Gas generating system and method

• US 5,961,928 A
• Filed: 04/15/1997
• Issued: 10/05/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 04/15/1997
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Doosan Fuel Cell America, Inc. (Doosan Corporation)
• Original Assignee: International Fuel Cells Corporation
• Inventors: Grubb, Paul A., VanDine, Leslie L., Sederquist, Richard A., Maston, Valerie A., Smith, Raymond M., Malinowski, Theodore S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Tran, Hien
• Assistant Examiner(s): KENNEDY, JAMES C
• Application Number:
  US08/838,118
• Time in Patent Office: 903 Days
• Field of Search: 422/105, 422/111, 422/110, 422/182, 423/418.2, 423/245.3, 48/85, 48/197 R, 429/22, 429/23, 429/24
• US Class Current: 422/110
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 19/0006 Controlling or regulating processes controlling or regulating in general G05
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 8/001 Controlling catalytic processes B01J8/1809 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 3/32 by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/0612 from carbon-containing material
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/50 Fuel cells

Abstract

A system for generating a desired output gas from an input fuel for use in a downstream process is disclosed. The system includes a plurality of fuel processing units to generate the desired output gas, wherein each of the plurality of fuel processing units includes a reformer which uses waste gas output from the downstream process to facilitate the processing of the fuel. Each of the fuel processing units is operational over a range up to full capacity, wherein the plurality of fuel processing units are interconnected in an collective operating scheme to process the fuel. A control system is provided for controlling the plurality of fuel processing units in response to requirements of a dynamic load demand from the downstream operation. The control system is operative to adjust the operational level of each of the plurality of fuel processing units to produce individual responses from each of the fuel processing units. The individual responses are combined to produce a collective response for meeting the requirements of the dynamic load demand. A method for generating a desired output gas from an input fuel for use in a downstream process is also provided.

Claims

1. A system for generating a desired output gas from an input fuel for use in a downstream process, comprising:

a plurality of means for processing said fuel to generate said desired output gas, wherein said plurality of means for processing include means for using waste gas output from said downstream process to provide energy for the processing of said fuel, wherein each of said plurality of means for processing is operational at a range of operational levels up to full capacity, and wherein said plurality of means for processing are interconnected in an collective operating scheme to process said fuel;

means for controlling said plurality of means for processing in response to a dynamic load demand from said downstream operation, wherein said means for controlling is operative to adjust the operational level of each of said plurality of means for processing to produce individual responses from each of said plurality of means for processing, wherein said range of operational levels may vary between each of said plurality of means for processing from idle to full capacity; and

means for combining said individual responses to produce a collective response for meeting said dynamic load demand.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein each of said plurality of means for processing is a fuel processing system which includes a burner having an input for receiving said waste gas from said downstream process and a reformer, and wherein said burner combusts said waste gas to produce heat for use by said reformer to convert said fuel into said desired gas.

3. The system according to claim 2, further including means for supplying steam to said waste gas prior to entering said burner for stabilizing said waste gas for combustion.

4. The system according to claim 3, wherein each of said fuel processing systems includes a plurality of control means for the individual control of parameters including at least one of flow of said fuel, flow of said steam, flow of air, and temperature of said reformer.

5. The system according to claim 4, wherein said means for controlling includes means for individually controlling said parameters of each of said plurality of fuel processing systems so as to control participation in said collective operating scheme.

6. The system according to claim 1, wherein said means for controlling includes means for communicating with said downstream process to receive a dynamic load signal indicative of said demand.

7. The system according to claim 6, wherein said means for controlling includes means for equally distributing said load demand to each of said means for processing such that each of said means for processing contributes substantially equally to said collective response.

8. The system according to claim 1, wherein said means for processing comprises a plurality of fuel processing elements, wherein each of said elements includes means for receiving said fuel, said waste gas, air and steam for use in processing said fuel.

9. The system according to claim 8, further comprising means for directing said fuel, said waste gas, said air and said steam to said means for receiving said fuel processing elements, and control elements operative with said means for controlling and said means for directing the distribution of said fuel, said waste gas, said air and said steam among said fuel processing elements.

10. The system according claim 9, wherein said control element comprise at least one of valves and flow meters in communication with said means for controlling the flow of said fuel, the flow of said waste gas, the flow of said air and the flow of said steam to said elements.

11. The system according to claim 9, wherein said means for processing have an operating temperature for processing said fuel which increases with an increase in fuel flow and wherein said waste gas is available in a quantity and composition, further including means for sensing said operating temperature, wherein said means for controlling includes means for causing said control elements to increase said fuel flow to a higher flow level and increase flow of said waste gas in response to an increase in said load demand, wherein if at least one of said quantity and composition of said waste gas is insufficient for maintaining said temperature at a temperature level for processing said fuel at a higher operational level, said means for causing further for causing a decrease in fuel flow until said waste gas is sufficient in quantity and composition.

12. A method for generating a desired output gas from an input fuel for use in a downstream process, comprising the steps of:

providing a plurality of fuel processing systems operational over a range of operational levels up to full capacity;

processing said fuel using said fuel processing systems to generate said desired output gas;

using waste gas output from said downstream process to provide energy for the step of processing; and

controlling said plurality of fuel processing systems in response to requirements of a dynamic load demand from said downstream operation including,

adjusting the operational level of each of said plurality of fuel processing systems to produce individual responses from each of said plurality of fuel processing systems, wherein said step of adjusting includes varying said operational levels from idle to full capacity; and

combining said individual responses to produce a collective response for meeting said dynamic load demand.

13. The method according to claim 12, said step of using includes combusting said waste gas to produce heat for reforming said fuel into said desired gas.

14. The method according to claim 13, further including the step of supplying steam to said waste gas prior to said step of combusting for stabilizing said waste gas for combustion.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein said step of controlling further includes the step of individually controlling a plurality of individual parameters of said fuel processing systems, wherein said parameters include at least one of flow of said fuel, flow of said steam, and temperature of said burner, so as to control participation of said fuel processing systems in a collective operating scheme.

16. The method according to claim 12, wherein said step of adjusting includes the step of communicating with said downstream process to receive a dynamic load signal indicative of said demand.

17. The method according to claim 16, wherein said step of adjusting further includes the step of equally distributing said load demand to each of said means for processing such that each of said means for processing contributes substantially equally to said collective response.

18. The method according to claim 12, further including the step of said fuel processing systems receiving said waste gas, air and steam for use in processing said fuel.

19. The method according to claim 18, further including the steps of directing said fuel, said waste gas, said air and said steam to said fuel processing elements, and said step of adjusting including the step of controlling the distribution of said fuel, said waste gas, said air and said steam among said fuel processing elements.

20. The method according to claim 12, wherein said fuel processing systems have an operating temperature for processing said fuel which increases with an increase in fuel flow and wherein said waste gas is available in a quantity and composition, further including:

sensing said operating temperature; and

said step of controlling including causing an increase in fuel flow level and flow of said waste gas for increasing said operational levels in response to an increase in said load demand, wherein if at least one of said quantity and composition of said waste gas is insufficient for maintaining said temperature at a temperature level for processing said fuel at an increased operational level, said step of controlling including causing a decrease in fuel flow level until said waste gas is sufficient in quantity and composition to sufficiently support said fuel processing at said fuel flow level.