Diesel engine exhaust particle collection device

• US 5,950,424 A
• Filed: 10/07/1996
• Issued: 09/14/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 10/24/1995
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisya Sbl
• Original Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisya Sbl
• Inventors: Nojima, Kouzaburou
• Primary Examiner(s): ARGENBRIGHT, TONY MICHAEL
• Application Number:
  US08/726,904
• Time in Patent Office: 1,072 Days
• Field of Search: 60/275, 60/297, 55/DIG. 30, 95/57, 96/15, 96/62, 96/60
• US Class Current: 60/275
• CPC Class Codes: B03C 2201/10 Ionising electrode with two or more serrated ends or sides
• CPC Class Codes: B03C 2201/30 for use in or with vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B03C 3/011 Prefiltering; Flow controlling
• CPC Class Codes: B03C 3/025 Combinations of electrostatic separators, e.g. in parallel or in series, stacked separators or dry-wet separator combinations
• CPC Class Codes: B03C 3/41 Ionising-electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 2450/30 Removable or rechangeable blocks or cartridges, e.g. for filters
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 3/01 by means of electric or electrostatic separators
• CPC Class Codes: F02B 3/06 with compression ignition compression ignition engines using air or gas for blowing fuel into compressed air in cylinder F02B13/02
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/12 Improving ICE efficiencies
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 55/30 Exhaust treatment

Abstract

A collection device for collecting, under electrical control, particles (10) in an exhaust from a diesel engine is disclosed. The device has a needle electrode (8) having a needle tip (8a) for charging up the particles (10) by creating a corona discharge around the needle tip (8a) collecting electrode (11) for collecting the charged particles (10a) by electrostatic force and a high voltage power source (13) for applying prescribed high voltage between the needle electrode (8) and the collecting electrode (11), the high voltage power source (13) electrically being connected with the needle electrode (8) and the collecting electrode (11).

Claims

1. A diesel engine exhaust particle collection device for collecting, under electrical control, particles in an exhaust from a diesel engine, comprising:

a needle electrode having a needle tip for charging up said particles by creating a corona discharge around said needle tip;

a collecting electrode for collecting said charged particles by electrostatic force;

a deflection electrode for imparting deflection force to said charged particles towards said collecting electrode;

a high voltage power source for applying a prescribed high voltage between said needle electrode and said collecting electrode and between said deflection electrode and said collecting electrode;

said needle electrode being fixed to a tip of said deflection electrode;

said deflection electrode being rod-shaped and larger in diameter than said needle electrode, a shoulder portion being formed thereby;

wherein exhaust gas passing close to said needle electrode is disturbed in flow by said shoulder portion and forced to stay for a longer period of time in said corona discharge.

2. A diesel engine exhaust particle collection device according to claim 1, wherein said needle tip being directed toward an upstream side of said exhaust passage, thereby forming an electrode assembly of said needle electrode and said deflection electrode.

3. A diesel engine exhaust particle collection device according to claim 2, wherein at least one tunnel through which exhaust gases pass are defined by an electrode plate of said collecting electrode, said electrode assembly being disposed within said tunnel.

4. A diesel engine exhaust particle collection device according to claim 3, wherein a number of tunnels demarcated by the electrode plates of said collecting electrodes are arranged in lattice fashion, said electrode assembly consisting of a needle electrode and a deflection electrode being arranged within a respective one of said tunnels.

5. A diesel engine exhaust particle collection device according to claim 4, having one or more collection units wherein a number of said tunnels demarcated by the electrode plates of said collecting electrodes are arranged in lattice fashion and said electrode assembly consisting of a needle electrode and a deflection electrode is arranged in each said tunnel and a device casing provided with an inlet and outlet for said exhaust and that holds said collection units received therein.

6. A diesel engine exhaust particle collection device according to claim 5, wherein said collection unit is removably received and disposed in said device casing.

7. A diesel engine exhaust particle collection device according to claim 6, wherein said collection unit comprises a concave electrode subunit including a number of said tunnels demarcated in lattice fashion by the electrode plates of said collecting electrodes, and a convex electrode subunit including a plurality of said electrode assemblies consisting of a needle electrode and a deflection electrode, respectively corresponding to said tunnels, and wherein said concave electrode subunit and said convex electrode subunit are slotted together in a freely removable state.

8. A diesel engine exhaust particle collection device according to claims 5, 6 or 7, wherein of the cross-sectional area of said collection unit, the area of the region that essentially constitutes a channel for the exhaust is set to be at least twice as great as the cross-sectional area of said exhaust passage of the diesel engine.

9. A diesel engine exhaust particle collection device according to claim 1, wherein positive-polarity high voltage is applied to said needle electrode, thereby generating positive ions by creating a corona discharge around the needle tip, whereas said collecting electrode are earthed.

10. A diesel engine exhaust particle collection device according to claim 1, wherein speed reduction means for smoothly slowing down exhaust flow is provided in a vicinity of said needle electrode.

11. A diesel engine exhaust particle collection device according to claim 1, wherein said diesel engine is a

vehicle-mounted diesel engine.