Ultrasound imaging enhancement methods and systems

• US 5,961,460 A
• Filed: 04/11/1997
• Issued: 10/05/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 04/11/1997
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Siemens Medical Solutions USA Incorporated (Siemens AG)
• Original Assignee: Acuson Corporation (Siemens AG)
• Inventors: Holley, Gregory, Ramamurthy, Bhaskar, Ji, Ting-Lan, Guracar, Ismayil
• Primary Examiner(s): Jaworski, Francis J.
• Application Number:
  US08/838,920
• Time in Patent Office: 907 Days
• Field of Search: 600/440, 600/441, 600/443, 600/447, 600/458, 367/7
• US Class Current: 600/440
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/06 Measuring blood flow measuring volume flow in general G01F, e.g. G01F1/66, G01F1/72; measuring speed of fluids in general G01P5/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/13 Tomography A61B8/10, A61B8/12 take precedence; tomography for radiation diagnosis A61B6/02
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/14 Echo-tomography
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/488 involving Doppler signals
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2291/02491 Materials with nonlinear acoustic properties
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/8981 Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds, e.g. wall clutter filter
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/52038 involving non-linear properties of the propagation medium or of the reflective target
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/5206 Two-dimensional coordinated display of distance and direction; B-scan display
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/52071 Multicolour displays; using colour coding; Optimising colour or information content in displays, e.g. parametric imaging

Abstract

An ultrasonic imaging system generates Doppler and B-mode image signals, and then uses a modulated, non-linear mapping function to combine the Doppler and B-mode image signals into an output signal. In another mode of operation the imaging system generates fundamental and harmonic frequency intensity values and maps these intensity values to display indicia, preferably with a modulated, non-linear mapping function.

Claims

1. A method for ultrasonically imaging comprising the following steps:

(a) generating a Doppler image signal representative of an imaged region;

(b) generating a B-mode image signal representative of the imaged region; and

(c) generating individual display indicia representative of the imaged region as a modulated, non-linear function of both the Doppler and B-mode image signals.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein at least one of steps (a) and (b) generates the respective image signal using a harmonic frequency of an associated transmit center frequency.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein steps (a) and (b) are performed without added contrast agent in the imaged region.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein step (c) comprises the step of applying the image signals as inputs to a multi-bit look-up table.

5. The method of claim 4 wherein the look-up table comprises two dimensions of data addressing.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein the imaged region comprises moving tissue and stationary tissue, and wherein step (c) comprises the step of selecting the non-linear function to substantially enhance portions of the B-mode image signal associated with moving tissue and to substantially suppress portions of the B-mode image signal associated with stationary tissue.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein the Doppler image signal comprises a Doppler tissue image signal.

8. The method of claim 1 wherein the Doppler image signal comprises a Doppler flow image signal.

9. The method of claim 1, 7 or 8 wherein step (a) comprises the step of generating the Doppler image signal as a function of Doppler velocity.

10. The method of claim 1, 7 or 8 wherein step (a) comprises the step of generating the Doppler image signal as a function of Doppler energy.

11. The method of claim 1, 7 or 8 wherein step (a) comprises the step of generating the Doppler image signal as a function of Doppler acceleration.

12. The method of claim 1 wherein the tissue comprises cardiac tissue.

13. The invention of claim 1 wherein the step (a) comprises the step of generating the Doppler image signal with a first acoustic line spacing, wherein step (b) comprises the step of generating the B-mode image signal with a second acoustic line spacing, wherein the first acoustic line spacing is greater than the second acoustic line spacing, and wherein step (c) comprises the step of generating the display indicia representative of the imaged region and associated with a plurality of acoustic lines.

14. The invention of claim 1 wherein step (c) comprises the step of generating the display indicia representative of a two-dimensional representation of the imaged region.

15. An ultrasonic imaging system comprising:

a first processor operative to generate a Doppler image signal representative of an imaged region;

a second processor operative to generate a B-mode image signal representative of the imaged region; and

a generator responsive to the first and second processors, said generator generating individual display indicia representative of the imaged region as a modulated, non-linear function of both the Doppler image signal and the B-mode image signal.

16. The invention of claim 15 wherein at least one of the first and second processors is responsive to a harmonic frequency of an associated transmit center frequency.

17. The invention of claim 15 wherein the generator comprises a multi-bit look-up table.

18. The invention of claim 17 wherein the look-up table comprises two dimensions of data addressing.

19. The invention of claim 18 wherein the look up table comprises more than two dimensions of data addressing.

20. The invention of claim 15 wherein the imaged region comprises moving tissue and stationary tissue, and wherein the non-linear function of the generator is selected to substantially enhance portions of the B-mode image signal associated with moving tissue and to substantially suppress portions of the B-mode image signal associated with stationary tissue.

21. The method of claim 15 wherein the Doppler image signal comprises a Doppler tissue image signal.

22. The method of claim 15 wherein the Doppler image signal comprises a Doppler flow image signal.

23. The method of claim 15, 21 or 22 wherein the first processor is structurally adapted to generate the Doppler image signal as a function of Doppler velocity.

24. The method of claim 15, 21 or 22 wherein the first processor is structurally adapted to generate the Doppler image signal as a function of Doppler energy.

25. The method of claim 15, 21 or 22 wherein the first processor is structurally adapted to generate the Doppler image signal as a function of Doppler acceleration.

26. The method of claim 15 wherein the imaged region comprises cardiac tissue.

27. The invention of claim 15 wherein the Doppler and B-mode image signals are characterized by respective acoustic line spacings, wherein the Doppler image signal acoustic line spacing is greater than the B-mode image signal acoustic line spacing, and wherein the generator generates the display indicia for a region associated with a plurality of acoustic lines included in the imaged region.

59. The invention of claim 15 wherein the generator generates the display indicia representative of two-dimensional representation of the imaged region.

28. In a method for ultrasonically imaging a target comprising the step of transmitting ultrasonic energy into a tissue at a fundamental frequency, the improvement comprising:

(a) generating a fundamental frequency intensity value in response to reflections from the tissue;

(b) generating a harmonic frequency intensity value in response to reflections from the tissue; and

(c) generating individual display indicia as a function of both the fundamental and harmonic frequency intensity values.

29. The method of claim 28 wherein the display indicia include brightness levels.

30. The method of claim 28 wherein the display indicia include gray scale levels.

31. The method of claim 28 wherein the gray scale levels are a function of the fundamental frequency intensity value.

32. The method of claim 28 wherein the display indicia include colors.

33. The method of claim 32 wherein the colors are a function of the fundamental frequency intensity value.

34. The method of claim 28 wherein the display indicia comprise brightness levels which are a function of the maximum of the fundamental frequency and harmonic frequency intensity values.

35. The method of claim 28 wherein the display indicia comprise colors which are a function of the ratio of the harmonic intensity value to the fundamental intensity value.

36. The method of claim 28 wherein step (a) comprises the step of using a Doppler processor to generate the fundamental frequency intensity value.

37. The method of claim 28 wherein step (b) comprises the step of using a Doppler processor to generate the harmonic frequency intensity value.

38. The method of claim 28 wherein step (c) comprises the step of applying the fundamental and harmonic frequency intensity values to a look-up table.

39. The method of claim 28 wherein step (c) comprises the step of using a mapping function operative to de-emphasize regions of an image having a high fundamental frequency intensity value and a low harmonic frequency intensity value.

40. The method of claim 28 wherein step (c) comprises the step of using a modulated non-linear mapping function to map the fundamental and harmonic intensity values to display indicia.

41. The method of claim 28 further comprising the step of:

(d) interleaving steps (a) and (b) on a line-by-line basis, wherein the display indicia generated in step (c) are representative of at least a portion of the imaged region associated with a plurality of lines.

42. The method of claim 28 further comprising the step of:

(d) interleaving steps (a) and (b) on a plurality-of-lines by plurality-of-lines basis, wherein the display indicia generated in step (c) are representative of at least a portion of the imaged region associated with a plurality of lines.

43. The method of claim 28 wherein steps (a) and (b) comprise the step of operating a receive beamformer in a multiple simultaneous receive beam mode.

44. In an ultrasonic imaging system for simultaneously displaying both fundamental and harmonic frequency information, said system comprising:

a first processor operative to generate fundamental frequency intensity values;

a second processor operative to generate harmonic frequency intensity values;

an image plane memory operative to store said intensity values;

a mapping device coupled to the image plane memory for generating individual display indicia as a function of both the fundamental and harmonic frequency intensity values; and

a display responsive to the display indicia.

45. The invention of claim 44 wherein the image plane memory includes a fundamental and a harmonic image plane memory operative to store the fundamental and harmonic frequency intensity values, respectively.

46. The invention of claim 44 wherein the mapping device is adapted to determine intensities of the display indicia as a function of the fundamental frequency intensity values.

47. The invention of claim 44 wherein the mapping device is adapted to determine color of the display indicia as a function of the harmonic frequency intensity values.

48. The invention of claim 44 wherein the mapping device is adapted to determine the display indicia as a function of a ratio of fundamental and harmonic frequency intensity values.

49. The invention of claim 44 wherein the first processor comprises a Doppler processor.

50. The invention of claim 44 wherein the second processor comprises a Doppler processor.

51. The invention of claim 44 wherein the mapping device comprises a look-up table.

53. The invention of claim 44 wherein the first and second processors comprise means for interleaving the respective intensity values on a plurality-of-scan lines by plurality-of-scan lines basis.

54. In a method for ultrasonically imaging a target comprising the step of transmitting ultrasonic energy into a tissue at a fundamental frequency, the improvement comprising:

(a) generating a harmonic frequency information signal in response to reflections from the tissue;

(b) generating a fundamental frequency information signal in response to reflections from the tissue;

(c) combining the harmonic frequency information signal and the fundamental frequency information signal through a mapping function to form individual display indicia of an imaging signal for display.

52. The invention of claim 54 wherein the first and second processors comprise means for interleaving the respective intensity values on a scan line-by-scan line basis, and wherein the display indicia are representative of at least a portion of the imaged region associated with a plurality of lines.

55. The method of claim 54 wherein both the fundamental and harmonic frequency information signals are generated by a B-mode processor.

56. The method of claim 54 wherein the fundamental frequency information signal is generated by a motion processor with no clutter filtering.

57. The method of claim 54 wherein the harmonic frequency information signal is generated by a motion processor with no clutter filtering.

58. The method of claim 52 wherein the harmonic information signal is generated by a Doppler processor.

60. A method for ultrasonically imaging a target comprising the following steps:

(a) applying energy at fundamental frequencies to a transducer;

(b) acquiring harmonic signals responsive to harmonic frequencies different than the fundamental frequencies;

(c) acquiring fundamental signals responsive to the fundamental frequencies;

(d) combining the harmonic and fundamental signals to form individual display indicia of an output signal; and

(e) generating an image responsive to step (d).

62. The method of claim 60 or 61 wherein step (d) comprises the step of applying the harmonic and fundamental signals to a look-up table.

63. The method of claim 60 or 61 wherein the harmonic and fundamental signals comprise detected signals.

64. The method of claim 60 or 61 wherein step (d) occurs prior to scan conversion.

65. The method of claim 60 or 61 wherein the harmonic and fundamental signals are sequentially acquired.

66. The method of claim 60 or 61 wherein the harmonic and fundamental signals are simultaneously acquired.

67. The method of claim 60 or 61 wherein step (e) comprises the step of generating the image in a portion of a scan region.

68. The method of claim 60 or 61 wherein step (e) comprises the step of generating the image for each point in a scanned region.

61. In a method for ultrasonically imaging a target comprising the step of transmitting ultrasonic energy into a tissue at a fundamental frequency, the improvement comprising:

(a) isolating harmonic information and fundamental information from reflections from the tissue;

(b) processing harmonic signals responsive to the harmonic information;

(c) processing fundamental signals responsive to the fundamental information;

(d) combining the harmonic and fundamental signals to form individual display indicia of an output signal; and

(e) generating an image responsive to step (d).