Method and apparatus for shaping force signals for a force feedback device

• US 5,959,613 A
• Filed: 11/13/1996
• Issued: 09/28/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 12/01/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Immersion Corporation
• Original Assignee: Immersion Corporation
• Inventors: Rosenberg, Louis B., Braun, Adam C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Mullen, Thomas
• Assistant Examiner(s): MANNAVA, ASHOK K
• Application Number:
  US08/747,841
• Time in Patent Office: 1,049 Days
• Field of Search: 345/156, 345/157, 345/161, 345/163, 74/471, 395/99, 463/30, 463/38, 341/20-22, 341/27
• US Class Current: 345/161
• CPC Class Codes: A63F 13/21 characterised by their sensors, purposes or types
• CPC Class Codes: A63F 13/23 for interfacing with the game device, e.g. specific interfaces between game controller and console
• CPC Class Codes: A63F 13/285 Generating tactile feedback signals via the game input device, e.g. force feedback
• CPC Class Codes: A63F 2300/1025 details of the interface with the game device, e.g. USB version detection
• CPC Class Codes: A63F 2300/1037 being specially adapted for converting control signals received from the game device into a haptic signal, e.g. using force feedback
• CPC Class Codes: G05G 2009/04766 providing feel, e.g. indexing means, means to create counterforce
• CPC Class Codes: G05G 2009/04777 with additional push or pull action on the handle
• CPC Class Codes: G05G 9/047 the controlling member being movable by hand about orthogonal axes, e.g. joysticks for switches H01H25/04
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2203/014 Force feedback applied to GUI
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2203/015 Force feedback applied to a joystick
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/011 Arrangements for interaction with the human body, e.g. for user immersion in virtual reality blind teaching G09B21/00
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/016 Input arrangements with force or tactile feedback as computer generated output to the user
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0383 Signal control means within the pointing device
• CPC Class Codes: H01H 2003/008 with a haptic or a tactile feedback controlled by electrical means, e.g. a motor or magnetofriction
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/131 Protocols for games, networked simulations or virtual reality

Abstract

A method and apparatus for shaping force signals for a force feedback device. A source wave is provided and is defined by a set of control parameters (including a steady state magnitude, a frequency value and a duration value) and modified by a set of impulse parameters (including an impulse magnitude, and a settle time representing a time required for the impulse magnitude to change to the steady-state magnitude). Optionally, application parameters specifying a direction of force signal and trigger parameters specifying activating buttons can also be provided for the source wave. Using a host processor or a local processor, the force signal is formed from the source wave and the sets of control parameters and impulse parameters, where the force signal includes an impulse signal followed by a continual steady-state signal after an expiration of the settle time. A feel sensation is generated to a user of the force feedback device as physical forces produced by actuators on the force feedback device in response to the force signal. The steady-state magnitude value is lower than a magnitude value of a non-impulse-shaped force signal required to create a corresponding feel sensation having a similar apparent sensation to the user.

Claims

1. A method for generating a force signal for creating a feel sensation upon a user through a force feedback device, comprising:

providing a source wave;

providing a set of control parameters, said control parameters including at least one of a steady-state magnitude value, a frequency value, and a duration value for said source wave, said steady-state magnitude value representing a steady-state magnitude of said source wave, said frequency value representing a frequency of said source wave, and said duration value representing a duration of said feel sensation;

providing a set of impulse parameters, including;

an impulse value, said impulse value specifying an impulse force level of said source wave applied to said user, said impulse force level being different than said steady-state magnitude;

a settle time, said settle time representing a time required for a magnitude of said force signal to change from said impulse force level to said steady-state magnitude; and

forming, using a processor, said force signal from said source wave, said set of control parameters, and said set of impulse parameters.

2. The method of claim 1 further comprising generating said feel sensation as physical forces produced by actuators on said force feedback device in response to said force signal.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein said source wave consists of one of the group comprising a constant value, a sine wave, a square wave, a triangular wave, and a force profile.

4. The method of claim 1 further comprising furnishing digital values representative of said force signal to said actuators of said force feedback device, thereby allowing said force feedback device to create said feel sensation upon said user.

5. The method of claim 4 wherein said digital values represent time-varying values representative of said force signal.

6. The method of claim 2 wherein said impulse value is higher than said steady-state magnitude value, and wherein said settle time represents a time required for a magnitude of said force signal to decay from said impulse force level to said steady-state magnitude.

7. The method of claim 6 wherein said settle time is less than one order of magnitude shorter than a steady-state time that represents a duration of said steady-state magnitude.

8. The method of claim 6 wherein said force signal is continually generated by said processor at said steady-state magnitude after an expiration of said settle time until terminated.

9. The method of claim 8 wherein said force wave is terminated when a duration specified by said duration value expires.

10. The method of claim 1 further comprising providing a set of application parameters, said application parameters specifying a vector of application for said force signal.

11. The method of claim 1 further comprising providing a set of trigger parameters, said set of trigger parameters specifying how said feel sensation should be generated responsive to an activation of a switch of said force feedback device.

12. The method of claim 11 further comprising providing buttons on a user manipulatable portion of said force feedback device and using signals caused by activations of said buttons to trigger said feel sensation in accordance with said trigger parameters.

13. The method of claim 1 wherein said steady-state magnitude is lower than a magnitude of a non-impulse-shaped force signal required to create said feel sensation having a similar apparent sensation to said user.

14. The method of claim 13 further comprising generating said feel sensation using said steady-state magnitude, thereby consuming less power than if said non-impulse shaped force signal were used.

15. A computer-implemented method for forming an impulse-shaped force signal, comprising

specifying a source wave to a processor, said source wave representing a predefined type of wave;

providing a set of control parameters to said processor, said set of control parameters including at least one of a steady-state magnitude value, a frequency value, a duration value for said source wave, said steady-state magnitude value representing a steady-state magnitude of said source wave, said frequency value representing a frequency of said source wave, and said duration value representing a duration of said feel sensation;

providing a set of impulse parameters to said processor, including;

an impulse value, said impulse value specifying an impulse force level of said source wave, said impulse force level being higher than said steady-state magnitude, and

a settle time, said settle time representing a time required for a magnitude of said force signal to decay from said impulse force level to said steady-state magnitude, wherein said force signal is continually generated by said processor at said steady-state magnitude after an expiration of said settle time until terminated; and

forming said impulse-shaped force signal with said processor from said source wave, said set of control parameters, and said set of impulse parameters.

16. The method of claim 15 wherein said processor is local to said force feedback device.

17. The method of claim 16 further comprising controlling actuators with said force signal from said local processor.

18. The method of claim 17 wherein said control parameters and said impulse parameters are provided to said local processor by a host processor.

19. The method of claim 18 wherein said host processor implements a simulation in parallel with said local processor controlling said actuators.

20. The method of claim 15 wherein said impulse parameters include a fade time representing a time required for a magnitude of said force signal to decay from said steady-state magnitude to approximately zero magnitude.

21. A force feedback interface device manipulated by a user and communicating with a host computer system implementing a host application program, said host computer system updating said host application program in response to input signals, said force feedback interface device comprising:

a user object movable by a user and being physically contacted by said user;

a sensor for detecting a position of said user object and outputting said input signals, said input signals including information representative of said position of said user object;

a local microprocessor, separate from said host computer system, for communicating with said host computer system via a communication bus, said local microprocessor outputting an impulse-shaped force signal; and

an actuator electrically coupled to said local microprocessor and receiving said impulse-shaped force signal, said actuator applying a force to said user object in accordance with said impulse-shaped force signal such that a force having an impulse magnitude followed by a different steady-state magnitude is applied to said user object.

22. The force feedback interface device of claim 21 wherein said local microprocessor receives said impulse-shaped force signal from a host processor of said host computer system, wherein said local microprocessor relays said impulse-shaped force signal to said actuator.

23. The force feedback interface device of claim 21 wherein said local microprocessor receives a source wave from said host computer system and adjusts said source wave to provide said impulse-shaped force signal to said actuator.

24. The force feedback interface device of claim 23 wherein said local microprocessor adds control parameters and impulse parameters to said source wave to provide said impulse-shaped force signal, said control parameters regulating the frequency and magnitude of said impulse-shaped force signal and said impulse parameters regulating the impulse and steady-state magnitudes of said impulse-shaped force signal.

25. The force feedback interface device of claim 24 wherein said control parameters further regulate a duration and DC voltage offset of said impulse-shaped force signal.

26. The force feedback interface device of claim 24 wherein said impulse parameters regulate an impulse magnitude and a settle time.

27. The force feedback interface device of claim 24 wherein said local microprocessor further includes application parameters in said impulse-shaped force signal to indicate the direction of the force applied to the user object.

28. The force feedback interface device of claim 24 further comprising at least one button coupled to said user object, wherein said local microprocessor further includes trigger parameters in said impulse-shaped signal to indicate which buttons will trigger said force generated by said impulse-shaped signal.

29. The force feedback interface device of claim 23 further comprising a local memory coupled to said local microprocessor for storing a digital representation of an impulse-shaped force signal.

30. The force feedback interface device of claim 21 wherein said impulse-shaped force signal is a condition or an effect, wherein said condition is dependent on a position of said user object, and said effect is not dependent on a position of said user object.

31. The force feedback interface device of claim 21 wherein said host computer system displays images on a visual output device and manipulates said images in accordance with said sensor signals.

32. A method for generating a force signal for creating a feel sensation upon a user using a force feedback device, comprising:

receiving an indication of a source wave;

receiving a set of control parameters, said control parameters including at least one of a steady-state magnitude value, a frequency value, and a duration value for said source wave, said steady-state magnitude value representing a steady-state magnitude of said force signal, said frequency value representing a frequency of said force signal, and said duration value representing a duration of said feel sensation;

receiving a set of impulse parameters, including;

an impulse value, said impulse value specifying an impulse force level of said force signal, said impulse force level being different than said steady-state magnitude;

a settle time, said settle time representing a time required for a magnitude of said force signal to change from said impulse force level to said steady-state magnitude; and

forming, using a processor, said force signal from said indication of said source wave, said set of control parameters, and said set of impulse parameters.

33. A method as recited in claim 32 wherein said indication of said source wave, said control parameters, and said impulse parameters are received by said force feedback device from a host computer coupled to said force feedback device, and wherein said processor that forms said force signal is a local microprocessor distinct from said host computer system.

34. The method of claim 32 further comprising generating said feel sensation as physical forces produced by actuators on said force feedback device in response to said force signal.

35. The method of claim 34 wherein said impulse force level is greater than said steady-state magnitude, and wherein said settle time represents a time required for a magnitude of said force signal to decay from said impulse force level to said steady-state magnitude.

36. The method of claim 35 wherein said force signal is continually generated by said processor at said steady-state magnitude after an expiration of said settle time and until terminated.

37. The method of claim 32 wherein said steady-state magnitude is lower than a magnitude of a non-impulse-shaped force signal required to create said feel sensation having a similar apparent sensation to said user.

38. The method of claim 37 further comprising generating said feel sensation using said steady-state magnitude, thereby consuming less power than if said non-impulse shaped force signal were used.

39. The method of claim 32 wherein said source wave consists of one of the group comprising a constant value, a sine wave, a square wave, a triangular wave, and a stored force profile, said force profile being stored on a memory device local to said force feedback device.

40. The method of claim 32 wherein said steady-state magnitude value is included in said set of control parameters, wherein said steady-state magnitude value is a specified percentage of a maximum force output of an actuator of said force feedback device.

41. The method of claim 32 wherein said settle time is at most about one-tenth of a duration of said steady-state magnitude.

42. A force feedback interface device manipulatable by a user and communicating with a host computer system implementing a host application program, said host computer system updating said host application program in response to input signals, said force feedback interface device comprising:

a user manipulatable object movable by a user and being physically contacted by said user;

a sensor for detecting a position of said user manipulatable object and outputting said input signals, said input signals including information representative of said position of said user manipulatable object;

an actuator receiving an impulse-shaped force signal, said actuator applying a force to said user manipulatable object in accordance with said impulse-shaped force signal such that a force having an impulse magnitude followed by a steady-state magnitude different from said impulse magnitude is applied to said user manipulatable object.

43. The force feedback interface device of claim 42 further comprising a local microprocessor, distinct from said host computer system and electrically coupled to said actuator and operative to communicate with said host computer system, said local microprocessor receiving parameters from said host computer system, forming said impulse-shaped force signal, and outputting said impulse-shaped force signal to said actuator.

44. The force feedback interface device of claim 42 wherien said steady-state magnitude is lower than said impulse magnitude.