Liquid heater assembly with a pair temperature controlled electric heating elements and a coiled tube therebetween

• US 5,960,160 A
• Filed: 12/28/1995
• Issued: 09/28/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 03/27/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Abbott Laboratories Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Abbott Laboratories Incorporated
• Inventors: Martin, Richard R., Clark, Frederic L., Rumbaugh, William D., Clemens, John M., Moore, Larry W., Smith, B. Jane
• Primary Examiner(s): Jeffery, John A.
• Application Number:
  US08/581,884
• Time in Patent Office: 1,370 Days
• Field of Search: 392/481, 392/484, 392/470, 604/113, 604/114, 165/163
• US Class Current: 392/481
• CPC Class Codes: B01F 31/24 the containers being submitted to a rectilinear movement
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2200/142 Preventing evaporation
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/042 Caps; Plugs
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/043 Hinged closures
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 3/08 Flasks
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 3/5025 for parallel transport of multiple samples
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 3/5085 for multiple samples, e.g. microtitration plates
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 9/06 Test-tube stands; Test-tube holders
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2021/6482 Sample cells, cuvettes
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2035/00356 Holding samples at elevated temperature (incubation)
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2035/0093 random access not determined by physical position
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2035/0405 manipulating closing or opening means, e.g. stoppers, screw caps, lids or covers
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2035/0441 for samples
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2035/0443 for reagents
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2035/0444 for cuvettes or reaction vessels
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2035/0446 Combinations of the above
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2035/0453 Multiple carousels working in parallel
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/253 for batch operation, i.e. multisample apparatus analytical automats G01N35/00
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/645 Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 35/0092 Scheduling
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 35/025 : having a carousel or turntable for reaction cells or cuvettes
• CPC Class Codes: H01J 49/04 : Arrangements for introducing or extracting samples to be analysed, e.g. vacuum locks; Arrangements for external adjustment of electron- or ion-optical components

Abstract

A liquid heater assembly including a heater body having therein a coiled tube for passing liquids, a pair of heating elements, a thermistor, a thermostat, and a backup thermostat. Liquid enters the coiled liquid tube at an inlet end and exits the coiled liquid tube at an outlet end. The coiled liquid tube is positioned within the heater body between the pair of heating elements. The outlet end extends below a planar surface of the heater body. The thermistor detects the temperature changes of the heater body. The resistance of the thermistor is used to regulate the supply of power to the heating elements. The thermostat and the backup thermostat are connected in series between the power source and the heating elements to provide a safety shutoff when the heater body reaches a predetermined overheat temperature. The heater body is maintained at a predetermined temperature by regulating the electrical current to the heating elements. A receptacle can be placed in close proximity below the outlet end to minimize the air gap between the two parts. Liquid passing through the heater assembly can be delivered at a precise temperature to the receptacle below the heater assembly.

Claims

1. A heater assembly for controlling the temperature of liquids passing therethrough, said heater assembly comprising:

a heater body formed of thermally conductive material and having a coiled tube, disposed in a plane, for passing liquid in thermal contact with said heater body and having an outlet interface, wherein an outlet of said tube extends below a planar surface of said outlet interface of said heater body;

a plurality of heating elements in thermal contact with said heater body for providing heat to said heater body in variable quantities, said heating elements located in said heater body in planes substantially parallel with the plane in which said coiled tube is disposed, said plane of said coiled tube disposed between said planes of said heating elements; and

temperature control means for regulating said quantities of heat provided to said heater body to maintain the temperature of said heater body at a predetermined temperature, whereby liquid flowing through said coiled tube exits said heater body at substantially said predetermined temperature, said temperature control means comprising a thermistor disposed within, and in thermal communication with, said heater body, said temperature control means further comprising at least one thermostat disposed within, and in thermal communication with, said heater body, said at least one thermostat electrically connected in series between said electrical power source and said plurality of heating elements, wherein said at least one thermostat causes an open circuit at a predetermined overheat temperature.

2. The heater assembly according to claim 1, wherein said tube has an interior surface that is substantially inert to liquid passing therethrough.

3. The heater assembly of claim 1, wherein an exterior surface of said outlet extending below said planar surface of said heater body is covered with a material that resists adhesion and migration of liquid exiting therefrom.

4. The heater assembly apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:

said plurality of heating elements comprises a pair of electrical resistance heating elements located within, and in thermal communication with, said heater body, and wherein said coiled tube is disposed between said pair of heating elements and said heater assembly further includes an electrical power source that supplies electrical current to said electrical resistance heating elements; and

said temperature control means maintains said heater body at said predetermined temperature by controlling said electrical current to said pair of electrical resistance heating elements.

5. A method for controlling the temperature of flowing liquid at the point of being dispensed, comprising the steps of:

providing said liquid to an inlet of a heater body formed from thermally conductive material and having an outlet interface;

passing said liquid through a coiled tube within said heater body, said coiled tube having an outlet extending below a planar surface of said outlet interface of said heater body, said coiled tube disposed in a plane between a plurality of heating elements, which are located in said heater body in planes disposed substantially parallel with said plane of said coiled tube;

heating said heater body with variable quantities of heat;

regulating said quantities of heat being provided to said heater body to maintain the temperature thereof at a predetermined temperature, whereby said liquid flowing through said tube attains substantially said predetermined temperature; and

dispensing said liquid from said tube through said outlet of said tube at substantially said predetermined temperature.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein said step of dispensing said liquid includes dispensing said liquid at a temperature within ±

1.0°

C. of said predetermined temperature.

7. The method according to claim 5, wherein said step of dispensing said liquid includes dispensing said liquid at a temperature within ±

0.5°

C. of said predetermined temperature.

8. The method according to claim 5, wherein said step of dispensing said liquid includes dispensing said liquid to a receptacle 1/2 inch or less from said outlet of said tube.

9. The method according to claim 5, including a step of dispensing said liquid includes dispensing said liquid to a receptacle 3/8 inch or less from said outlet of said tube.