protect sector containing said rewritable protection code, said code being indicative of one of a predefined set of protection modes of said disk cartridge;

wherein said accessible tracks are controllably accessible to said host through said disk drive, depending on which of said protection modes is indicated by said protection code, and said inaccessible track is inaccessible to said host computer regardless of the protection mode indicated by said protection code.

15. A disk cartridge as recited in claim 14, wherein said first prescribed number of accessible tracks is approximately 1800.

16. A disk cartridge as recited in claim 14, wherein there are a second prescribed number of inaccessible tracks, said second prescribed number being greater than one.

17. A disk cartridge as recited in claim 16, wherein said storage medium comprises two planar surfaces each of which is capable of storing magnetically recorded data, wherein said second prescribed number of inaccessible tracks is four, and wherein there are two inaccessible tracks disposed on each of said planar surfaces.

18. A disk cartridge as recited in claim 17, wherein said second prescribed portion is situated radially outside of said first prescribed portion.

19. A disk cartridge as recited in claim 17, wherein said second prescribed portion is situated radially inside of said first prescribed portion.

20. A disk cartridge as recited in claim 17, wherein said second prescribed portion comprises a first sub-portion situated radially inside of said accessible tracks and a second sub-portion situated radially outside of said accessible tracks, wherein at least one inaccessible track is disposed on each of said sub-portions.

21. A disk cartridge as recited in claim 14, wherein said inaccessible track includes at least one write/read protect sector comprising an ID field and a data field, said ID field containing identification information distinguishing the write/read protect sector from other sectors in said inaccessible track, and said data field comprising a predefined number of data bytes.

22. A disk cartridge as recited in claim 21, wherein said predefined number of data bytes is 512.

23. A disk cartridge as recited in claim 22, wherein a first portion of said data field stores said protection code to indicate a current protection mode of the cartridge.

24. A disk cartridge as recited in claim 23, wherein a second portion of said data field stores a password.

25. A disk cartridge as recited in claim 24, wherein said password has a predefinable length and the data field comprises the following arrangement of sub-fields:

space="preserve" listing-type="tabular">______________________________________ Byte #1 protection code;

Byte #2 password length;

Byte #3-34 password;

Byte #34-511 unused. ______________________________________

26. A method for setting a protection mode of a removable disk cartridge of the type that is received by a disk drive, said disk drive being in communication with a host computer and being responsive to a protection code stored on said storage medium to inhibit host access to said storage medium in accordance with a current protection mode indicated by said code, comprising the steps of:

(a) providing a removable disk cartridge comprising an outer casing devoid of a mechanical write protect switch and a storage medium disposed in said outer casing and having a code stored thereon that indicates a current protection mode of said storage medium, the code being rewritable so that the protection mode of the storage medium can be changed, wherein said rewritable protection code is written in only a small, predefined number of tracks on said storage medium yet defines the protection mode of a comparatively larger number of data tracks in which said protection code is not written, whereby the current protection mode of all of said larger number of data tracks in which said protection code is not written is definable by way of said protection code written in said small number of tracks;

(b) receiving a command to change the protection mode of said storage medium from said current protection mode to a different protection mode; and

, in response to the command,

(c) writing in said predetermined location on the storage medium, in place of the current code, a different code indicative of the different protection mode, said different protection mode and different code becoming said current protection mode and current code; and

(d) repeating steps (b) and (c) whenever it is desired again to change the protection mode of the storage medium.

27. A method as recited in claim 26, wherein said removable cartridge is adapted for use in a disk drive of the type adapted for electronic communication with a host computer to provide the host computer with controlled access to data stored on the storage medium, said removable disk cartridge further comprising:

a prescribed number of accessible concentric tracks disposed on a first prescribed portion of said storage medium; and

an inaccessible concentric track disposed on a second prescribed portion of said storage medium, said inaccessible concentric track comprising a write/read protect sector containing said rewritable protection code, said code being indicative of one of a predefined set of protection modes of said disk cartridge;

wherein said accessible tracks are controllably accessible to said host through said disk drive, depending on which of said protection modes is indicated by said protection code, and said inaccessible track is inaccessible to said host computer regardless of the protection mode indicated by said protection code.

28. A method as recited in claim 27, wherein said first prescribed number of accessible tracks is approximately 1800.

29. A method as recited in claim 27, wherein there are a second prescribed number of inaccessible tracks, said second prescribed number being greater than one.

30. A method as recited in claim 29, wherein said storage medium comprises two planar surfaces each of which is capable of storing magnetically recorded data, wherein said second prescribed number of inaccessible tracks is four, and wherein there are two inaccessible tracks disposed on each of said planar surfaces.

31. A method as recited in claim 30, wherein said second prescribed portion is situated radially outside of said first prescribed portion.

32. A method as recited in claim 30, wherein said second prescribed portion is situated radially inside of said first prescribed portion.

33. A method as recited in claim 30, wherein said second prescribed portion comprises a first sub-portion situated radially inside of said accessible tracks and a second sub-portion situated radially outside of said accessible tracks, wherein at least one inaccessible track is disposed on each of said sub-portions.

34. A method as recited in claim 27, wherein said inaccessible track includes at least one write/read protect sector comprising an ID field and a data field, said ID field containing identification information distinguishing the write/read protect sector from other sectors in said inaccessible track, and said data field comprising a predefined number of data bytes.

35. A method as recited in claim 34, wherein said predefined number of data bytes is 512.

36. A method as recited in claim 35, wherein a first portion of said data field stores said protection code to indicate a current protection mode of the cartridge.

37. A method as recited in claim 36, wherein a second portion of said data field stores a password.