Method and apparatus for serialized interrupt transmission

• US 5,951,669 A
• Filed: 12/27/1996
• Issued: 09/14/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 12/27/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Apple Computer Incorporated (Apple Inc.)
• Inventors: Bird, Lesley A., Kelly, James D., Bailey, Robert L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Maung, Zarni
• Assistant Examiner(s): Ovedovitz, David M.
• Application Number:
  US08/773,686
• Time in Patent Office: 991 Days
• Field of Search: 395/733, 395/843, 395/853, 395/183.1
• US Class Current: 710/260
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 13/24 using interrupt G06F13/32 takes precedence

Abstract

A computer system in which interrupt signals are serially transmitted from an input/output (I/O) controller is disclosed. The I/O controller initially receives the interrupt signals and then serially transmits them to an interrupt controller where the received interrupt signals are managed. According to the invention, the sequencing by which the interrupt signals are serially transmitted is controlled such that it largely conforms to the sequencing by which the received interrupt signals are processed at the interrupt controller, thereby controlling and reducing latency. The interrupt controller can be a separate integrated circuit chip or integral to another integrated circuit chip of the computer system.

Claims

1. An interrupt handling apparatus comprising:

a first I/O controller in a first packaged integrated circuit chip, said first I/O controller receives or generates a plurality of incoming interrupt signals from a plurality of devices;

an interrupt controller in a second packaged integrated circuit chip, said interrupt controller processes interrupts for a plurality of devices;

a serial data link operatively connecting said first I/O controller of the first packaged integrated circuit chip and said interrupt controller of the second packaged integrated circuit chip; and

a synchronization link operatively connecting said interrupt controller of the second packaged integrated circuit chip and said first I/O controller of the first packaged integrated circuit chip,

wherein a synchronization signal is transmitted from said interrupt controller to said first I/O controller over said synchronization link, and the incoming interrupt signals are serially transmitted from said first I/O controller to said interrupt controller over said serial data link in accordance with the synchronization signal, and

wherein the synchronization signal operates to align the serial transmission of the incoming interrupt signals with processing of the interrupts by said interrupt controller subject to a predetermined offset amount.

2. An interrupt handling apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein said interrupt handling apparatus further comprises:

a clock link, operatively connecting said interrupt controller of the second packaged integrated circuit chip and said first I/O controller of the first packaged integrated circuit chip, for supplying a clock signal from said interrupt controller to said first I/O controller such that the incoming interrupt signals are serially transmitted from said first I/O controller to said interrupt controller over said serial data link in accordance with the clock signal and the synchronization signal.

3. An interrupt handling apparatus as recited in claim 2, wherein said first I/O controller operates to transmit one of the incoming interrupt signals each cycle of the clock signal.

4. An interrupt handling apparatus as recited in claim 3, wherein the predetermined offset amount is a one or more of the cycles of the clock signal in duration.

5. An interrupt handling apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein said first I/O controller comprises:

a multiplexer having an input corresponding to each of the incoming interrupt signals and an output coupled to said serial data link, said multiplexer operates to connect one of the inputs to the output based on a send-index signal; and

a synchronization coordinator for receiving the synchronization signal and producing the send-index signal.

6. An interrupt handling apparatus as recited in claim 5,

wherein said interrupt handling apparatus further comprises:

a clock link, operatively connecting said interrupt controller of the second packaged integrated circuit chip and said first I/O controller of the first packaged integrated circuit chip, for supplying a clock signal from said interrupt controller to said first I/O controller such that the incoming interrupt signals are serially transmitted from said first I/O controller to said interrupt controller over said serial data link in accordance with the clock signal and the synchronization signal, and

wherein said synchronization coordinator updates the send-index signal each cycle of the clock signal so as to transmit a different one of the incoming interrupt signals each cycle of the clock signal.

7. An interrupt handling apparatus as recited in claim 5, wherein said synchronization coordinator further produces a start over signal to signal said first I/O controller to restart the transmission of the incoming interrupt signals in a predetermined order.

8. An interrupt handling apparatus as recited in claim 1,

wherein said interrupt handling apparatus further comprises:

a second I/O controller in a third packaged integrated circuit chip, said second I/O controller receives a plurality of incoming interrupt signals from a plurality of devices, and

wherein said interrupt controller processes interrupts for the plurality of devices associated with both said first and second I/O controllers, said second I/O controller is operatively connected to said a serial data link and said synchronization link.

9. An interrupt handling apparatus as recited in claim 8,

wherein the synchronization signal is transmitted from said interrupt controller to said first and second I/O controllers over said serial data link,

wherein during a first time period, the incoming interrupt signals received at said first I/O controller are serially transmitted from said first I/O controller to said interrupt controller over said serial data link in accordance with the synchronization signal,

wherein during a second time period, the incoming interrupt signals received at said second I/O controller are serially transmitted from said second I/O controller to said interrupt controller over said serial data link in accordance with the synchronization signal, and

wherein the second time period does not overlap with the first time period.

10. An interrupt handling apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein the second packaged integrated circuit chip is a memory controller.

11. An interrupt handling apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein the second packaged integrated circuit chip is a microprocessor.

12. An interrupt controller for receiving and processing a plurality of interrupt signals from a plurality of devices, said interrupt controller comprises:

a serial data input port for receiving a serial stream of interrupt signals from an I/O controller;

processing means for sequentially selecting and processing each of the interrupt signals within the serial stream;

a synchronization manager for producing a synchronization signal, the synchronization signal being used to align the transmission of the interrupt signals within the serial stream to the respective processing of the received interrupt signals by said processing means; and

a synchronization signal output port for forwarding the synchronization signal from said interrupt controller to the I/O controller.

13. An interrupt controller as recited in claim 12, wherein said synchronization manager comprises:

means for producing the synchronization signal.

14. An interrupt handling apparatus as recited in claim 12, wherein the second packaged integrated circuit chip is a memory controller.

15. An interrupt handling apparatus as recited in claim 12, wherein the second packaged integrated circuit chip is a microprocessor.

16. A method for synchronizing transmission of interrupt signals from a first integrated circuit chip that receives the interrupt signals to an interrupt controller, said method comprising:

(a) placing the interupt signals to be transmitted in a first sequential order;

(b) receiving an alignment signal from the interrupt controller, the alignment signal being received over a synchronization link provided from the interrupt controller to the first integrated circuit chip; and

(c) serially transmitting the interrupt signals to the interrupt controller over a serial data link in accordance with the first sequential order and the alignment signal such that the transmission of the interrupt signals is aligned with processing of the interrupt signals at the interrupt controller so as to reduce latency.

17. A method as recited in claim 16,

wherein said receiving (b) further receives a clock signal from the interrupt controller, and

wherein said transmitting (c) operates to transmit the interrupt signals synchronized with the clock signal received from the interrupt controller.

18. A method as recited in 16, wherein said method further comprises:

(d) receiving the transmitted interrupt signals at the interrupt controller;

(e) processing the received interrupt signals in a second sequential order; and

(f) producing and transmitting the alignment signal based on the second sequential order.

19. A method for transmitting interrupt signals to an interrupt controller from a first integrated circuit chip, said method comprising:

(a) placing the interrupt signals to be transmitted in a first sequential order;

(b) serially transmitting the interrupt signals to the interrupt controller over a serial data link in accordance with the first sequential order;

(c) receiving the series transmission of the interrupt signals at the interrupt controller;

(d) processing the received interrupt signals at the interrupt controller in a second sequential order; and

(e) forwarding a synchronization signal from the interrupt controller to the first integrated circuit ship over a synchronization link to indicate a position in the second sequential order with respect to the first sequential order.

20. A method as recited in claim 19, wherein the second order follows the first order by some predetermined offset.

21. A method as recited in claim 19, wherein the synchronization signal includes a hold signal when said processing (d) deviates from the second sequential order.

22. A method as recited in claim 21,

wherein the deviation from the second sequential order is temporary and then said processing (d) returns to the second sequential order, and

wherein the hold signal causes said transmitting (b) to stop the first sequential order for a period of time.