Blood pump bearing system

• US 5,957,672 A
• Filed: 06/17/1996
• Issued: 09/28/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 11/10/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: The United States of America As Represented By The Secretary of Agriculture
• Original Assignee: United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration
• Inventors: Aber, Gregory S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Thorpe, Timothy S.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Gartenberg, Ehud
• Application Number:
  US08/664,579
• Time in Patent Office: 1,198 Days
• Field of Search: 417/355, 417/356, 417/423.12, 384/246, 384/245, 384/244, 384/907.1, 384/913
• US Class Current: 417/423.12
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3334 Measuring or controlling the flow rate
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/148 in line with a blood vessel using resection or like techniques, e.g. permanent endovascular heart assist devices
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/178 drawing blood from a ventricle and returning the blood to the arterial system via a cannula external to the ventricle, e.g. left or right ventricular assist devices
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/221 the blood flow through the rotating member having both radial and axial components, e.g. mixed flow pumps
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/232 Centrifugal pumps
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/237 the blood flow through the rotating member having mainly axial components, e.g. axial flow pumps
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/416 transmitted directly by the motor rotor drive shaft
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/422 the force acting on the blood contacting member being electromagnetic, e.g. using canned motor pumps
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/508 Electronic control means, e.g. for feedback regulation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/824 Hydrodynamic or fluid film bearings
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/825 Contact bearings, e.g. ball-and-cup or pivot bearings
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/827 Sealings between moving parts
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/829 having a purge fluid supply
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 17/00 Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 35/04 the means being electric
• CPC Class Codes: F16C 17/08 for supporting the end face of a shaft or other member, e.g. footstep bearings
• CPC Class Codes: F16C 2316/18 Pumps for pumping blood

Abstract

Methods and apparatus are provided for a blood pump bearing system within a pump housing to support long-term high-speed rotation of a rotor with an impeller blade having a plurality of individual magnets disposed thereon to provide a small radial air gap between the magnets and a stator of less than 0.025 inches. The bearing system may be mounted within a flow straightener, diffuser, or other pump element to support the shaft of a pump rotor. The bearing system includes a zirconia shaft having a radiused end. The radiused end has a first radius selected to be about three times greater than the radius of the zirconia shaft. The radiused end of the zirconia shaft engages a flat sapphire endstone. Due to the relative hardness of these materials a flat is quickly produced during break-in on the zirconia radiused end of precisely the size necessary to support thrust loads whereupon wear substantially ceases. Due to the selection of the first radius, the change in shaft end-play during pump break-in is limited to a total desired end-play of less than about 0.010 inches. Radial loads are supported by an olive hole ring jewel that makes near line contact around the circumference of the shaft to support high speed rotation with little friction. The width of olive hole ring jewel is small to allow heat to conduct through to thereby prevent heat build-up in the bearing. A void defined by the bearing elements may fill with blood that then coagulates within the void. The coagulated blood is then conformed to the shape of the bearing surfaces.

Claims

1. A blood-pump bearing system for rotatably supporting a rotor section that is rotatable with respect to a housing through which blood is pumped, said bearing system comprising:

a shaft for rotatably supporting said rotor section, said shaft having a circumference defined by a first radius, said shaft terminating at a shaft end, said shaft end comprising a radiused surface defined by a second radius, said second radius being greater than said first radius;

an endstone mounted to said housing having a flat planar surface operable to contact said radiused surface of said shaft end;

a shaft circumferential bearing mounted to said housing and having an aperture therethrough for receiving said circumference of said shaft, said shaft circumferential bearing being operable to support radial loads acting on said shaft, said shaft circumferential bearing comprising a curved inner surface that defines said aperture, said curved inner surface being operable for making near line contact along said circumference of said shaft as said shaft rotates, wherein said shaft circumferential bearing comprises an olive hole ring jewel;

wherein a void is formed between said shaft end and said endstone into which pumped blood that leaks between said circumference of said shaft and said shaft circumferential bearing coagulates;

a plurality of individual magnets disposed on said rotor along a path that defines at least a portion of a helix; and

a stator mounted to said housing.

2. The pump bearing system of claim 1, wherein:

said second radius is about three times said first radius.

3. The pump bearing system of claim 1, wherein:

said endstone is comprised of a first material, said shaft end is comprised of a second material of less hardness than said first material such that wear occurs on said radiused surface of said shaft end to produce a flat surface thereon.

4. The pump bearing system of claim 1, wherein:

said flat surface has a diameter less than about 0.025 inches.

5. The pump bearing system of claim 1, wherein:

said second radius is selected such that change of shaft axial end-play due to creation of said flat surface is less than about 0.005 inches.

6. The pump bearing system of claim 1, wherein:

said near line contact has a locus with a width of less than about 0.010 inches.

7. The pump bearing system of claim 1, wherein:

said olive hole ring jewel has a width as measured parallel to an axis of said shaft of less than about 0.035 inches to promote heat transfer through said olive hole ring jewel.

8. The pump bearing system of claim 1, wherein said shaft is axially movable to the extent that end-play of said shaft is less than about 0.010 inches.

9. The pump bearing system of claim 1, wherein radial clearance between said shaft circumferential bearing and said circumference of said shaft is about 0.0001-0.0002 inches.