Water purification using reverse osmosis device for formulation of medical solution

• US 5,951,863 A
• Filed: 06/20/1994
• Issued: 09/14/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 08/20/1990
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Hospira Incorporated (Pfizer Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Abbott Laboratories
• Inventors: Kruger, Robert J., Larkin, Mark E., Mayoral, Joaquin, Siczek, Roman W, Schmolesky, Brad A., Frederick, Warren P, Timmons, Kenneth J., Helgren, R. Hayes
• Primary Examiner(s): KIM, SUN U
• Application Number:
  US08/262,421
• Time in Patent Office: 1,912 Days
• Field of Search: 210/652, 210/259, 210/321.75, 210/641, 210/317, 210/257.2, 210/181, 210/186, 210/134, 210/143, 210/175, 210/252, 210/258, 210/321.65, 210/321.71, 604/4, 604/5, 604/6, 604/29, 604/30
• US Class Current: 210/321.71
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1643 with weighing of fresh and used dialysis fluid
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1662 with heat exchange between fresh and used dialysate
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/28 Peritoneal dialysis ; Other peritoneal treatment, e.g. oxygenation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/281 Instillation other than by gravity
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/284 Continuous flow peritoneal dialysis [CFPD]
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/288 Priming priming in extracorporeal blood circuits A61M1/3643
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3613 by body heat
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2311/08 Specific process operations in the concentrate stream
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2311/14 Pressure control
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2311/165 Cross-flow velocity control
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2313/086 Meandering flow path over the membrane
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2313/143 on the feed side
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2313/24 Specific pressurizing or depressurizing means
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 61/026 comprising multiple reverse osmosis steps
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 63/1031 Glue line or sealing patterns
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 63/106 Anti-Telescopic-Devices [ATD]
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 63/12 comprising multiple spiral-wound assemblies
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/441 by reverse osmosis

Abstract

Medical drug formulation and delivery system includes a reverse osmosis device for purifying water from a source comprising a housing having an inlet for passage of water from the source, a first outlet for passage of purified water from the housing and a second outlet for passage of waste water remaining after purification. A first reverse osmosis multilayer assembly is disposed within the housing in fluid communication with the inlet for purification of at least a first portion of the water from the source. Water treatment chemicals can be positioned in a core about which the first reserve osmosis multilayer assembly is wound. The treatment chemicals are in fluid communication with the first reverse osmosis multilayer assembly to receive the first purified portion of water and for removal of at least chemical contaminants therefrom. A second reverse osmosis multilayer assembly is also wound on the core and is in fluid communication with the water treatment chemicals to receive the chemically purified water for purification of at least a second portion thereof. The second reserve osmosis multilayer assembly is in fluid communication with the first outlet so as to permit passage of the second portion of purified water therethrough. In one preferred embodiment, the first and second reverse osmosis assemblies are formed integrally in a side by side configuration. In an alternative embodiment, they are rolled about the core in an interleaf configuration.

Claims

1. Hemodialysis system for treating a patient comprising:

a. reverse osmosis device for purifying water from a source and having;

1. input means for coupling to the source of water;

2. first reverse osmosis means being in spiral flow fluid communication with said input means for purification of at least a first portion of the water from the source, said first reverse osmosis means constructed and arranged to provide at least a first reverse osmosis multilayer assembly spirally rolled about a first axis so as to provide a generally spiral flow path for the water from the source; and

3. second reverse osmosis means being in spiral flow fluid communication with said first reverse osmosis means to receive the purified first portion of water for further purification of at least a second portion of the water, said second reverse osmosis means constructed and arranged to provide at least a second reverse osmosis multilayer assembly spirally rolled about a second axis so as to provide a generally spiral flow path for at least some of the purified portion of water from the first reverse osmosis means; and

b. means for supplying a predetermined amount of drug;

c. means for mixing the purified second portion of the water with the drug to provide a dialysate solution; and

d. means for delivering the dialysate solution to a hemodialyzer.

2. The system according to claim 1 further comprising means for draining waste water from said reverse osmosis device.

3. The system according to claim 2 further comprising means for draining spent dialysate solution from the hemodialyzer.

4. The system according to claim 2 further comprising computer means for predetermined, selective and automatic control of said draining means.

5. The system according to claim 1 wherein said reverse osmosis device further comprises chemical means being in fluid communication with said first reverse osmosis means to receive said first purified portion of water and for removal of at least chemical contaminants from said first purified portion of water before passing on to said second reverse osmosis means.

6. The system according to claim 1 further comprising means for heating the water from the source, said heating means being coupled to the input means of the reverse osmosis device so as to heat the water before purification.

7. The system according to claim 1 further comprising a high pressure pump fluidly coupled between said source and said reverse osmosis device so as to provide sufficient pressure to allow for proper operation of said reverse osmosis device.

8. The system according to claim 7 further comprising means for heating the water from the source, said heating means being fluidly coupled between said high pressure pump and said source so as to heat the water before purification.

9. The system according to claim 7 further comprising means for heating the water from the source, said heating means being fluidly coupled between said high pressure pump and said reverse osmosis device so as to heat the water before purification.

10. The system according to claim 1 wherein said reverse osmosis device further includes a first outlet for passage of purified water from the second reverse osmosis means and a second outlet for passage of waste water.

11. The system according to claim 10 wherein said reverse osmosis device further comprises a third outlet for passage of waste water.

12. The apparatus according to claim 11 wherein said first osmosis means is in fluid communication with said third outlet so as to permit passage of waste water through said third outlet.

13. The apparatus according to claim 12 wherein said second reverse osmosis means is in fluid communication with said second outlet for passage of waste water through said second outlet.

14. The apparatus according to claim 10 wherein said second reverse osmosis means is in fluid communication with said second outlet for passage of waste water through said second outlet.

15. The system according to claim 10 further comprising a heat exchanger means fluidly coupled to said second outlet of said reverse osmosis device and disposed in thermal relationship with the water from the source so as to provide for transfer of heat from said waste water to the water to be heated.

16. The system according to claim 10 further comprising means for draining spend dialysate solution from the hemodialyzer and a heat exchanger means fluidly coupled to said means for draining spent dialysate solution and disposed in thermal relationship with the water from the source so as to provide for transfer of heat from said solution to the water to be heated.

17. The system according to claim 1 wherein said reverse osmosis device further includes a first outlet for passage of purified water from said second reverse osmosis means and said supplying means comprises a storage container having a coupling end and containing a predetermined drug, and a metering system in fluid communication with said coupling end of said storage container to receive a predetermined amount of drug and further being in fluid communication with said purified second portion of the water after passing through said first outlet.

18. The system according to claim 17 further comprising means for sterilizing said coupling end of said storage container when being coupled and decoupled to said metering system.

19. The system according to claim 1 wherein said supplying means comprises a storage container having a coupling end and containing a predetermined drug, and a metering system in fluid communication with said coupling end of said storage container to receive a predetermined amount of drug, said reverse osmosis device further includes a first outlet for passage of purified water from said second reverse osmosis means and said mixing means is in fluid communication with said first outlet and said metering system so as to receive said purified second portion of the water and said predetermined amount of drug for preparation of a dialysate solution.

20. The system according to claim 19 wherein said mixing means comprises an ultrasonic mixer.

21. The system according to claim 19 wherein said mixing means is an electromagnetic mixer.

22. The system according to claim 19 wherein said mixing means is an electromechanical mixer.

23. The system according to claim 19 wherein said mixing means is a static mixer.

24. The system according to claim 1 further comprising pump means fluidly coupled between said supplying means and said reverse osmosis device.

25. The system according to claim 1 further comprising pump means fluidly coupled between said mixing means and the hemodialyzer.

26. The system according to claim 1 further comprising pump means fluidly coupled between the hemodialyzer and a drain means for receiving the spent dialysate solution.

27. The system according to claim 1 further comprising computer means for predetermined, selective and automatic control of said delivery means.

28. The system according to claim 1 further comprising computer means for predetermined, selective and automatic control of said supplying means.

29. The system according to claim 1 further comprising computer means for predetermined, selective and automatic control of said mixing means.

30. The system according to claim 1 wherein said reverse osmosis device further comprises chemical means being in fluid communication with said second reverse osmosis means to receive said second purified portion of water and for removal of at least chemical contaminants from said second purified portion of water.

31. The system according to claim 30 further comprising a filtration means fluidly coupled to said chemical means for further purification of said second purified portion of water.

32. System for irrigating a portion of a patient'"'"'s body comprising:

a. reverse osmosis device for purifying water from a source and having;

1. input means for coupling to the source of water;

2. first reverse osmosis means being in spiral flow fluid communication with said input means for purification of at least a first portion of the water from the source, said first reverse osmosis means constructed and arranged to provide at least a first reverse osmosis multilayer assembly spirally rolled about a first axis so as to provide a generally spiral flow path for the water from the source; and

3. second reverse osmosis means being in spiral flow fluid communication with said first reverse osmosis means to receive the purified first portion of water for further purification of at least a second portion of the water, said second reverse osmosis means constructed and arranged to provide at least a second reverse osmosis multilayer assembly spirally rolled about a second axis so as to provide a generally spiral flow path for at least some of the purified portion of water from the first reverse osmosis means; and

b. means for supplying the purified second portion of the water to the portion of the patient'"'"'s body.

33. System for irrigating a portion of a patient'"'"'s body comprising:

a. reverse osmosis device for purifying water from a source and having;

1. input means for coupling to the source of water;

2. first reverse osmosis means being in spiral flow fluid communication with said input means for purification of at least a first portion of the water from the source, said first reverse osmosis means constructed and arranged to provide at least a first reverse osmosis multilayer assembly spirally rolled about a first axis so as to provide a generally spiral flow path for the water from the source; and

3. second reverse osmosis means being in spiral flow fluid communication with said first reverse osmosis means to receive the purified first portion of water for further purification of at least a second portion of the water, said second reverse osmosis means constructed and arranged to provide at least a second reverse osmosis multilayer assembly spirally rolled about a second axis so as to provide a generally spiral flow path for at least some of the purified portion of fluid from the first reverse osmosis means; and

b. means for supplying a predetermined amount of drug;

c. means for mixing the purified second portion of the water with the drug to provide a drug solution; and

d. means for delivering the drug solution to the portion of the patient'"'"'s body.

34. The system according to claim 33 wherein said reverse osmosis device further comprises chemical means being in fluid communication with said first reverse osmosis means to receive said first purified portion of water and for removal of at least chemical contaminants from said first purified portion of water before passing on to said second reverse osmosis means.

35. The system according to claim 34 further comprising means for heating the water from the source, said heating means being coupled to the input means of the reverse osmosis device so as to heat the water before purification.

36. The system according to claim 33 wherein said means for delivering is adapted for irrigating a wound of a patient with a drug mixture.

37. The system according to claim 33 wherein said means for delivering is adapted for irrigating a cavity of a patient'"'"'s body with a drug mixture.

38. The system according to claim 37 wherein said means for delivering includes a humidifying means which is adapted for humidification of a patient'"'"'s lungs.

39. System for delivery of a predetermined injectable drug to a patient comprising:

a. reverse osmosis device for purifying water from a source and having;

1. input means for coupling to the source of water;

2. first reverse osmosis means being in spiral flow fluid communication with said input means for purification of at least a first portion of the water from the source, said first reverse osmosis means constructed and arranged to provide at least a first reverse osmosis multilayer assembly spirally rolled about a first axis so as to provide a generally spiral flow path for the water from the source; and

3. second reverse osmosis means being in spiral flow fluid communication with said first reverse osmosis means to receive the purified first portion of water for further purification of at least a second portion of the water, said second reverse osmosis means constructed and arranged to provide at least a second reverse osmosis multilayer assembly spirally rolled about a second axis so as to provide a generally spiral flow path for at least some of the purified portion of water from the first reverse osmosis means; and

b. means for supplying and mixing the predetermined drug with said second portion of water; and

c. means for supplying said drug and purified water mixture to a body portion of the patient.

40. The system according to claim 39 wherein said reverse osmosis device further comprises chemical means being in fluid communication with said first reverse osmosis means to receive said first purified portion of water and for removal of at least chemical contaminants from said first purified portion of water before passing on to said second reverse osmosis means.

41. The system according to claim 39 further comprising means for heating the water from the source, said heating means being coupled to the input means of the reverse osmosis device so as to heat the water before purification.

42. The system according to claim 39 further comprising a high pressure pump fluidly coupled between said source and said reverse osmosis device so as to provide sufficient pressure to allow for proper operation of said reverse osmosis device.

43. Hemofiltration system for treating a patient comprising:

a. reverse osmosis device for purifying water from a source and having;

1. input means for coupling to the source of water;

2. first reverse osmosis means being in spiral flow fluid communication with said input means for purification of at least a first portion of the water from the source, said first reverse osmosis means constructed and arranged to provide at least a first reverse osmosis multilayer assembly spirally rolled about a first axis so as to provide a generally spiral flow path for the water from the source; and

3. second reverse osmosis means being in spiral flow fluid communication with said first reverse osmosis means to receive the purified first portion of water for further purification of at least a second portion of the water, said second reverse osmosis means constructed and arranged to provide at least a second reverse osmosis multilayer assembly spirally rolled about a second axis so as to provide a generally spiral flow path for at least some of the purified portion of fluid from the first reverse osmosis means; and

b. means for supplying a predetermined amount of drug;

c. means for mixing the purified second portion of the water with the drug to provide a blood make up solution; and

d. means for delivering the blood make up solution to a concentrated blood outlet of a hemoultrafilter.

44. The system according to claim 43 further comprising means for draining waste water from said reverse osmosis device.

45. The system according to claim 44 further comprising means for draining spent waste solution from the hemofilter.

46. The system according to claim 43 wherein said reverse osmosis device further comprises chemical means being in fluid communication with said first reverse osmosis means to receive said first purified portion of water and for removal of at least chemical contaminants from said first purified portion of water before passing on to said second reverse osmosis means.

47. The system according to claim 43 further comprising means for heating the water from the source, said heating means being coupled to the input means of the reverse osmosis device so as to heat the water before purification.

48. The system according to claim 43 further comprising a high pressure pump fluidly coupled between said source and said reverse osmosis device so as to provide sufficient pressure to allow for proper operation of said reverse osmosis device.

49. The system according to claim 48 further comprising means for heating the water from the source, said heating means being fluidly coupled between said high pressure pump and said source so as to heat the water before purification.

50. The system according to claim 48 further comprising means for heating the water from the source, said heating means being fluidly coupled between said high pressure pump and said reverse osmosis device so as to heat the water before purification.

51. The system according to claim 43 wherein said reverse osmosis device further includes a first outlet for passage of purified water from the second reverse osmosis means and a second outlet for passage of waste water.

52. The system according to claim 51 wherein said reverse osmosis device further comprises a third outlet for passage of waste water.

53. The apparatus according to claim 52 wherein said first osmosis means is in fluid communication with said third outlet so as to permit passage of waste water through said third outlet.

54. The apparatus according to claim 53 wherein said second reverse osmosis means is in fluid communication with said second outlet for passage of waste water through said second outlet.

55. The apparatus according to claim 51 wherein said second reverse osmosis means is in fluid communication with said second outlet for passage of waste water through said second outlet.

56. The system according to claim 51 further comprising a heat exchanger means fluidly coupled to said second outlet of said reverse osmosis device and disposed in thermal relationship with the water from the source so as to provide for transfer of heat from said waste water to the water to be heated.

57. The system according to claim 51 further comprising means for draining spend waste solution from the hemoultrafilter and a heat exchanger means fluidly coupled to said means for draining spent waste solution and disposed in thermal relationship with the water from the source so as to provide for transfer of heat from said solution to the water to be heated.

58. The system according to claim 43 wherein said reverse osmosis device further includes a first outlet for passage of purified water from said second reverse osmosis means and said supplying means comprises a storage container having a coupling end and containing a predetermined drug, and a metering system in fluid communication with said coupling end of said storage container to receive a predetermined amount of drug and further being in fluid communication with said purified second portion of the water after passing through said first outlet.

59. The system according to claim 58 further comprising means for sterilizing said coupling end of said storage container when being coupled and decoupled to said metering system.

60. The system according to claim 43 wherein said supplying means comprises a storage container having a coupling end and containing a predetermined drug, and a metering system in fluid communication with said coupling end of said storage container to receive a predetermined amount of drug, said reverse osmosis device further includes a first outlet for passage of purified water from said second reverse osmosis means and said mixing means is in fluid communication with said first outlet and said metering system so as to receive said purified second portion of the water and said predetermined amount of drug for preparation of the blood make up solution.

61. The system according to claim 60 wherein said mixing means comprises an ultrasonic mixer.

62. The system according to claim 60 wherein said mixing means is an electromagnetic mixer.

63. The system according to claim 60 wherein said mixing means is an electromechanical mixer.

64. The system according to claim 60 wherein said mixing means is a static mixer.

65. The system according to claim 43 further comprising pump means fluidly coupled between said supplying means and said reverse osmosis device.

66. The system according to claim 43 further comprising pump means fluidly coupled to said mixing means.

67. The system according to claim 66 further comprising a drain means for receiving the spent waste solution, said drain means fluidly coupled to said pump means.

68. The system according to claim 43 further comprising computer means for predetermined, selective and automatic control of said delivery means.

69. The system according to claim 43 further comprising computer means for predetermined, selective and automatic control of said supplying means.

70. The system according to claim 43 further comprising computer means for predetermined, selective and automatic control of said mixing means.

71. The system according to claim 43 further comprising computer means for predetermined, selective and automatic control of said draining means.

72. The system according to claim 43 wherein said reverse osmosis device further comprises chemical means being in fluid communication with said second reverse osmosis means to receive said second purified portion of water and for removal of at least chemical contaminants from said second purified portion of water.

73. The system according to claim 72 further comprising a filtration means fluidly coupled to said chemical means for further purification of said second purified portion of water.