Circuit for speed control for a one-phase or three-phase motor
First Claim
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1. Circuit for controlling the speed of a three-phase motor, comprising:
- driving stages connected directly to three-phase mains and connected for passing mains voltage directly to the motor windings under control of a pulse width modulated signal,a control circuit that generates the pulse width modulated signal according to the actual speed of the motor,a power module in each driving stage, comprising a connection of two anti-parallel connected power transistors which are each series-connected with a blocking diode for directly receiving and passing the respective half-period of a mains phase to a motor winding, andan optical coupling circuit between the control circuit and each power transistor, comprising an electrically activable light emitting component connected to the control circuit to have the emitted light modulated by the pulse width modulated signal, and a photo-voltaic light sensitive component connected for receiving the pulse width modulated emitted light to generate a voltage modulated by the pulse width modulated signal, said voltage being applied as a control voltage between the control electrode and the emitter of the respective power transistor, wherein said photo-voltaic light sensitive component generates an output signal in response to received light from said electrically activable light emitting component without any external driving voltage being applied thereto.
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Abstract
The circuit for speed regulation of a three-phase motor incorporates a drive connected directly to a three-phase mains (R,S,T) which allows through mains voltage directly to the motor windings controlled by a pulse-width modulated signal produced by a control circuit controlled by the motor speed and fed to the drive stage via circuits for galvanic (d.c.) separation of the control circuit and the drive stage. The galvanic separation is produced with solar cell components.
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Citations
44 Claims
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1. Circuit for controlling the speed of a three-phase motor, comprising:
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driving stages connected directly to three-phase mains and connected for passing mains voltage directly to the motor windings under control of a pulse width modulated signal, a control circuit that generates the pulse width modulated signal according to the actual speed of the motor, a power module in each driving stage, comprising a connection of two anti-parallel connected power transistors which are each series-connected with a blocking diode for directly receiving and passing the respective half-period of a mains phase to a motor winding, and an optical coupling circuit between the control circuit and each power transistor, comprising an electrically activable light emitting component connected to the control circuit to have the emitted light modulated by the pulse width modulated signal, and a photo-voltaic light sensitive component connected for receiving the pulse width modulated emitted light to generate a voltage modulated by the pulse width modulated signal, said voltage being applied as a control voltage between the control electrode and the emitter of the respective power transistor, wherein said photo-voltaic light sensitive component generates an output signal in response to received light from said electrically activable light emitting component without any external driving voltage being applied thereto. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 44)
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8. Circuit for controlling the speed of a three-phase motor, comprising:
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driving stages connected directly to mains and connected for passing mains voltage directly to the motor windings under control of a pulse width modulated signal, a control circuit that generates the pulse width modulated signal according to the actual speed of the motor, a power module in each driving stage, comprising a connection of two anti-parallel connected power transistors which are each series-connected with a blocking diode for directly receiving and passing the respective half-period of a mains phase to a motor winding, and an optical coupling circuit between the control circuit and each power transistor, comprising an electrically activable light emitting component connected to the control circuit to have the emitted light modulated by the pulse width modulated signal, and a photo-voltaic light sensitive component connected for receiving the pulse width modulated emitted light to generate a voltage modulated by the pulse width modulated signal, said voltage being applied as a control voltage between the control electrode and the emitter of the respective power transistor, wherein said photo-voltaic light sensitive component generates an output signal in response to received light from said electrically activable light emitting component without any external driving voltage being applied thereto. - View Dependent Claims (9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
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14. Switching circuit for a.c. voltage, comprising:
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a connection of two anti-parallel connected power transistors which are each series-connected with a blocking diode for directly receiving and passing the respective half-period of the mains voltage to a load, and an optical coupling circuit preceding each power transistor and comprising an electrically activable light emitting component connected to receive a voltage pulse generated by the appearance of the a.c. voltage, and a photo-voltaic light sensitive component connected for receiving a light pulse generated when the voltage pulse is supplied to the light emitting component to generate a corresponding output signal which is applied as opening pulse between the control electrode and the emitter of the respective power transistor, wherein said photo-voltaic light sensitive component generates an output signal in response to received light from said electrically activable light emitting component without any external driving voltage being applied thereto. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16, 17, 18)
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19. Circuit for speed control of a three-phase motor driving a compressor in a refrigeration machine comprising:
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driving stages connected directly to three-phase mains and connected for passing mains voltage directly to the motor windings under control of a pulse width modulated signal, a control circuit that generates the pulse width modulated signal according to the actual speed of the motor and the temperature in the inlet and outlet compressor, a power module in each driving stage, comprising a connection of two anti-parallel connected power transistors which are each series-connected with a blocking diode for directly receiving and passing the respective half-period of a mains phase to a motor winding, and an optical coupling circuit between the control circuit and each power transistor, comprising an electrically activable light emitting component connected to the control circuit to have the emitted light modulated by the pulse width modulated signal, and a photo-voltaic light sensitive component connected for receiving the pulse width modulated emitted light to generate a voltage modulated by the pulse width modulated signal, said voltage being applied as a control voltage between the control electrode and the emitter of the respective power transistor, wherein said photo-voltaic light sensitive component generates an output signal in response to received light from said electrically activable light emitting component without any external driving voltage being applied thereto. - View Dependent Claims (20, 21, 22, 23, 24)
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25. Circuit for controlling the speed of a three-phase motor driving resistive and inductive loads, comprising:
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driving stages connected directly to three-phase mains and connected for passing mains voltage directly to the motor windings under control of a pulse width modulated signal, a control circuit that generates the pulse width modulated signal according to the actual speed of the motor, a power module in each driving stage, comprising a connection of two anti-parallel connected power transistors, which are each series-connected with a blocking diode for directly receiving and passing the respective half-period of a mains phase to a motor winding, and an optical coupling circuit between the control circuit and each power transistor, comprising an electrically activable light emitting component connected to the control circuit to have the emitted light modulated by the pulse width modulated signal, and a photo-voltaic light sensitive component connected for receiving the pulse width modulated emitted light to generate a voltage modulated by the pulse width modulated signal, said voltage being applied as a control voltage between the control electrode and the emitter of the respective power transistor, wherein said photo-voltaic light sensitive component generates an output signal in response to received light from said electrically activable light emitting component without any external driving voltage being applied thereto, and a zero passage detector between each phase and the optical coupling devices of the corresponding power transistors, the output signal of the zero passage detector being supplied together with the pulse width modulated signal to the optical coupling devices via a logic gate to obtain separate control of each optical coupling device and thereby the corresponding half-period of the phase.
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26. Circuit for controlling the speed of a three-phase motor, comprising:
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driving stages connected directly to three-phase mains and connected for passing mains voltage directly to the motor windings under control of a pulse width modulated signal, a control circuit that generates the pulse width modulated signal according to the actual speed of the motor, a power module in each driving stage, comprising a connection of two anti-parallel connected power transistors which are each series-connected with a blocking diode for directly receiving and passing the respective half-period of a mains phase to a motor winding, and where each power transistor stage comprises a first power transistor forming a voltage output stage, and a second power transistor connected in parallel thereto, forming a current output stage, and an optical coupling circuit between the control circuit and each power transistor, comprising an electrically activable light emitting component connected to the control circuit to have the emitted light modulated by the pulse width modulated signal, and a photo-voltaic light sensitive component connected for receiving the pulse width modulated emitted light to generate a voltage modulated by the pulse width modulated signal, said voltage being applied as a control voltage between the control electrode and the emitter of the respective power transistor, wherein said photo-voltaic light sensitive component generates an output signal in response to received light from said electrically activable light emitting component without any external driving voltage being applied thereto.
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27. Circuit for controlling the speed of a three-phase motor, comprising:
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driving stages connected directly to three-phase mains and connected for passing mains voltage directly to the motor windings under control of a pulse width modulated signal, a control circuit that generates the pulse width modulated signal according to the actual speed of the motor, a power module in each driving stage, comprising a connection of first and second anti-parallel connected power transistor stages which are each series-connected with a blocking diode for directly receiving and passing the respective half-period of a mains phase to a motor winding, and where the first power transistor stage comprises a power transistor of N-IGBT type, and the second stage comprises a MOSFET transistor driven by a bipolar transistor, the emitter and collector of which being connected to the gate and source, respectively, of the MOSFET transistor, an optical coupling circuit between the control circuit and each power transistor stage, comprising an electrically activable light emitting component connected to the control circuit to have the emitted light modulated by the pulse width modulated signal, and a photo-voltaic light sensitive component connected for receiving the pulse width modulated emitted light to generate a voltage modulated by the pulse width modulated signal, which in the first transistor stage is applied across the emitter-base path of the bipolar transistor, wherein said photo-voltaic light sensitive component generates an output signal in response to received light from said electrically activable light emitting component without any external driving voltage being applied thereto.
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28. Circuit for controlling the speed of a three-phase motor, comprising:
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driving stages connected directly to three-phase mains and connected for passing mains voltage directly to the motor windings under control of a pulse width modulated signal, a control circuit that generates the pulse width modulated signal according to the actual speed of the motor, a power module in each driving stage, comprising a connection of two anti-parallel connected power transistor stages which are each series-connected with a first blocking diode for directly receiving and passing the respective half-period of a mains phase to a motor winding, and where each power transistor stage comprises a first power transistor and a second power transistor, where the second power transistor in series with a second blocking diode directly connecting to the first blocking diode, is anti-parallel connected with the first power transistor, a charging capacitor connecting to each connection point between said first and second blocking diode, and an optical coupling circuit between the control circuit and each power transistor, comprising an electrically activable light emitting component connected to the control circuit to have the emitted light modulated by the pulse width modulated signal, and a photo-voltaic light sensitive component connected for receiving the pulse width modulated emitted light to generate a voltage modulated by the pulse width modulated signal, said voltage being applied as a control voltage between the control electrode and the emitter of the respective power transistor, wherein said photo-voltaic light sensitive component generates an output signal in response to received light from said electrically activable light emitting component without any external driving voltage being applied thereto.
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29. Circuit for controlling the supply of current to a current consuming load supplied by a one-phase or multi-phase mains, comprising:
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at least one driving stage connected directly to a mains phase for passing mains voltage directly to the load under control of an opening signal, a control circuit that generates the opening signal according to a control parameter, a power module in the driving stage, comprising a connection of two anti-parallel connected power transistor stages are each series-connected with a blocking diode for directly receiving and passing the respective half-period of a mains voltage to the load and comprise one or a plurality of power transistor functions, and an optical coupling circuit between the control circuit and each power transistor function, comprising an electrically activable light emitting component connected to the control circuit to have the emitted light modulated by the opening signal, and a photo-voltaic light sensitive component connected for receiving the pulse width modulated emitted light to generate a voltage modulated by the opening signal, said voltage being applied as a control voltage for the power transistor functions, wherein said photo-voltaic light sensitive component generates an output signal in response to received light from said electrically activable light emitting component without any external driving voltage being applied thereto. - View Dependent Claims (30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43)
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Specification