Preamble based selection diversity in a time division multiple access radio system

• US 5,960,046 A
• Filed: 12/03/1996
• Issued: 09/28/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 12/03/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Northern Telecom Limited (Nortel Networks Corporation)
• Inventors: Morris, Bradley John, Lehman, Brian James, Smith, Roland Andrew
• Primary Examiner(s): TSE, YOUNG TOI
• Application Number:
  US08/759,813
• Time in Patent Office: 1,029 Days
• Field of Search: 375/267, 375/347, 455/133, 455/277.1, 455/277.2, 370/252, 370/342, 370/347, 370/350, 370/320, 370/321, 370/335, 370/337, 370/441, 370/442, 370/498, 370/522, 370/503, 370/509, 370/511
• US Class Current: 375/347
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0811 during preamble or gap period
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/062 Setting decision thresholds using feedforward techniques only
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 7/0004 Initialisation of the receiver H04L7/0075 and H04L7/10 take precedence

Abstract

A selection diversity system and method for use in a TDMA (time division multiple access) radio system, particularly suited for DECT (Digital Enhanced Cordless Telephone) applications, in which a single receiver makes a performance measurement on each of two antennas in sequence during the beginning of a received data burst, the beginning of the burst being determined by a timing signal fed back from a previous burst. A slicing level used in the receiver to perform threshold detection is continuously improved during the measurements of the two antennas, but held while switching between the antennas. The previously unused antenna is measured first to minimize the likelihood of having to perform two antenna switches.

Claims

1. An antenna selection system for use in a radio receiver having a plurality of alternatively connectable antenna channels for receiving data bursts each having a preamble, a sync word and a data field, the antenna selection system comprising:

a) means for receiving an indication that the sync word has been received in a previous burst;

b) timing means for measuring forward in time from reception of the sync word of the previous burst to provide an estimate of the beginning of the preamble of a present burst;

c) selection means for controlling which of the plurality of antenna channels is connected and for making performance measurements, the selection means connecting the plurality of antenna channels in turn and making a performance measurement for each antenna channel and after all the performance measurements are made the selection means connecting to the receiver the antenna channel with the best performance measurement, the first performance measurement being made during a period having a start time related to the estimate of the beginning of the preamble of the present burst.

2. The antenna selection system of claim 1, wherein each of said antenna channels is part of a separate antenna.

3. The antenna selection system of claim 1 wherein said antenna channels are part of a single antenna apparatus.

4. The antenna selection system of claim 1 wherein said plurality of antenna channels comprise two physically spaced antennas.

5. The antenna selection system of claim 1 wherein said plurality of antenna channels comprise two orthogonally polarized antenna channels.

6. An antenna selection system for use in a time division multiple access radio receiver having first and second alternatively connectable antenna channels for receiving data bursts each having a preamble, a sync word and a data field, the antenna selection system comprising:

a) means for receiving an indication that the sync word has been received in a previous burst;

b) timing means for measuring forward in time from reception of the sync word of the previous burst to provide an estimate of the beginning of the preamble of a present burst;

c) selection means for controlling which antenna channel is connected and for making performance measurements, the selection means connecting the first antenna channel and making a performance measurement for the first antenna channel during a period having a start time related to the estimate of the beginning of the preamble of the present burst, and subsequently connecting the second antenna channel and making a performance measurement for the second antenna channel, the selection means reconnecting the first antenna channel if the first performance measurement is better than the second performance measurement.

7. The antenna selection system of claim 6 wherein each performance measurement is an analog RSSI (received signal strength indicator) measurement.

8. The antenna selection system of claim 6 wherein each performance measurement is an analog RSSI measurement combined with a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) link quality measurement.

9. The antenna selection system of claim 6 wherein the antenna selected to receive a burst is also used to transmit a subsequent burst.

10. The antenna selection system of claim 6 wherein only a relative performance measurement for the second antenna channel is determined, the selection means reconnecting the first antenna channel if the performance measurement of the second antenna channel is decreasing with respect to that of the first antenna channel.

11. The antenna selection system of claim 6 wherein the second antenna channel is the antenna channel last connected during the previous burst.

12. A TDMA radio receiver for receiving data bursts each having a preamble, a sync word and a data field, the receiver comprising:

a) first and second alternatively connectable antenna channels;

b) a synchronization circuit which generates a signal when the sync word has been received;

c) timing means for measuring forward in time from reception of the sync word of a previous burst to provide an estimate of the beginning of the preamble of a present burst;

d) selection means for controlling which antenna channel is connected and for making performance measurements, the selection means connecting the first antenna channel and making a performance measurement for the first antenna channel during a period having a start time related to the estimate of the beginning of the preamble of the present burst, and subsequently connecting the second antenna channel and making a performance measurement for the second antenna channel, the selection means reconnecting the first antenna channel if the first performance measurement is better than the second performance measurement.

13. The TDMA receiver according to claim 12 wherein the first and second antenna channels are two physically spaced antennas.

14. The TDMA receiver according to claim 12 wherein the first and second antenna channels have orthogonal polarization.

15. The TDMA receiver of claim 12 wherein each performance measurement is an analog RSSI (received signal strength indicator) measurement.

16. The TDMA receiver of claim 12 wherein only a relative performance measurement for the second antenna channel is determined, the selection means reconnecting the first antenna channel if the performance measurement of the second antenna channel is decreasing with respect to that of the first antenna channel.

17. The TDMA receiver of claim 12 wherein the second antenna channel is the antenna channel last connected during the previous burst.

18. The TDMA receiver of claim 12 further comprising timing recovery means which performs timing recovery during reception of the preamble.

19. The TDMA receiver of claim 18 wherein said timing recovery means performs timing recovery starting with the measurement of the performance measurement of the second antenna.

20. The TDMA receiver of claim 12 further comprising:

analog demodulating means, the analog demodulating means having a data slicer with a slicing level; and

slicing level adjustment means for improving the slicing level towards an optimal value during the first performance measurement, holding the slicing level for a brief period during and following the connection of the second antenna channel, and improving further the slicing level during the second performance measurement.

21. An antenna selection method for use in a time division multiple access radio receiver having first and second alternatively connectable antenna channels for receiving data bursts each having a preamble, a sync word and a data field, the antenna selection method comprising the steps of:

a) determining when the sync word for the previous burst has been received;

b) measuring forward in time from the reception of the sync word of a previous burst to provide an estimate of the beginning of the preamble of a present burst;

c) connecting the first antenna channel;

d) measuring a first performance measurement for the first antenna channel during a first time interval having a start time related to the estimate of the beginning of the preamble of the present burst;

e) connecting the second antenna channel during a second time interval following said first time interval;

f) measuring a second performance measurement for the second antenna channel during a third time interval following said second time interval;

g) comparing the first performance measurement and the second performance measurement to determine which performance measurement is better; and

h) reconnecting the first antenna channel if the first performance measurement is better.

22. The method of claim 21 wherein each performance measurement is an analog RSSI (received signal strength indicator) measurement.

23. The method of claim 21 wherein only a relative performance measurement for the second antenna channel is determined during step f), and wherein during step g) it is determined that the first performance measurement is better if the performance measurement of the second antenna channel is decreasing with respect to that of the first antenna channel.

24. The method of claim 21 wherein the second antenna channel is the antenna channel last connected during the previous burst.

25. The method of claim 21 further comprising the step of:

performing timing recovery during reception of the preamble.

26. The method of claim 25 wherein said timing recovery is performed starting after the connection of the second antenna channel.

27. The method of claim 21 further comprising the steps of improving a slicing level during the first time interval, holding the slicing level during the second time interval, and further improving the slicing level during the third time interval.

28. The method of claim 21 further comprising the steps of:

calculating a jitter value consisting of the difference between the actual beginning of the preamble and the estimate of the beginning of the preamble;

calculating a mean of the jitter value over a plurality of bursts;

adding the mean of the jitter value to the estimate of the start time of the preamble of a subsequent burst.