ATM/SONET network enhanced as a universal computer system interconnect

• US 5,959,994 A
• Filed: 08/19/1996
• Issued: 09/28/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 08/19/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Teradata US, Inc. (Teradata Corporation)
• Original Assignee: NCR Corporation (NCR Voyix Corporation)
• Inventors: Hundley, Douglas Edward, Cooper, Robert Samuel, Stehley, Curtis Hall, Erickson, Gene Robert, Milby, Gregory H., Muller, P. Keith, Boggs, Gary Lee, Tipon, Donald G.
• Primary Examiner(s): HSU, ALPUS
• Application Number:
  US08/699,260
• Time in Patent Office: 1,135 Days
• Field of Search: 370/395, 370/474, 370/352, 370/399, 370/389, 370/396, 370/397, 370/400, 370/401, 370/409, 370/412, 370/428, 370/429, 370/465, 370/470, 370/471, 370/398, 370/905, 370/907, 395/200.6, 395/200.79, 395/200.8, 359/115, 359/118
• US Class Current: 370/399
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2012/5652 Cell construction, e.g. including header, packetisation, depacketisation, assembly, reassembly
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/20 Support for services
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/30 Peripheral units, e.g. input or output ports
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/3081 ATM peripheral units, e.g. policing, insertion or extraction
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 11/0478 Provisions for broadband connections
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 370/905 Asynchronous transfer mode, ASN
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 370/907 Synchronous optical network, SONET

Abstract

An enhanced ATM switch with CPU node interconnect functionality and peripheral interconnect functionality and network functionality. The ATM switch provides low latency transfer between computer nodes and performs input/output operations with peripherals through the ATM network. SCSI Fibre Channel protocol (FCP) commands are implemented according to ATM standards to provide communication with peripherals. A segmentation and reassembly (SAR) unit is provided for performing ATM segmentation and reassembly. The SAR includes functional units which allow direct connection of an application agent to the core of the switch once the cell characteristics are determined by the application agent and provides ATM cell translation to and from available kernel buffers. The transmission media in the ATM network comprises digital optical links. The enhanced ATM switch may also include a synchronous optical network (SONET) interface for providing SONET transmission over the digital optical links in the ATM network.

Claims

1. An enhanced asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) switch for switching ATM cell traffic in an ATM network over transmission media, comprising:

a switch fabric forming a switch core, the switch fabric transferring cells among a plurality of bidirectional ports in an ATM network;

at least one node interconnect, operatively coupled to the switch fabric, for providing low latency transfer between the bidirectional ports, the node interconnect comprising a segmentation and reassembly unit for providing ATM cell translation to and from available kernel buffers the segmentation and reassembly unit comprising a direct application input/output unit for transferring directly between a software application and the ATM network; and

at least one peripheral interconnect, operatively coupled to the switch fabric, for performing input/output operations with peripherals through the ATM network.

2. The switch of claim 1, wherein the peripheral interconnect further comprises a protocol for providing fibre channel protocol (FCP) commands according to ATM standards.

3. The switch of claim 2 wherein the peripheral interconnect further coordinates assignment of virtual path identifier/virtual channel identifier (VPI/VCI) addresses of a source and a destination for input/output operations.

4. The switch of claim 3 wherein the protocol supports small computer system interface (SCSI) protocols.

5. The switch of claim 1, wherein the segmentation and reassembly unit further performs ATM segmentation and reassembly to allow direct connection of an application agent to the switch fabric once cell characteristics are determined by the application agent.

6. The switch of claim 5 wherein the application agent looks up the cell characteristics by relating a memory address to a memory mapped index table holding the cell characteristics.

7. The switch of claim 6 wherein the application agent looks up the cell characteristics in parallel with cache look up for data.

8. The switch of claim 7 wherein the application agent issues a cache coherency message and a memory access message across the ATM network.

9. The switch in claim 6 wherein in the application agent looks up the cell characteristics and determines that whether a shared lock request must be broadcast.

10. The switch of claim 5 wherein the segmentation and reassembly unit constructs an ATM cell with a proper header, and issues the ATM cell with a VPI/VCI at a rate associated with a circuit/cell AAL type, cell priority and quality of service (QoS).

11. The switch of claim 1, wherein the segmentation and reassembly unit reads packet data units (PDUs) from kernel buffers, segments data into ATM cells, builds ATM cell headers with proper VPI/VCI and transmits the cells across the ATM network.

12. The switch of claim 1, wherein the segmentation and reassembly unit translates VPI/VCI in a received cell header to an available kernel buffer memory address, removes the ATM cell header and reassembles packet data units (PDUs) in kernel memory.

13. The switch of claim 1, wherein the direct application input/output unit provides hardware assist for low level operations.

14. The switch of claim 13 wherein the direct application input/output unit comprises PDU transmit buffers.

15. The switch of claim 14 wherein the PDU transmit buffers comprise a plurality of buffers of variable length for writing directly to and from an application agent.

16. The switch of claim 15 wherein the application agent writes control bits to the front of the PDU transmit buffers.

17. The switch of claim 16 wherein the writing of control bits to the PDU buffers indicates that the buffer is ready for the segmentation and reassembly unit to perform ATM segmentation and to transmit the PDU across the ATM network.

18. The switch of claim 17 wherein the segmentation and reassembly unit further comprises:

a transmission table, the transmission table comprising variables that are used for transmission of PDUs; and

a reception table, the reception table comprising variables for translating VPI/VCI of incoming cells into an application memory address.

19. The switch of claim 16 wherein the segmentation and reassembly unit segments and distributes shared resource to a plurality of ATM ports to reduce queuing latency.

20. The switch of claim 1 wherein the peripheral interconnect applies a fiber channel protocol to an ATM protocol by implementing the fibre channel protocol at an ATM Service Specific level.

21. The switch of claim 20 wherein the peripheral interconnect further comprises a segmentation and reassembly unit, the segmentation and reassembly unit comprising a hardware unit for operating at a service specific convergence sublayer of the ATM protocol to provide FCP transfers between peers.

22. The switch of claim 21 wherein the hardware unit comprises a service specific FCP unit for performing SCSI peripheral reads and writes.

23. The switch of claim 21 wherein the hardware unit further comprises:

means for reading directly from host memory a command block;

means for designating a source and a target Service Specific File Control Protocol (SSFCP);

means for building a VPI/VCI address, the VPI/VCI address being recognized when the target SSFCP sends any messages to the source SSFCP, the source SSFCP building an ATM cell that includes a SCSI command sequence; and

memory for storing the ATM cell, the memory being dedicated for immediate transmission.

24. The switch of claim 23 wherein the target SSFCP receiving the ATM cell performs an FCP acknowledge function by duplicating SCSI response information and transmitting the SCSI response information back to the source SSFCP.

25. The switch of claim 24 wherein the target SSFCP responds to an I/O initiation command block by communicating to the source SSFCP a status of the target and data transfer characteristics that the target can support when SCSI I/O transfer is ready.

26. The switch of claim 25 wherein the target SSFCP sends a SCSI response sequence to the source SSFCP after data is transferred to the target SSFCP, the source SSFCP acknowledging the SCSI response sequence by reflecting SCSI response information back to the target SSFCP.

27. The switch of claim 1 wherein the transmission media comprises digital optical links, the switch further comprising a synchronous optical network (SONET) interface for providing SONET transmission over the digital optical links in the ATM network.

28. A method for providing enhanced asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) switching of ATM cell traffic in an ATM network from the switch fabric over transmission media, comprising:

providing low latency transfer between bidirectional ports and a switch fabric forming a switch core by performing ATM segmentation and reassembly to provide ATM cell translation to and from available kernel buffers, wherein the segmentation and reassembly comprises transferring directly between a software application and the ATM network; and

performing input/output operations with peripherals attached to at least one of the bidirectional ports.

29. The method of claim 28, wherein the step of providing low latency transfer between computer nodes further comprises the step of providing SCSI Fibre Channel protocol (FCP) commands according to ATM standards.

30. The method of claim 29 wherein the step of providing fibre channel protocol commands further comprises the step of coordinating assignment of virtual path identifier/virtual channel identifier (VPI/VCI) addresses of a source and a destination for input/output operations.

31. The method of claim 30 wherein the destination is a client that a Service Specific File Control Protocol unit (SSFCP) is requesting.

32. The method of claim 29 wherein the SCSI Fibre Channel protocol supports small computer system interface (SCSI) protocols.

33. The method of claim 28 wherein the step of providing low latency transfer between computer nodes by performing ATM segmentation and reassembly further allows direct connection of an application agent to the switch fabric once cell characteristics are determined by the application agent.

34. The method of claim 33 wherein the step of segmenting and reassembling further comprises the steps of constructing an ATM cell with a proper header, and issuing the ATM cell with a VPI/VCI at a rate associated with a circuit/cell AAL type, cell priority and quality of service (QOS).

35. The method of claim 33 wherein the step of segmenting and reassembling further comprises the steps of reading packet data units (PDUs) from kernel buffers, segmenting data into ATM cells, building ATM cell headers with proper VPI/VCI and transmitting the cells across the ATM network.

36. The method of claim 33 wherein the step of segmenting and reassembling further comprises the steps of translating VPI/VCI in a received cell header to an available kernel buffer memory address, removing the ATM cell header and reassembling packet data units (PDUs) in kernel memory.

37. The method of claim 28 wherein the step of transferring directly between a software application and the ATM network further comprises the step of providing hardware assistance for low level operations.

38. The method of claim 28 wherein the step of performing input/output operations with peripherals through the ATM network further comprises the step of applying a SCSI Fibre Channel protocol to ATM by implementing the SCSI Fibre Channel protocol at an ATM Service Specific level.

39. The method of claim 38 wherein the step of applying a SCSI Fibre Channel protocol to ATM further comprises the steps of:

reading directly from host memory a command block;

designating a source and a target SSFCP;

building a VPI/VCI address, the VPI/VCI address being recognized when the target SSFCP sends any messages to the source SSFCP, the source SSFCP building an ATM cell that includes a SCSI command sequence; and

storing the ATM cell in memory, the memory being dedicated for immediate transmission.

40. The method of claim 39 wherein the step of receiving the ATM cell further comprises the step of performing an FCP acknowledge function by duplicating the ATM cell payload and transmitting it back to the source SSFCP.

41. The method of claim 40 wherein the step of receiving the ATM cell further comprises the step of responding to the I/O initiation command block by communicating to the source SSFCP a status of the target and data transfer characteristics that the target SSFCP can support when SCSI I/O transfer is ready.

42. The method of claim 41 wherein the step of responding to an I/O initiation command block further comprises the steps of sending a SCSI response sequence to the source SSFCP after data is transferred to the target SSFCP, the source SSFCP acknowledging the SCSI response sequence by reflecting ATM cell payloads back to the target SSFCP.

43. The method of claim 28 further comprising the step of providing SONET transmission over digital optical links in the ATM network.