Wide area communications network for remote data generating stations

• US 5,963,146 A
• Filed: 05/31/1995
• Issued: 10/05/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 02/15/1990
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Itron, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Itron, Inc.
• Inventors: Wiebe, Michael, Holowick, Erwin, Jacob, Nathan R., Murhpy, Michael F., Schellenberg, James J., Stasenski, Michael S., Johnson, Dennis F.
• Primary Examiner(s): Zimmerman, Brian
• Assistant Examiner(s): Edwards, Jr., Timothy
• Application Number:
  US08/454,678
• Time in Patent Office: 1,588 Days
• Field of Search: 340/870.03, 340/870.11, 340/825.06, 340/825.16, 340/825.18, 340/870.01, 340/825.69, 340/825.72, 340/825.52, 340/870.02 , 340/825.02, 340/825.21, 375/356, 375/377
• US Class Current: 340/870.01
• CPC Class Codes: G01D 4/004 Remote reading of utility meters to a fixed location
• CPC Class Codes: G01D 4/008 Modifications to installed utility meters to enable remote reading
• CPC Class Codes: G08C 15/00 Arrangements characterised by the use of multiplexing for the transmission of a plurality of signals over a common path
• CPC Class Codes: G08C 15/06 successively, i.e. using time division
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00017 using optical fiber
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00028 involving the use of Internet protocols
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00034 the elements or equipment being or involving an electric power substation
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/2854 Wide area networks, e.g. public data networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/022 by sampling
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/0817 by checking functioning
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/0829 Packet loss
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 9/14 Calling by using pulses
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 24/10 Scheduling measurement reports ; Arrangements for measurement reports
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 74/06 using polling
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 74/08 Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA hybrid access H04W74/02
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 74/0833 Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 8/26 Network addressing or numbering for mobility support
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/04 Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/30 Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 90/20 Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector smart grids supporting the management or operation of end-user stationary applications in general, or like technologies with no associated climate change mitigation effect Y04S20/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/20 : End-user application control systems
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/30 : Smart metering, e.g. specially adapted for remote reading
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 40/00 : Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them

Abstract

A wide area communications network communicating data from a plurality of network service modules through a plurality of remote cell nodes and intermediate data terminals to a central data terminal. The wide area communicates network collects network generated by a plurality of physical devices such as gas, water or electricity meters, located within a geographical area. The wide area communications network is a layered network have a hierarchical communications topology. The central data terminal controls network operation. Intelligence exists at all layers of the network, thereby easing the workload of the central data terminal. The intelligence attributed to each module is a function of the application of that module.

Claims

1. A data collection system for data collection from a plurality of meters comprising:

a) a plurality of telemetry devices, each of the telemetry devices being associated with a selected meter and including;

i) a sensor to measure a parameter at a series of measurement time to generate a series of successive measurements,

ii) a first memory configured to store a plurality of measurements from said series of successive measurements, and

iii) a transmitter to transmit said plurality of stored measurements to a collection device at a series of transmission times, each of said stored measurements transmitted at a plurality of different transmission times; and

b) a plurality of collection devices, there being fewer collection devices than telemetry devices, said collection devices including;

i) a receiver to receive transmissions from a subset of said plurality of telemetry devices,

ii) a processor for extracting said series of successive measurements from a series of said transmissions and analyzing said series of successive measurements to generate a metered function of said parameter, the processor for comparing a message number of the current transmission to a message number of the previous transmission,

iii) a second memory configured to store data representing telemetry devices from which the respective collection device receives transmissions, the data storing a receipt time of a previous transmission from said telemetry device,

iv) a clock for determining a receipt time of a current transmission from a telemetry device, and

v) a transmitter to transmit said metered function to a monitoring station.

2. The data collection system of claim 1 wherein

said first memory is configured to store a number,

a telemetry device increments said number each time a measurement is generated,

said stored number is transmitted by said transmitter in a current transmission from said telemetry device;

the data representing said telemetry device stores a number transmitted in a previous transmission from said telemetry device; and

said collection devices further include a processor to compare the number transmitted in the current transmission the number transmitted in the previous transmission.

3. A method of collecting data related to a metered commodity comprising the steps of:

a) measuring a parameter with a telemetry device at a series of measurement times to generate a series of successive measurements, the telemetry device being operably coupled to a meter;

b) storing a plurality of said measurements in said telemetry device;

c) generating a new number in said telemetry device each time a measurement is generated,

d) transmitting said stored measurements and transmitting said new number with said stored measurements to a collection device at a series of transmission times;

e) storing an old number in said collection device;

f) comparing said old number to said new number at said collection device to determine which measurements are new measurements which were not previously received by said collection device and whether there are missing measurements;

g) extracting said series of successive measurements from a series of said transmissions with said collection device;

h) analyzing said series of successive measurements to generate a metered function of said parameter with said collection device; and

i) transmitting said metered function to a monitoring station.

4. The method of claim 3 wherein said transmissions are wireless transmissions.

5. The method of claim 3 further comprising the step of waiting a period of time following a measurement for a transmission time to transmit said stored measurements.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein said transmission time is selected randomly.

7. The method of claim 3 further comprising the step of storing said old number in said telemetry device, and wherein the step of generating said new number includes incrementing said old number.

8. The method of claim 7 further comprising the step of determining the measurement times for new measurements received by said collection device.

9. The method of claim 8 further comprising the steps of:

storing information in said telemetry device indicating whether a power failure occurred between successive measurements,

transmitting said information to said collection device, and

using said information to determine whether there are new measurements for which the measurement time cannot be determined.

10. The method of claim 9 further comprising the step of performing a recovery operation for missing measurements or new measurements for which the measurement time cannot be determined.

11. The method of claim 3 wherein said parameter is selected from the group consisting of electrical power, fluid flow, voltage, current, and temperature.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein said parameter is electrical power.

13. The method of claim 11 wherein said parameter is fluid flow.

14. The method of claim 11 wherein said fluid is natural gas.

15. The method of claim 11 wherein said fluid is water.